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Photonics Letters of Poland

Dynamics of a two-level atom in a double perpendicular cavity

J. C. García-Melgarejo, N. Lozano-Crisóstomo, Ponciano Rodriguez-Montero, José Javier Sánchez-Mondragón

Published Jul 1, 2015• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a variation of the Jaynes-Cummings Model (JCM), which consists of a Two-Level Atom (TLA) within a cross cavity configuration. This new geometry is a suitable tool to understand the origin of new QED features that the original JCM does not reveal, showing revivals in cases where they are not expected to appear. Full Text: PDF References E.T. Jaynes, F.W. Cummings, "Comparison of quantum and semiclassical radiation theories with application to the beam maser", Proc. IEEE 51, 1 (1963). CrossRef M. Wilkens, P. Meystre, "Nonlinear atomic homodyne detection: A technique to detect macroscopic superpositions in a micromaser", Phys. Rev. A 43, 7 (1991). CrossRef I.V. Jyotsna, G.S. Agarwal, "The Jaynes-Cummings model with continuous external pumping", Opt. Commun. 99, 344 (1993). CrossRef M.S. Abdalla, M. Abdel-Aty, A.-S.F. Obada, "Quantum entropy of isotropic coupled oscillators interacting with a single atom", Opt. Comm. 211, 225 (2001). CrossRef M.A. Marchiolli, R.J. Missori, "Qualitative aspects of entanglement in the Jaynes?Cummings model with an external quantum field", J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 36, 49 (2003). CrossRef J.C. García-Melgarejo, Ph.D. Thesis. INAOE (2015). J.R. Ackerhalt, K. Rzazewski, "Heisenberg-picture operator perturbation theory", Phys. Rev. A 12, 6 (1975) CrossRef J.H. Eberly, N.B. Narozhny, J.J. Sanchez-Mondragon, "Periodic Spontaneous Collapse and Revival in a Simple Quantum Model", Phys. Rev. Lett. 44, 20 (1980). CrossRef N.B. Narozhny, J.J. Sanchez-Mondragon, J.H. Eberly, "Coherence versus incoherence: Collapse and revival in a simple quantum model", Phys. Rev. A 23, 1 (1981). CrossRef L. Allen, J.H. Eberly, Optical resonance and two-level atoms (New York, Wiley 1975). A. Joshi, R.R. Puri, "Effects of the Binomial Field Distribution on Collapse and Revival Phenomena in the Jaynes-Cummings Model", J. Modern Optics 34, 11 (1987). CrossRef

