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arXiv:2606.24456 · Physics Letters A

Interaction-Enhanced Ergotropy in Phase-Driven Andreev Bound State Quantum Batteries

Disha Verma, B. Vigneshwar, R. Sankaranarayanan

quant-phSubmitted Jun 23, 2026• Announced Jun 24, 2026• 0 citations
v1 · Jun 23, 2026v2 · Jun 25, 2026
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate a phase-driven quantum battery composed of two interacting Andreev bound state (ABS) units, providing a minimal superconducting platform for coherent energy storage. By analyzing the ergotropy dynamics under a superconducting phase ramp, we show that the interplay between avoided-crossing excitation and interaction-induced hybridization strongly modifies the charging process. In the high-transparency regime relevant for graphene SNS junctions, the interaction enhances the stored extractable work and generates pronounced oscillatory charging dynamics associated with coherent redistribution between coupled ABS sectors. The phase-resolved evolution further reveals optimal charging windows during the Josephson cycle, indicating the possibility of phase-programmable energy extraction through partial-cycle operation. Overall, our results identify interaction-assisted avoided-crossing dynamics as a microscopic mechanism for controllable energy storage in superconducting quantum batteries.

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We investigate a phase-driven quantum battery composed of two interacting Andreev bound state (ABS) units, providing a minimal superconducting platform for coherent energy storage. By analyzing the ergotropy dynamics under a superconducting phase ramp, we show that the interplay between avoided-crossing excitation and interaction-induced hybridization strongly modifies the charging process. In the high-transparency regime relevant for graphene SNS junctions, the interaction enhances the stored extractable work and generates pronounced oscillatory charging dynamics associated with coherent redistribution between coupled ABS sectors. The phase-resolved evolution further reveals optimal charging windows during the Josephson cycle, indicating the possibility of phase-programmable energy extraction through partial-cycle operation. Overall, our results identify interaction-assisted avoided-crossing dynamics as a microscopic mechanism for controllable energy storage in superconducting quantum batteries.
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We investigate the solid-state implementation of a Dicke-like quantum battery consisting of a two-dimensional material-based Josephson junction inductively coupled to a resonator, using graphene as a representative example. In this configuration, Andreev bound states naturally act as non-interacting, energetically non-degenerate two-level systems, and the setup allows for both single-photon and two-photon resonant processes. The coupling between the LC-circuit flux and the supercurrent through the junction gives rise to peculiar longitudinal interaction terms that have no counterpart in the conventional Dicke model. We demonstrate that these additional couplings can enhance energy storage for a proper range of parameters. The proposed architecture also enables an alternative, but comparable, charging protocol that relies on tuning the superconducting phase difference across the junction.
We study the charging and work-extraction properties of a graphene-based excitonic quantum battery embedded in a driven-dissipative optical microcavity. The system consists of a pair of intervalley excitons in strained graphene, where one exciton acts as the charger and the other as the quantum battery, both coupled to a common cavity mode through a Tavis-Cummings interaction. By solving the open-system dynamics, we analyze the ergotropy as a measure of extractable work and investigate how coherent and incoherent pumping, cavity loss, and the microcavity parameter influence the charging process. Our results show that the battery exhibits a transient ergotropy peak followed by relaxation to a steady state, with the maximum extractable work strongly controlled by the light-matter coupling strength. The study reveals an optimal regime for efficient charging and demonstrates the role of cavity engineering in enhancing work storage in excitonic quantum batteries.
Environmental dissipation and thermal fluctuations fundamentally constrain the extractable work and long-time stability of open quantum batteries. To mitigate dissipation-induced energy degradation without external driving protocols, we propose a cavity-mediated hybrid quantum battery coupled to an auxiliary coherent qubit. Using the Lindblad master equation and ergotropy analysis, we show that coherent interference between different interaction channels generates a decoherence-free-like invariant subspace that suppresses relaxation-induced energy leakage and stabilizes the steady-state ergotropy. The resulting protection mechanism remains effective under strong dissipation and finite-temperature conditions, indicating that interference-assisted coherent control may provide a feasible strategy for robust quantum energy storage in nonequilibrium open systems.