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arXiv:2606.22127

Emergence of Boolean Facts from Markovian Coarse-Graining in Relational Quantum Causal Processes

Yipeng Xu

quant-phgr-qcmath-phSubmitted Jun 20, 2026• Announced Jun 23, 2026• 0 citations• Revised Jul 3, 2026 (v2)
v1 · Jun 20, 2026v2 · Jul 3, 2026
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Abstract

We formulate an operator-algebraic mechanism by which exact Boolean records can arise from local completely positive quantum operations without being imposed as microscopic structure. The kinematic input is an algebraic process functional assigning probabilities to local normal completely positive operations in a finite operational context. From the predual response of a target algebra to source interventions, relative to a background strategy class, we define an influence algebra; exact events are then, by definition, the projections in its center. The dynamical question is whether nontrivial centers can be generated by coarse-graining rather than inserted through split-record laboratories. We address this question using state-preserving normal unital completely positive coarse-graining channels. If the Cesaro means of such a channel converge to a Choi-Effros infrared range and the range is asymptotically abelian in the GNS seminorm, then the represented infrared algebra is a commutative von Neumann algebra. Its projection lattice is therefore a complete Boolean algebra. We also give a finite-sector block-primitive criterion, motivated by locality and scrambling, which implies this asymptotic abelianness with exponential suppression of off-sector coherences and intra-sector fluctuations. The result is a conservative mathematical statement: classical facts are not identified with arbitrary projections of a Type-III local algebra, but with central projections selected by an asymptotically abelian completely positive infrared limit.

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Relational quantum causal processes formulate finite operational contexts as normal positive functionals on local completely positive maps. Response differences generate an influence algebra, and its central projections define jointly readable Boolean events. We develop this starting point through a sequence of exact and controlled models. Fresh-environment unitary collision circuits produce dephasing-exchange kinetics with an exact charge-center fixed algebra, a uniform finite-step limit at fixed response order, and graph-controlled metastable Markov dynamics. An absorbing-state model exhibits a sharp transition between non-Abelian quantum memory and Boolean records. A reversal-covariant defect dynamics generates a locally finite partial order on a restricted graph family without assuming a Lyapunov time. Conditional on a certified order, a positive additive record measure, compactness, and identifiability, we prove subsequential convergence to a Lorentzian metric-measure space, finite reconstruction bounds, and uniqueness of admissible smooth limits. Complementary finite regulators provide controlled tests of modular-to-boost response, null tomography, same-update variational identities, induced quadratic gravity, and compatible common-refinement limits. These results are exact or controlled within their stated models, but they do not yet constitute a single background-independent microscopic law that jointly generates adjacency, time, volume normalization, dimension, signature, nonlinear Einstein constraints, and quantum matter. We therefore present RQCP-QG as a theorem-indexed framework that separates established mechanisms, conditional compositions, and open assumptions.

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This work proposes a conceptual framework for connecting quantum closure structures, local observation, fine-grained binary records, and conventional binary coarse-graining. At the binary level, the framework introduces a structural representation distinct from ordinary ordered binary notation. The states 00, 11, and \{01,10\} are first grouped into three basic relational classes. Adding a positive/reverse distinction produces six states. Assigning one of four source labels, A, B, C, or D, to each of the two binary positions further generates 3\times2\times4\times4=96 labeled structural states. These 96 states are interpreted as a fine-grained record space rather than as 96 new conventional binary values. A separate quantum-level hypothesis is then introduced. In this candidate model, externally observed quantum values 0 and 1 are associated with complementary internal closure structures represented as 01 and 10. The labels A,B,C,D refer to four correlated positions or orientations within a single closed structure rather than to independent binary labels. Local observation of such a structure may yield source-labeled outcomes such as 0^A or 1^B. Repeated local observations generate source-labeled binary sequences, while conventional binary representation is obtained after discarding source, orientation, and positive/reverse information. The framework distinguishes microscopic structural complementarity from macroscopic statistical balance. A closed microscopic structure may be exactly complementary, while short binary observation sequences may still contain arbitrary local concentrations such as 0000 or 1111. Under symmetric and unbiased sampling conditions, long-run binary statistics may approach balance without requiring local balance at every observation step. The work also introduces a dual-projection viewpoint. The same underlying binary object can be represented through different observational rules. Conventional ordered observation yields the familiar four states 00,01,10,11, whereas relational observation yields the three classes 00, 11, and \{01,10\}, which may then be refined into the 3\rightarrow6\rightarrow96 hierarchy. These descriptions are treated as different coarse-grainings or projections of the same underlying object rather than as mutually exclusive binary systems. The 3\rightarrow6\rightarrow96 construction is presented here as a formally defined representational structure. By contrast, the proposed quantum 01/10 internal closure, the physical meaning of the A,B,C,D orientations, and any claimed quantum-to-binary correspondence remain hypotheses requiring mathematical formalization and experimental testing. Future work will focus on formal mathematical modeling, exhaustive state analysis, numerical simulation, comparison with standard quantum-mechanical predictions, falsifiable experimental protocols, and possible applications in quantum readout, feedback control, error diagnosis, and information processing. Version v0.1 is intended to establish a time-stamped record of the original hypothesis, definitions, conceptual boundaries, and research roadmap. It does not claim experimental confirmation of the proposed internal quantum structure.

