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arXiv:2604.16210

Preparation and detection of quasiparticles for quantum simulations of scattering

Mattia Morgavi, Peter Majcen, Marco Rigobello, Simone Montangero, Pietro Silvi

quant-phhep-latSubmitted Apr 17, 2026• Announced Apr 20, 2026• 0 citations
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Abstract

We introduce a method for the selective preparation and detection of quasiparticle wave packets, based on creation operators that generate dressed, localized excitations on top of interacting vacua of (quasi-)one-dimensional quantum lattice theories. This method exploits maximally localized Wannier functions (MLWFs) constructed from quasiparticle bands at intermediate system sizes, enabling the construction of unitary local dressed creation operators. The algorithm allows for species-resolved wave-packet preparation and detection, enabling the separation of known quasiparticle contributions from unknown resonances. We test this approach with matrix product states (MPS) on pure hardcore Hamiltonian QCD on a ladder lattice, detecting scattering outputs and mass resonances.

Comments
24 Pages, 12 Figures, 2 Tables

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We present a framework for efficiently preparing meson wave packets for a lattice gauge theory on quantum devices. The method is demonstrated using a (1+1)D Z2 lattice gauge theory coupled to Kogut-Susskind staggered fermions as a testbed. Our approach systematically constructs mesonic excitations on top of the ground state with well-defined momentum. Using a quantum subspace expansion approach with a symmetry-preserving basis, we obtain explicit operators for creating such excitations, which in turn allow us to construct localized wave packets. By simulating the scattering process of two meson wave packets with Tensor Network States, we identify both elastic and inelastic scattering processes during the dynamics. In addition, we also provide a resource-efficient decomposition for the operators creating mesonic wave packets into elementary quantum gates, thus enabling quantum simulation of meson scattering in the (1+1)D Z2 lattice gauge theory.