arXiv:2501.07395 · Physical Review A

Lifetime measurement of the 5 s 5 p 1 P 1 state in strontium

Ivana Puljić, A. Cipris, Damir Aumiler, Ticijana Ban, Neven Šantić

Published Mar 11, 2025• 3 citations

Abstract

We present a direct lifetime measurement of the $5s5p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{P}_{1}$ state of strontium using time-correlated single-photon counting of laser-induced fluorescence in a hot atomic beam. To achieve fast switch-off times and a high signal-to-noise ratio, we excite the strontium atoms with a femtosecond pulsed laser at approximately 461 nm and collect the fluorescence onto a hybrid single-photon detector. Analysis of the measured exponential decay gives a lifetime of the ${}^{1}{P}_{1}$ state of $\ensuremath{\tau}=(5.216\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.{006}_{\text{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.{013}_{\text{sys}})$ ns, where all the systematic effects have been thoroughly considered.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.111.032809

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arXiv:2501.07395 · Physical Review A

Lifetime measurement of the 5 s 5 p 1 P 1 state in strontium

Ivana Puljić, A. Cipris, Damir Aumiler, Ticijana Ban, Neven Šantić

Published Mar 11, 2025• 3 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

We present a direct lifetime measurement of the

5s5p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{P}_{1}

state of strontium using time-correlated single-photon counting of laser-induced fluorescence in a hot atomic beam. To achieve fast switch-off times and a high signal-to-noise ratio, we excite the strontium atoms with a femtosecond pulsed laser at approximately 461 nm and collect the fluorescence onto a hybrid single-photon detector. Analysis of the measured exponential decay gives a lifetime of the

{}^{1}{P}_{1}

state of

\ensuremath{\tau}=(5.216\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.{006}_{\text{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.{013}_{\text{sys}})

ns, where all the systematic effects have been thoroughly considered.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.111.032809

Related papers

Measurement of the lifetime of the atomic cesium 5^2D_5/2 state with diode-laser excitation

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arXiv:physics/0412073Physical Review AJun 22, 200518 citations

We present a direct lifetime measurement of the

5s5p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{P}_{1}

{}^{1}{P}_{1}

state of

\ensuremath{\tau}=(5.216\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.{006}_{\text{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.{013}_{\text{sys}})

ns, where all the systematic effects have been thoroughly considered.

We provide a detailed description of our fast-beam laser lifetime measurements in atomic cesium. Selective excitation of the neutral

{}^{133}\mathrm{Cs}

6p{}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

and

6p{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}

states is accomplished with resonant diode laser light directed transversely to the atomic velocity. The in-flight decay of the excited-state fluorescence is observed with a position-correlated single photon-counting detector. The Doppler-shifted

6p{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}

resonance, when probed with longitudinally propagating laser radiation, provides a precise means for determination of the beam velocity, and converts the position scale to a time scale. Our lifetime results are $35.07\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.10 \mathrm{ns}$ for the

6p{}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

state and $30.57\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07 \mathrm{ns}$ for the

6p{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}

state. These results represent a data set larger than in our previous work, and include beam divergence corrections which have been evaluated by two different methods. We present comparisons of our results with previous measurements and with relativistic many-body calculations of atomic transition matrix elements in this neutral alkali system.

We measure the lifetime of the cesium

5^{2}D_{5/2}

state using a time-resolved single-photon-counting method. We excite atoms in a hot vapor cell via an electric quadrupole transition at a wavelength of 685 nm and record the fluorescence of a cascade decay at a wavelength of 852 nm. We extract a lifetime of

1353(5)

ns for the

5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}

state, in agreement with a recent theoretical prediction. In particular, the observed lifetime is consistent with the literature values of the polarizabilities of the cesium

6P

states. Our measurement contributes to resolving a long-standing disagreement between a number of experimental and theoretical results.

We present lifetime measurements of the

5{D}_{3∕2}

and

5{D}_{5∕2}

states of rubidium using the time-correlated single-photon-counting method. We perform the experiment in a magneto-optical trap of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

atoms using a two-step excitation with the trap laser at

780\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

as the first step. We record the

761.9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

fluorescence from the decay of the

5{D}_{3∕2}

state to the

5{P}_{1∕2}

state, and measure the lifetime of the

5{D}_{3∕2}

state $\ensuremath{\tau}=246.3(1.6)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$. We record the

420.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

fluorescence from the cascade decay of the

5{D}_{5∕2}

state to the

5{S}_{1∕2}

state through the

6{P}_{3∕2}

state, and extract the lifetime of the

5{D}_{5∕2}

state $\ensuremath{\tau}=238.5(2.3)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$.

We present a precise measurement of the lifetime of the

6p\text{ }{^{2}P}_{1/2}^{o}

excited state of a single trapped ytterbium ion

({\text{Yb}}^{+})

. A time-correlated single-photon counting technique is used, where ultrafast pulses excite the ion and the emitted photons are coupled into a single-mode optical fiber. By performing the measurement on a single atom with fast excitation and excellent spatial filtering, we are able to eliminate common systematics. The lifetime of the

6p\text{ }{^{2}P}_{1/2}^{o}

state is measured to be $8.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02\text{ }\text{ns}$, in good agreement with previous experimental measurements and some theoretical values.

We measure the lifetime of the

8s

level of

^{210}\mathrm{Fr}

atoms on a magneto-optically trapped sample with time-correlated single-photon counting. The

7{P}_{1∕2}

state serves as the resonant intermediate level for two-step excitation of the

8s

level completed with a $1.3\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ laser. Analysis of the fluorescence decay through the

7{P}_{3∕2}

level gives $53.30\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.44\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$ for the

8s

level lifetime.