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arXiv:2604.19621

Efficient optimisation of multi-parameter quantum control protocols for strongly-coupled systems

Sion Meredith, Oliver Dudgeon, Wojciech Bukalski, Alistair J. Brash, Harry J. D. Miller, Thomas J. Elliott, Jake Iles-Smith

quant-phSubmitted Apr 21, 2026• Announced Apr 22, 2026• 0 citations
v1 · Apr 21, 2026v2 · Jul 21, 2026
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Abstract

Achieving high-fidelity control in the presence of strong non-Markovian noise is critical for the optimization of emergent solid-state quantum devices. We present a highly efficient optimization framework that combines automatic differentiation with the non-Markovian uniTEMPO algorithm, enabling direct gradient-based optimization of complex objective functions. We apply this method to semiconductor quantum dots, optimizing multi-pulse excitation schemes: specifically Swing-UP of a Quantum EmmiteR (SUPER) and Floquet-engineered Two-Photon Excitation (FTPE) for single- and bi-exciton generation. Our approach yields high preparation fidelities within experimentally accessible parameter regimes. By integrating adiabatic rapid passage (ARP), we systematically enhance both SUPER and FTPE, demonstrating that these optimized protocols consistently outperform standard resonant pi-pulses and two-photon excitation. Notably, this performance gap widens at elevated temperatures, establishing the superior thermal robustness of our optimized multi-pulse strategies for real-world quantum hardware.

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Achieving high-fidelity control in the presence of strong non-Markovian noise is critical for the optimization of emergent solid-state quantum devices. We present a highly efficient optimization framework that combines automatic differentiation with the non-Markovian uniTEMPO algorithm, enabling direct gradient-based optimization of complex objective functions. We apply this method to semiconductor quantum dots, optimizing multi-pulse excitation schemes: specifically Swing-UP of a Quantum EmmiteR (SUPER) and Floquet-engineered Two-Photon Excitation (FTPE) for single- and bi-exciton generation. Our approach yields high preparation fidelities within experimentally accessible parameter regimes. By integrating adiabatic rapid passage (ARP), we systematically enhance both SUPER and FTPE, demonstrating that these optimized protocols consistently outperform standard resonant pi-pulses and two-photon excitation. Notably, this performance gap widens at elevated temperatures, establishing the superior thermal robustness of our optimized multi-pulse strategies for real-world quantum hardware.
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A central challenge for implementing quantum computing in the solid state is decoupling the qubits from the intrinsic noise of the material. We investigate the implementation of quantum gates for a paradigmatic, non-Markovian model: a single-qubit coupled to a two-level system that is exposed to a heat bath. We systematically search for optimal pulses using a generalization of the novel open systems gradient ascent pulse engineering algorithm. Next to the known optimal bias point of this model, there are optimal pulses which lead to high-fidelity quantum operations for a wide range of decoherence parameters.
We describe an optimal-control strategy designed to accelerate the dissipative preparation of complex, highly entangled quantum many-body states. Analogous to optimal steering of isolated quantum systems, our scheme identifies control pulses that guide the evolution of open quantum systems along trajectories of instantaneous steady states while minimizing leakage resulting from non-adiabatic transitions. In many cases of interest, these control parameters can be derived analytically and without the need for computationally expensive numerical simulations of the full many-body master equation. We apply this technique for the preparation of bi- and multipartite entangled states in qubit systems coupled to a common photonic waveguide or a distributed squeezed reservoir. In both scenarios, our optimal-control strategy significantly outperforms the bare relaxation dynamics after a quench, reducing preparation times of near-maximally entangled states by orders of magnitude. This drastic speedup makes dissipative entanglement distribution protocols compatible with high-fidelity quantum information processing applications and illustrates more broadly the potential of leakage minimization for accelerating reservoir-engineering schemes.
It is demonstrated how the exciton and the biexciton state of a quantum dot can be prepared with high fidelity on a picosecond time scale by driving the dot with a strong laser pulse that is tuned above the exciton resonance for exciton preparation and in resonance with the exciton transition for biexciton preparation. The proposed protocols make use of the phonon-induced relaxation towards photon dressed states in optically driven quantum dots and combine the simplicity of traditional Rabi oscillation schemes with the robustness of adiabatic rapid passage schemes. Our protocols allow for an on-demand, fast, and almost perfect state preparation even at strong carrier-phonon interaction where other schemes fail. In fact, the performance of the presented protocols is shown to be better the stronger the carrier-phonon interaction is.
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