DOI
10.4302/plp.2015.2.02

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We propose a variation of the Jaynes-Cummings Model (JCM), which consists of a Two-Level Atom (TLA) within a cross cavity configuration. This new geometry is a suitable tool to understand the origin of new QED features that the original JCM does not reveal, showing revivals in cases where they are not expected to appear. Full Text: PDF References E.T. Jaynes, F.W. Cummings, "Comparison of quantum and semiclassical radiation theories with application to the beam maser", Proc. IEEE 51, 1 (1963). CrossRef M. Wilkens, P. Meystre, "Nonlinear atomic homodyne detection: A technique to detect macroscopic superpositions in a micromaser", Phys. Rev. A 43, 7 (1991). CrossRef I.V. Jyotsna, G.S. Agarwal, "The Jaynes-Cummings model with continuous external pumping", Opt. Commun. 99, 344 (1993). CrossRef M.S. Abdalla, M. Abdel-Aty, A.-S.F. Obada, "Quantum entropy of isotropic coupled oscillators interacting with a single atom", Opt. Comm. 211, 225 (2001). CrossRef M.A. Marchiolli, R.J. Missori, "Qualitative aspects of entanglement in the Jaynes?Cummings model with an external quantum field", J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 36, 49 (2003). CrossRef J.C. García-Melgarejo, Ph.D. Thesis. INAOE (2015). J.R. Ackerhalt, K. Rzazewski, "Heisenberg-picture operator perturbation theory", Phys. Rev. A 12, 6 (1975) CrossRef J.H. Eberly, N.B. Narozhny, J.J. Sanchez-Mondragon, "Periodic Spontaneous Collapse and Revival in a Simple Quantum Model", Phys. Rev. Lett. 44, 20 (1980). CrossRef N.B. Narozhny, J.J. Sanchez-Mondragon, J.H. Eberly, "Coherence versus incoherence: Collapse and revival in a simple quantum model", Phys. Rev. A 23, 1 (1981). CrossRef L. Allen, J.H. Eberly, Optical resonance and two-level atoms (New York, Wiley 1975). A. Joshi, R.R. Puri, "Effects of the Binomial Field Distribution on Collapse and Revival Phenomena in the Jaynes-Cummings Model", J. Modern Optics 34, 11 (1987). CrossRef
The Jaynes-Cummings Model (JCM), a soluble fully quantum mechanical model of an atom in a field, was first used (in 1963) to examine the classical aspects of spontaneous emission and to reveal the existence of Rabi oscillations in atomic excitation probability for fields with sharply defined energy (or photon number). For fields having a statistical distributions of photon numbers the oscillations collapse to an expected steady value. In 1980 it was discovered that with appropriate initial conditions (e.g. a near-classical field), the Rabi oscillations would eventually revive -- only to collapse and revive repeatedly in a complicated pattern. The existence of these revivals, present in the analytic solutions of the JCM, provided direct evidence for discreteness of field excitation (photons) and hence for the truly quantum nature of radiation. Subsequent study revealed further nonclassical properties of the JCM field, such as a tendency of the photons to antibunch. Within the last two years it has been found that during the quiescent intervals of collapsed Rabi oscillations the atom and field exist in a macroscopic superposition state (a Schroedinger cat). This discovery offers the opportunity to use the JCM to elucidate the basic properties of quantum correlation (entanglement) and to exploremore » still further the relationship between classical and quantum physics. In tribute to E. D. Jaynes, who first recognized the importance of the JCM for clarifying the differences and similarities between quantum and classical physics, we here present an overview of the theory of the JCM and some of the many remarkable discoveries about it.« less
The Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM), a soluble fully quantum mechanical model of an atom in a field, was first used (in 1963) to examine the classical aspects of spontaneous emission and to reveal the existence of Rabi oscillations in atomic excitation probabilities for fields with sharply defined energy (or photon number). For fields having a statistical distributions of photon numbers the oscillations collapse to an expected steady value. In 1980 it was discovered that with appropriate initial conditions (e.g. a near-classical field), the Rabi oscillations would eventually revive, only to collapse and revive repeatedly in a complicated pattern. The existence of these revivals, present in the analytic solutions of the JCM, provided direct evidence for discreteness of field excitation (photons) and hence for the truly quantum nature of radiation. Subsequent study revealed further non-classical properties of the JCM field, such as a tendency of the photons to antibunch. Within the last two years it has been found that during the quiescent intervals of collapsed Rabi oscillations the atom and field exist in a macroscopic superposition state (a Schrödinger cat). This discovery offers the opportunity to use the JCM to elucidate the basic properties of quantum correlation (entanglement) and to explore still further the relationship between classical and quantum physics. The relative simplicity of the JCM and the ease with which it can be extended through analytic expressions or numerical computation continues to motivate attention, as evidenced by the growing abundance of publications. We here present an overview of the theory of the JCM and some of the many extensions and generalizations that have appeared.
We study the propagation dynamics of a single pair of probe and coupling laser pulses in a three-level cascade atomic medium by numerical solving the Maxwell-Bloch equations for atoms and fields. Influences of the pulse durations, intensity and pulse area of the coupling laser on the probe laser propagation are investigated. We found the conditions that the undistorted probe pulse in such i.e., the effect is established. Under conditions, the ground state population is trapped in a dark state. Full Text: PDF References A. Imamoglu, S.E. Harris, Lasers without inversion: interference of dressed lifetime-broadened states, Opt. Lett. 14 (1989) 1344. CrossRef K.J. Boller, A. Imamoglu, S.E. Harris, Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 2593. CrossRef A.S. Zibrov, M.D. Lukin, D.E. Nikonov, L. Hollberg, M.O. Scully, V.L. Velichansky, and H.G. Robinson, Experimental Demonstration of Laser Oscillation without Population Inversion via Quantum Interference in Rb, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) 1499. CrossRef L.V. Hau, S. E. Harris, Z. Dutton, C.H. Bejroozi, speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas, Nature, 397 (1999) 594. CrossRef L.V. Doai, D.X. Khoa, and N.H. Bang, EIT enhanced self-Kerr nonlinearity in the three-level lambda system under Doppler broadening, Phys. Scr. 90 (2015)045502. CrossRef D.X. Khoa, L.V. Doai, D.H. Son, and N.H. Bang, Enhancement of self-Kerr nonlinearity via electromagnetically induced transparency in a five-level cascade system: an analytical approach, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 31, N6 (2014), pp. 1330. CrossRef F.T. Hioe and R. Grobe, Matched Optical Solitary Waves for Three- and Five-Level Systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, (1994) 2559. CrossRef S.E. Harris and Z.F. Luo, Preparation energy for electromagnetically induced transparency, Phys. Rev. A. 52 (1995) R928. CrossRef V. G. Arkhipkin, I.V. Timofeev, Adiabatic propagation of short pulses under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency, Quantum Electronics, 30 (2000) 180. CrossRef M. Kiffner, T. N. Dey, Dynamical control of pulse propagation in electromagnetically induced transparency, Phys. Rev. A. 79 (2009) 023829. CrossRef R. Yu, J. Li, P. Huang, A. Zheng, X. Yang, Dynamic control of light propagation and optical switching through an RF-driven cascade-type atomic medium, Phys. Lett. A. 373 (2009) 2992. CrossRef E. Paspalakis,N. J. Kylstra and P. L. Knight, Propagation and nonlinear generation dynamics in a coherently prepared four-level system, Phys. Rev. A 65 (2002) 053808. CrossRef E. Ignesti, R. Buffa, L. Fini, E. Sali, M. V. Tognetti, S. Cavalieri, Controlling the propagation of broadband light pulses by Induced Transparency, Opt. Commun, 285 (2012) 1185. CrossRef P. R. Bermanand C. H. Raymond Ooi, Pulse propagation in a medium of ?-type atoms, Phys. Rev. A 86 (2012), 053812. CrossRef G. Buica, T. Nakajima, Propagation of two short laser pulse trains in a ?-type three-level medium under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency, Opt. Commun. 332 (2014) 59. CrossRef L. V. Doai, P. V. Trong, D. X. Khoa, and Ng. H. Bang, Electromagnetically induced transparency in five-level cascade scheme of 85Rb atoms: An analytical approach, Optik, 125 (2014) 3666?3669. CrossRef J.H. Eberly, Transmission of dressed fields in three-level media, Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 7 (1995) 373. CrossRef M.D. Crisp, Propagation of Small-Area Pulses of Coherent Light through a Resonant Medium, Phys. Rev. A 1 (1970) 1604. CrossRef