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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Phase modulation and false data transmission for secure communication

Bruno Wacogne, Mark D. Jackson, Norman E. Fisher, Adrian Gh. Podoleanu, David A. Jackson

Published Jun 2, 1996• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Nowadays, it is important to consider not only the possibility of information multiplexing, but also the security aspect of its transmission. This article presents a novel telecommunication system based on relative phase coding. A highly coherent source is used to transmit data, which consists of a sequence of time intervals of duration ?, each exhibiting a different phase. At the receiver, this sequence propagates through an imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) exhibiting a differential time-delay matching the time-interval duration ?. At the MZI output, two consecutive intervals overlap, and interferences occur. If the phases of two consecutive intervals are identical, constructive interferences produce a binary '1' at the decoder output. Conversely, if the phases of these intervals differ by ?, destructive interferences produce a binary '0'.

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Nowadays, it is important to consider not only the possibility of information multiplexing, but also the security aspect of its transmission. This article presents a novel telecommunication system based on relative phase coding. A highly coherent source is used to transmit data, which consists of a sequence of time intervals of duration ?, each exhibiting a different phase. At the receiver, this sequence propagates through an imbalanced Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) exhibiting a differential time-delay matching the time-interval duration ?. At the MZI output, two consecutive intervals overlap, and interferences occur. If the phases of two consecutive intervals are identical, constructive interferences produce a binary '1' at the decoder output. Conversely, if the phases of these intervals differ by ?, destructive interferences produce a binary '0'.
A new communication system exhibiting a double security level is demonstrated. Information coding is based on relative phase changes between consecutive time intervals of the light emitted from a highly coherent CW source. An imbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer whose time delay matches the intervals duration is used to decode the data. The first security level is related to the constant optical power in the transmission link. To further enhance the security, a low coherent source is used to send false data down the transmission link. Common mode rejection is used to separate the real signal from the false signal. This system provides a high signal-to-noise ratio as well as a low crosstalk in a wavelength division multiplexing network.
In this conference, we demonstrate a new communication system exhibiting a double security level. Information coding is based on differential phase shift keying of the light emitted from a highly coherent CW source. An imbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer whose time delay matches the bit duration is used to decode the data. Since the optical power is constant in the transmission link, security levels comparable with those obtained in coherence modulation may be achieved. To further enhance the security, a low coherent source is used to send false data down the transmission link. The discrimination between real and false signal is based on common mode rejection. A study of the signal to noise ratio achieved with this system is also discussed in this manuscript.
We propose a novel scheme of communication security using dark-bright soliton conversion behaviors in which the transmission signals can be secured by using the random codes generated by dark-bright soliton conversion within the system. The system consists of two parts, where first, an optical Mach Zhender interferometer (MZI) is used to generate the coincidence dark and bright soliton pair by using the (π/2) phase retarder (i.e., a coupler), in which |D〉 and |B〉 states represent the orthogonal dark and bright soliton pulses. The signals from through (Th) port are formed and transmitted via the transmission line to the end user. Second, the add/drop filter is used to separate(filter) the required signal form the transmission link, in which the Th and drop port signals are formed as a reference and signal, respectively. In this case, we assume that both solitons are input into the MZI ports simultaneously (coincidently), in which the binary codes are randomly formed and used to present the transmission data, in which the states "0" and "1" are represented by |DB〉 and |BD〉, respectively. Finally, the eavesdropper and signal accuracy are also described.
Secure optical communications involve securing data transmitted over optical networks, primarily using technologies like optical encryption to protect data in transit. We have developed an optical steganography communication technique based on a quantum dot coherent comb laser, laser channels have strong correlated phase relationship. Each stealth channel uses two comb lines, which operates through two paired Mach-Zehnder interferometers. One line carries data, while the other serves as a reference. At the transmitter, phase modulation adds data to one comb line. An optical delay introduces a mismatch between the two lines to make the data undetectable to others. At the receiver, a programmable tunable delay matches the assigned delays from the different stealth channels. If the tunable delay matches the delay difference between the two-comb lines, the signal is recovered. The system uses physical-layer encryption instead of digital encryption to ensure robust security, scalability, and real-time data protection without computational processing.
In this presentation, we discuss the security aspect of coherence modulation for telecommunications. Recently, we demonstrated a simple technique for decoding the signal without any decoder interferometer. We now demonstrate a secure alternative method based on the corruption of the interferometer's optical path difference. Experimental results at low bit rate using fiber interferometers as well as transmission at high bit rates using large-imbalanced integrated optic interferometers are presented. Considerations about the polarization state of the light are also discussed.
In this paper, we propose a new optical security technique using two phase masks based on interferometer. A binary random phase image is used as a reference image and the encrypted image is generated according to the phase difference between the reference image and the original image. If there is no phase difference of a same pixel position in two phase masks, interference intensity of the pixel has minimum value and if phase difference of a same pixel position in two phase masks is , its interference intensity has maximum value. We can decrypt the original image by putting two phase masks on each of the two optical paths of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Computer simulation and the optical experiments show a good performance of the proposed optical security system.