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Chinese Physics B

Distributed wireless quantum communication networks

Xutao Yu, Jin S. Y. Xu, Zaichen Zhang

Published Sep 1, 2013• 41 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The distributed wireless quantum communication network (DWQCN) has a distributed network topology and transmits information by quantum states. In this paper, we present the concept of the DWQCN and propose a system scheme to transfer quantum states in the DWQCN. The system scheme for transmitting information between any two nodes in the DWQCN includes a routing protocol and a scheme for transferring quantum states. The routing protocol is on-demand and the routing metric is selected based on the number of entangled particle pairs. After setting up a route, quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping are used for transferring quantum states. Entanglement swapping is achieved along with the process of routing set up and the acknowledgment packet transmission. The measurement results of each entanglement swapping are piggybacked with route reply packets or acknowledgment packets. After entanglement swapping, a direct quantum link between source and destination is set up and quantum states are transferred by quantum teleportation. Adopting this scheme, the measurement results of entanglement swapping do not need to be transmitted specially, which decreases the wireless transmission cost and transmission delay.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/22/9/090311

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The distributed wireless quantum communication network (DWQCN) has a distributed network topology and transmits information by quantum states. In this paper, we present the concept of the DWQCN and propose a system scheme to transfer quantum states in the DWQCN. The system scheme for transmitting information between any two nodes in the DWQCN includes a routing protocol and a scheme for transferring quantum states. The routing protocol is on-demand and the routing metric is selected based on the number of entangled particle pairs. After setting up a route, quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping are used for transferring quantum states. Entanglement swapping is achieved along with the process of routing set up and the acknowledgment packet transmission. The measurement results of each entanglement swapping are piggybacked with route reply packets or acknowledgment packets. After entanglement swapping, a direct quantum link between source and destination is set up and quantum states are transferred by quantum teleportation. Adopting this scheme, the measurement results of entanglement swapping do not need to be transmitted specially, which decreases the wireless transmission cost and transmission delay.
A concept of wireless ad hoc quantum communication network is proposed and a routing protocol is designed for wireless quantum communicaiton network with complex structure. The routing protocol is on-demand and the routing metric is based on the number of entangled particle pairs. The node that wants to send information carried by quantum state can initiate a route request and establishment procedure. The destination node chooses path by the routing metric and sends route reply message along the selected path. During the information transmission, if the quantum channel or the wirless channel between any neighbors in the selected path is broken, a route discovery process is reinitiated to set up a new route. Nodes in the selected path use a both-end approximation algorithm to establish a quantum channel. After the quantum channel is established, the quantum state is transferred by quantum teleportation and the information transfer between any two nodes in wireless ad hoc quantum communication network is finished.
Wireless quantum communication networks transfer quantum state by teleportation. Existing research focuses on maximal entangled pairs. In this paper, we analyse the distributed wireless quantum communication networks with partially entangled pairs. A quantum routing scheme with multi-hop teleportation is proposed. With the proposed scheme, is not necessary for the quantum path to be consistent with the classical path. The quantum path and its associated classical path are established in a distributed way. Direct multi-hop teleportation is conducted on the selected path to transfer a quantum state from the source to the destination. Based on the feature of multi-hop teleportation using partially entangled pairs, if the node number of the quantum path is even, the destination node will add another teleportation at itself. We simulated the performance of distributed wireless quantum communication networks with a partially entangled state. The probability of transferring the quantum state successfully is statistically analyzed. Our work shows that multi-hop teleportation on distributed wireless quantum networks with partially entangled pairs is feasible.
Wireless quantum communication networks transfer quantum state by teleportation. Existing research focuses on maximal entangled pairs. In this paper, we analyse the distributed wireless quantum communication networks with partially entangled pairs. A quantum routing scheme with multi-hop teleportation is proposed. With the proposed scheme, is not necessary for the quantum path to be consistent with the classical path. The quantum path and its associated classical path are established in a distributed way. Direct multi-hop teleportation is conducted on the selected path to transfer a quantum state from the source to the destination. Based on the feature of multi-hop teleportation using partially entangled pairs, if the node number of the quantum path is even, the destination node will add another teleportation at itself. We simulated the performance of distributed wireless quantum communication networks with a partially entangled state. The probability of transferring the quantum state successfully is statistically analyzed. Our work shows that multi-hop teleportation on distributed wireless quantum networks with partially entangled pairs is feasible,
A quantum routing scheme is proposed to teleport a quantum state from one quantum device to another wirelessly,even though the two devices do not share EPR pairs mutually.The scheme is based on entanglement swapping and quantum teleportation.The model of quantum wireless communication network and correlative communication protocol is presented.In order to be compatible with the conventional wireless communication network,the network architecture of a twotier database structure is proposed.In terms of qubit transmission time and security,performance analysis results show that the proposed scheme is superior to quantum relay routing scheme.The proposed scheme has high scalability and practicability.
Motivated by multi-particle entanglement, we propose a multi-party quantum parallel teleportation scheme in quantum wireless multi-hop networks (QWMNs) investigated with four-vertex graph-based entanglement. We show an ar- bitrary single-qubit quantum teleportation with graph state between directly connected two-party and an arbitrary two- qubit quantum teleportation based on four-vertex graph state followed by the multi-parity quantum teleportation based on four-vertex graph state where source node do not need share any entangled pairs with destination node but via intermediate nodes’ quantum swapping to finish the teleportation. Source node and intermediate nodes conduct von Neumann measurement and transmit their classical outcomes to the destination node independently in a parallel manner. Then destination node applies appropriate unitary operation to recover the source quantum state according to the received outcomes. This graph- based scheme extends the entanglement pattern in quantum teleportation, provides a perfect multi-party teleportation model. The proposed scheme improves the constructing flexibility of the network and reduces the communication delay, which has a wide application in quantum route selection.
Communication in quantum wireless multihop networks is useful in global quantum networks. We propose a scheme for faithful quantum communication in quantum wireless multihop networks, by performing quantum teleportation between two distant nodes which do not initially share entanglement with each other. The required entanglement among intermediate nodes is established through entanglement swapping based on arbitrary types of Bell pairs. All the measurement outcomes and the types of Bell pairs are sent to the destination node independently. The initial quantum state can be finally recovered by corresponding local operations. Our scheme can reduce end-to-end communication delay by using simultaneous measurements in contrast to the scheme based on sequential entanglement swapping.