A future quantum internet brings promising applications related to security, privacy and enabling distributed quantum computing. Integration of these concepts into the future trends of the automotive sector is of considerable interest, as it enables both the development of practical quantum internet use cases and the adoption of innovative technologies in the automotive sector. In this work we analyze cross-platform megatrends in both the quantum internet and the automotive industry, identifying mutually beneficial regions of interest. In the short-term ($<10$ years) hardware miniaturization and automation of quantum internet technology provides a synergy interface between the two domains. For the long-term ($\geq10$ years) we develop a comprehensive list of use cases for the quantum internet within the automotive sector. We find considerable relevancy of augmenting autonomous driving, vehicle ad hoc networks and sensor fusion with blind quantum computing, anonymous transmission and quantum cryptographic tools. These results can be used to target future research, engineering and venture developments for both domains. Furthermore, our approach can be applied to other industries, enabling a structured methodology for identifying and developing feasible use cases for the quantum internet in diverse domains.
A future quantum internet brings promising applications related to security, privacy and enabling distributed quantum computing. Integration of these concepts into the future trends of the automotive sector is of considerable interest, as it enables both the development of practical quantum internet use cases and the adoption of innovative technologies in the automotive sector. In this work we analyze cross-platform megatrends in both the quantum internet and the automotive industry, identifying mutually beneficial regions of interest. In the short-term (<10 years) hardware miniaturization and automation of quantum internet technology provides a synergy interface between the two domains. For the long-term (≥10 years) we develop a comprehensive list of use cases for the quantum internet within the automotive sector. We find considerable relevancy of augmenting autonomous driving, vehicle ad hoc networks and sensor fusion with blind quantum computing, anonymous transmission and quantum cryptographic tools. These results can be used to target future research, engineering and venture developments for both domains. Furthermore, our approach can be applied to other industries, enabling a structured methodology for identifying and developing feasible use cases for the quantum internet in diverse domains.
The advent of quantum computers makes asymmetric cryptographic algorithms insecure and vulnerable. A promising solution to ensure the continued security attributes of confidentiality, integrity, and availability is the use of Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) algorithms. The adoption of quantum-safe algorithms takes place at a vastly different pace in different industries. In some industries, adoption processes are slow due to the required adaptation of regulations and standards. At the same time, long-lived products with non-PQC algorithms are more likely to become insecure during their lifetime. Vehicles are a prime example of long-lived products where the adoption of PQC proceeds slowly. When quantum computers are able to break relevant key lengths of asymmetric cryptography and, thus, render current vehicle systems insecure, vehicles that are developed and produced today will most likely remain in use. In this work, we provide a structured and comprehensive overview of the current migration state of PQC algorithms in the automotive area. We address use cases involving asymmetric cryptography in the automotive context that face the challenge of adapting PQC, such as internal vehicle networks, manufacturer-specific communication, and vehicle-to-everything communication. In addition, we review the standards concerning vehicle security and their relevance to PQC. Finally, we identify and discuss open research challenges regarding the adoption of PQC in the automotive domain and further steps towards quantum-safe vehicles.
Abstract Quantum computing promises to overcome computational limitations with better and faster solutions for optimization, simulation, and machine learning problems. Europe and Germany are in the process of successfully establishing research and funding programs with the objective to advance the technology’s ecosystem and industrialization, thereby ensuring digital sovereignty, security, and competitiveness. Such an ecosystem comprises hardware/software solution providers, system integrators, and users from research institutions, start-ups, and industry. The vision of the Quantum Technology and Application Consortium (QUTAC) is to establish and advance the quantum computing ecosystem, supporting the ambitious goals of the German government and various research programs. QUTAC is comprised of ten members representing different industries, in particular automotive manufacturing, chemical and pharmaceutical production, insurance, and technology. In this paper, we survey the current state of quantum computing in these sectors as well as the aerospace industry and identify the contributions of QUTAC to the ecosystem. We propose an application-centric approach for the industrialization of the technology based on proven business impact. This paper identifies 24 different use cases. By formalizing high-value use cases into well-described reference problems and benchmarks, we will guide technological progress and eventually commercialization. Our results will be beneficial to all ecosystem participants, including suppliers, system integrators, software developers, users, policymakers, funding program managers, and investors.
