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Chinese Physics B

Determining hyperfine transitions with electromagnetically induced transparency and optical pumping

Yi-Chi Lee, Chin‐Chun Tsai, Yung-Yung Chang, Chen-Han Huang, Hsiang‐Chen Chui

Published Jul 1, 2011• 1 citation

Abstract

A system is designed to observe the phenomena of electromagnetically induced transparency and optical pumping in cesium D 1 and D 2 lines at room temperature. When a pump laser is frequency-locked on the top of a hyperfine transition and the frequency of the probe laser scans over another hyperfine transition, a spectrum of V-type electromagnetically induced transparency or an optical pumping can be observed depending on whether the two lasers share a common ground state. Therefore, these results can be used to identify the unknown hyperfine transitions of the D 1 line transitions. For educational purposes, this system is helpful for understanding the electromagnetically induced transparency and the optical pumping.

DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/20/7/073101

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A system is designed to observe the phenomena of electromagnetically induced transparency and optical pumping in cesium D 1 and D 2 lines at room temperature. When a pump laser is frequency-locked on the top of a hyperfine transition and the frequency of the probe laser scans over another hyperfine transition, a spectrum of V-type electromagnetically induced transparency or an optical pumping can be observed depending on whether the two lasers share a common ground state. Therefore, these results can be used to identify the unknown hyperfine transitions of the D 1 line transitions. For educational purposes, this system is helpful for understanding the electromagnetically induced transparency and the optical pumping.

Based on the cesium 6S1/2 -6P3/2 -8S1/2 ladder-type system, electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) is further investigated in a room-temperature vapor cell. When the probe laser is locked to one of the hyperfine transitions between the ground state 6S1/2 (F=3) and the intermediate state 6P3/2 while the coupling laser scans the transition between the intermediate state 6P3/2 and the excited state 8S1/2, the EIT spectrum has a flat background improving the spectral resolution. The theoretically calculated EIT spectral profiles from a multi-level ladder-type model are consistent well with the obtained experimental phenomena.

Abstract We experimentally studied the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in cesium (Cs) vapors under a three-level V -configuration system. Two independent diode lasers were employed in locked and scanning mode, respectively, for pumping and probing the atomic media. A probe laser was scanned across 6 S 1/2 ( F = 4) to all subsutructures of 6 P 3/2 ( F ′ = 5 , F ′ = 4 and F ′ = 3 ) and the pump was locked at F ′ = 5 or F ′ = 4 or F ′ = 3 of 6 P 3/2 . A good agreement of the experimental results with theoretical simulations was observed. The intensity and magnetic field dependence of the EIT spectrum in a V -type system of Cs atoms was also studied.

By monitoring the transmission of probe laser beam (also served as coupling laser beam) which is locked to a cycling hyperfine transition of cesium D(2) line, while pumping laser is scanned across cesium D(1) or D(2) lines, the single-resonance optical pumping (SROP) spectra are obtained with atomic vapor cell. The SROP spectra indicate the variation of the zero-velocity atoms population of one hyperfine fold of ground state, which is optically pumped into another hyperfine fold of ground state by pumping laser. With the virtue of Doppler-free linewidth, high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), flat background and elimination of crossover resonance lines (CRLs), the SROP spectra with atomic vapor cell around room temperature can be employed to measure dressed-state splitting of ground state, which is normally detected with laser-cooled atomic sample only, even if the dressed-state splitting is much smaller than the Doppler-broaden linewidth at room temperature.

Pump?probe spectra of caesium D2 line are experimentally investigated in a Cs atomic vapour cell with co-propagating orthogonal linearly-polarized pump and probe laser beams. Absorption-reduction dips duo to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in multi-?-type Zeeman sublevels of 6 S1/2 F=3?6 P3/2 F'=2 hyperfine transition and absorption-enhanced peaks due to electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in 6 S1/2 F=4?6 P3/2 F'=5 hyperfine transition are demonstrated. With detuned pump beam abnormal sign-reversed signals inside the EIT dip and the EIA peak are clearly observed.