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Questions about quantum measurement are often collected under the umbrella term “the measurement problem,” which conflates record-bearing structure, fine-event actuality, and statistical weighting into a single explanatory task. This paper separates those roles through a reduction–reconstruction strategy with two structural results. First, Born weighting is suspended and the physically defined record architecture is maximally coarse-grained to the distinction between non‑record‑bearing and record‑bearing sectors. After an ideal measurement interaction, the final state may lie entirely in the record-bearing sector, establishing sharp coarse record-sector support without selecting any fine-grained event. Restoring physically meaningful record resolution preserves that coarse truth while enlarging the represented question space: whenever the same postmeasurement state has support in more than one distinguishable fine sector, no occupied fine sector contains the global state. The single-event question therefore appears not through failure of coarse dynamics, but through successful coarse dynamics followed by finer physical resolution. Second, the paper asks what could genuinely supply the missing fine-event specification. Relative to a theory‑relative completed standard-description map D̄, a deterministic actuality map X̄ is already determined by the completed description exactly when X̄ = G ∘ D̄ for some G. Non‑injectivity of D̄ alone is insufficient for actuality underdetermination; the decisive obstruction is variation of X̄ within a fiber. Failure of factorization signals the need for residual run‑level information beyond the completed standard description, whereas factorization eliminates that informational need without implying that the candidate law G is part of standard quantum theory. Stochastic completions may instead add an independently specified law of event occurrence. Probability is then restored as an empirical reconstruction constraint: admissible completions must recover the Born distribution, preserve cross‑resolution consistency, and, where applicable, reproduce protocol‑level registered‑history laws. The result is a structural separation among record‑sector support, fine‑event actuality, Born weighting, and registration, without selecting a preferred interpretation or proposing an actuality mechanism. This is version 1.0 of the manuscript.