The great scientific and technological advances that are being carried out in the field of quantum communications, accompanied by large investment programs such as EuroQCI, are driving the deployment of quantum network throughout the world. One of the final long-term objectives is to achieve the development of a quantum internet that provides greater security in its services and new functionalities that the current internet does not have. This article analyzes the possible integration strategies of already deployed networks or in the process of being deployed in order to reach a future global quantum network. Two strategies based on the SDN paradigm are proposed, based on a hierarchical controller scheme and on a distributed model. Each of these approaches shows pros and cons and could be applicable in different use cases. To define these strategies, the most relevant deployments of quantum communications networks carried out to date has been analyzed, as well as the different approaches for a quantum network architecture and topology, and the various proposed definitions of what quantum internet is and what are the components that would make it up in an ideal scenario. Finally, several detected opportunities and challenges regarding security and technological aspects are presented.
In the past few years, quantum computers have become increasingly robust and are reaching industrial strength in terms being considered seriously for addressing real life problems. The potential of quantum computers to impact almost every industry vertical and scientific research is well documented. It is only now that this potential can be realized to a certain extent. There are several areas that quantum computing spawns including quantum machine learning, quantum simulation, quantum metrology, quantum cryptography and secure quantum communications. One of the most important applications of secure quantum communications is the quantum network. A quantum network is a complex ecosystem in quantum computing which uses numerous quantum technologies to be implemented including quantum cryptography, quantum entanglement and quantum teleportation. Given the increasing maturity in terms of the hardware required to develop the quantum network, there is a need to focus on identifying and proposing use cases for quantum networks across various industry verticals and scientific domains which may not be implementable using the current classical computing paradigm. This paper evaluates and lists the use cases and applications using the quantum networks. We focus on some of the conventional industry verticals and newer industries and scientific areas where the use cases can be proposed.
Quantum computing is at the forefront of technological progress, offering unparalleled computational power and capabilitiesthat have the potential to revolutionize a wide range of industries. The convergence of quantum computing and the Internetof Things (IoT) is reshaping the landscape of Industry 4.0, presenting exceptional opportunities for innovation andtransformation. By combining the immense computational power of quantum computing with the interconnected network ofIoT devices, there is vast potential to revolutionize data processing, analysis, and security within industrial settings.This paper delves into the profound impact of quantum computing on IoT applications in Industry 4.0, exploring how theseadvanced technologies are driving advancements in data processing, sensor technology, supply chain management, andcybersecurity. By examining the synergies between quantum computing and IoT, we uncover promising developments andchallenges that lie ahead at this dynamic intersection of cutting-edge technologies.Furthermore, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of the future of IoT devices by exploring the integration of quantumcomputing, assessing its impact on security, data processing, implementation challenges, future applications, and keyconsiderations for unlocking the full potential of this transformative partnership.
Rapid technological evolution, coupled with ever-increasing dependency on digital infrastructure, has raised challenges for securing the future of networks that are unprecedented in their dimensions. While quantum computing quantum computing is lurking around the corner, traditional security mechanisms become increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated cyberattacks. Quantum computing is a two-edged sword; it could revolutionize computing by solving problems way beyond the capabilities of classical computers, but at the same time, it is threatening because it could break current cryptographic systems. In order to avoid this risk, quantum-safe cryptography cryptography and innovative paradigms like blind computing have emerged as promising solutions. Blind computing blind computing has been a key privacy privacy -preserving approach, whereby data content is not disclosed even while it is being processed; it keeps data confidential even across hostile environments. The integration of quantum computing and blind computing opens up new horizons in network network security through the secure transmission of data, protection of privacy, and building resilience against cyber threats in the future. The chapter will present the basic elements of quantum computing, blind computing, and their combinations, enabling the development of secure quantum-resistant networks and protocols in order to ensure information assurance in a quantum world. It identifies use cases and industrial applications of those current threats and associated countermeasures and gives pointers for future research on these problems with relation to the so-called post quantum post quantum scenario. By addressing these critical advancements, the chapter aims to provide insights into 204 how to create secure and privacy-focused networks that will stand tall against the challenges of the digital landscape of tomorrow.