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We formulate an operator-algebraic mechanism by which exact Boolean records can arise from local completely positive quantum operations without being imposed as microscopic structure. The kinematic input is an algebraic process functional assigning probabilities to local normal completely positive operations in a finite operational context. From the predual response of a target algebra to source interventions, relative to a background strategy class, we define an influence algebra; exact events are then, by definition, the projections in its center. The dynamical question is whether nontrivial centers can be generated by coarse-graining rather than inserted through split-record laboratories. We address this question using state-preserving normal unital completely positive coarse-graining channels. If the Cesaro means of such a channel converge to a Choi-Effros infrared range and the range is asymptotically abelian in the GNS seminorm, then the represented infrared algebra is a commutative von Neumann algebra. Its projection lattice is therefore a complete Boolean algebra. We also give a finite-sector block-primitive criterion, motivated by locality and scrambling, which implies this asymptotic abelianness with exponential suppression of off-sector coherences and intra-sector fluctuations. The result is a conservative mathematical statement: classical facts are not identified with arbitrary projections of a Type-III local algebra, but with central projections selected by an asymptotically abelian completely positive infrared limit.
Relational quantum causal processes formulate finite operational contexts as normal positive functionals on local completely positive maps. Response differences generate an influence algebra, and its central projections define jointly readable Boolean events. We develop this starting point through a sequence of exact and controlled models. Fresh-environment unitary collision circuits produce dephasing-exchange kinetics with an exact charge-center fixed algebra, a uniform finite-step limit at fixed response order, and graph-controlled metastable Markov dynamics. An absorbing-state model exhibits a sharp transition between non-Abelian quantum memory and Boolean records. A reversal-covariant defect dynamics generates a locally finite partial order on a restricted graph family without assuming a Lyapunov time. Conditional on a certified order, a positive additive record measure, compactness, and identifiability, we prove subsequential convergence to a Lorentzian metric-measure space, finite reconstruction bounds, and uniqueness of admissible smooth limits. Complementary finite regulators provide controlled tests of modular-to-boost response, null tomography, same-update variational identities, induced quadratic gravity, and compatible common-refinement limits. These results are exact or controlled within their stated models, but they do not yet constitute a single background-independent microscopic law that jointly generates adjacency, time, volume normalization, dimension, signature, nonlinear Einstein constraints, and quantum matter. We therefore present RQCP-QG as a theorem-indexed framework that separates established mechanisms, conditional compositions, and open assumptions.
This work proposes a conceptual framework for connecting quantum closure structures, local observation, fine-grained binary records, and conventional binary coarse-graining. At the binary level, the framework introduces a structural representation distinct from ordinary ordered binary notation. The states 00, 11, and \{01,10\} are first grouped into three basic relational classes. Adding a positive/reverse distinction produces six states. Assigning one of four source labels, A, B, C, or D, to each of the two binary positions further generates 3\times2\times4\times4=96 labeled structural states. These 96 states are interpreted as a fine-grained record space rather than as 96 new conventional binary values. A separate quantum-level hypothesis is then introduced. In this candidate model, externally observed quantum values 0 and 1 are associated with complementary internal closure structures represented as 01 and 10. The labels A,B,C,D refer to four correlated positions or orientations within a single closed structure rather than to independent binary labels. Local observation of such a structure may yield source-labeled outcomes such as 0^A or 1^B. Repeated local observations generate source-labeled binary sequences, while conventional binary representation is obtained after discarding source, orientation, and positive/reverse information. The framework distinguishes microscopic structural complementarity from macroscopic statistical balance. A closed microscopic structure may be exactly complementary, while short binary observation sequences may still contain arbitrary local concentrations such as 0000 or 1111. Under symmetric and unbiased sampling conditions, long-run binary statistics may approach balance without requiring local balance at every observation step. The work also introduces a dual-projection viewpoint. The same underlying binary object can be represented through different observational rules. Conventional ordered observation yields the familiar four states 00,01,10,11, whereas relational observation yields the three classes 00, 11, and \{01,10\}, which may then be refined into the 3\rightarrow6\rightarrow96 hierarchy. These descriptions are treated as different coarse-grainings or projections of the same underlying object rather than as mutually exclusive binary systems. The 3\rightarrow6\rightarrow96 construction is presented here as a formally defined representational structure. By contrast, the proposed quantum 01/10 internal closure, the physical meaning of the A,B,C,D orientations, and any claimed quantum-to-binary correspondence remain hypotheses requiring mathematical formalization and experimental testing. Future work will focus on formal mathematical modeling, exhaustive state analysis, numerical simulation, comparison with standard quantum-mechanical predictions, falsifiable experimental protocols, and possible applications in quantum readout, feedback control, error diagnosis, and information processing. Version v0.1 is intended to establish a time-stamped record of the original hypothesis, definitions, conceptual boundaries, and research roadmap. It does not claim experimental confirmation of the proposed internal quantum structure.
Measurement outcomes are not postulated as an external collapse rule. They arise as effective center splitting of a noncommutative observable algebra un der apparatus coupling, environmental decoherence, and finite-resolution coarse graining. The mathematical tools are standard: conditional expectations in operator algebras, POVM/instrument formalism in quantum operations, and environment-induced superselection in decoherence theory. The new contribu tion is to organize these tools into a center-splitting theorem: if a measurement dynamics converges to a statistics-preserving conditional expectation E : A → Aeff and if Z(Aeff) = ⊕ α CPα is nontrivial, then recordable measurement outcomes are labeled by the mini mal central projections Pα, the Born probabilities are pα = ω(Pα), and the conditional states are ωα(a) = ω(PαaPα) ω(Pα) . A general POVM is interpreted as a finite-resolution representation of coarse grained central projections; continuous-spectrum measurements correspond to centralization of spectral measures over finite resolution windows. The paper also proves a no-go lemma: if the effective algebra remains a factor with trivial center, then no stable, copyable, objective classical record exists. Finally, the paper explains how this framework relates to neck-algebra selection, K-flow, and three-step condensation; those dynamical generation mechanisms are not prerequisites for the present proof.
The formulation of quantum measurements compatible with relativistic causality is obstructed by the tension between the locality of observable algebras and the dynamical state transformations induced by measurement processes. We develop a local measurement theory for quantum cellular automata, lattices of finite-dimensional quantum systems with a causal reversible dynamics evolving in discrete time steps. Measurement processes are described by localized completely positive maps and organized into operational measurement protocols, finite non-adaptive sequences of local instruments distributed across the causal cone induced by the automaton local dynamics. Each protocol induces an effective measurement on the initial time slice, whose support is constrained by the causal structure generated by the automaton. Non-local measurement effects therefore arise through causal propagation and composition of local operations, rather than from primitive non-local interventions or instantaneous collapse prescriptions. We establish the corresponding spatial support bounds and characterize the resulting measurement architecture. As an explicit example, we construct a two-step protocol for a one-dimensional nearest-neighbour qubit automaton which, for suitable automaton parameters, realizes a Bell-basis projective measurement on two neighbouring sites after coarse-graining of the local outcomes. Away from this point, the same protocol generates a continuous family of deformed Bell measurements whose entanglement and stabilizer Rényi non-classicality can be quantified explicitly. The framework thus provides a causally consistent operator-algebraic mechanism for synthesizing spatially extended quantum measurements from strictly local operations.
Questions about quantum measurement are often collected under the umbrella term “the measurement problem,” which conflates record-bearing structure, fine-event actuality, and statistical weighting into a single explanatory task. This paper separates those roles through a reduction–reconstruction strategy with two structural results. First, Born weighting is suspended and the physically defined record architecture is maximally coarse-grained to the distinction between non‑record‑bearing and record‑bearing sectors. After an ideal measurement interaction, the final state may lie entirely in the record-bearing sector, establishing sharp coarse record-sector support without selecting any fine-grained event. Restoring physically meaningful record resolution preserves that coarse truth while enlarging the represented question space: whenever the same postmeasurement state has support in more than one distinguishable fine sector, no occupied fine sector contains the global state. The single-event question therefore appears not through failure of coarse dynamics, but through successful coarse dynamics followed by finer physical resolution. Second, the paper asks what could genuinely supply the missing fine-event specification. Relative to a theory‑relative completed standard-description map D̄, a deterministic actuality map X̄ is already determined by the completed description exactly when X̄ = G ∘ D̄ for some G. Non‑injectivity of D̄ alone is insufficient for actuality underdetermination; the decisive obstruction is variation of X̄ within a fiber. Failure of factorization signals the need for residual run‑level information beyond the completed standard description, whereas factorization eliminates that informational need without implying that the candidate law G is part of standard quantum theory. Stochastic completions may instead add an independently specified law of event occurrence. Probability is then restored as an empirical reconstruction constraint: admissible completions must recover the Born distribution, preserve cross‑resolution consistency, and, where applicable, reproduce protocol‑level registered‑history laws. The result is a structural separation among record‑sector support, fine‑event actuality, Born weighting, and registration, without selecting a preferred interpretation or proposing an actuality mechanism. This is version 1.0 of the manuscript.
We develop a deterministic Hamiltonian route to finite-dimensional quantum mechanics as an infrareduniversality class. A stable real canonical system with a gapped positive-frequency sector admits a slow complexenvelope; resonant normal-form reduction produces an emergent U(1) action, fixing the projective state space toCP^(d-1), while quadratic moment maps generate u(d) and unitary infrared dynamics. The normalized positivequadratic effect gives the Born functional, and explicit Liouville first-passage/branch constructions providedeterministic single outcomes. Composite phase-space quantization yields the standard tensor-product quantumkinematics and singlet Bell correlations; deterministic Bell completion is necessarily relational rather than Belllocal. The present revision sharpens the microscopic claims. Geometric quantization of the fundamentalprojective representation selects the primitive action I0 = hbar. The scalar deformation g6(psi^dagger psi)^3 is aU(d)-singlet and produces no nontrivial Bell harmonic on the projective orbit. A genuine rank-3 moment-mapchannel would instead produce a P3(a dot b) correction with coefficient -R g3^2/(160 Omega3^2). Finally, literalmicroscopic UV uniqueness is shown to be underdetermined by operational data: invisible off-manifolddeformations and continuous families of autonomous relay realizations remain. The physically meaningfulmicroscopic target is therefore an operational equivalence class, with any stronger uniqueness claim requiringan additional UV selection principle. The paper also examines the primitive action scale and the microscopic completion. Compact symplectictopology gives an integral quantization condition and identifies the primitive sector I0 = hbar once that sector isselected. The microscopic relational construction uses an independent auxiliary doublet because the carriersector alone cannot supply the required composite relational structure. The resulting mechanisms close theeffective DQM construction while leaving the logically distinct empirical question of whether Nature is actuallydeterministic Hamiltonian mechanics.