arXiv:0811.4010 · Physical Review A

Lifetime measurements of the 5d states of rubidium

D. Sheng, A. Pérez Galván, Luis A. Orozco

Published Dec 15, 2008• 74 citations

Abstract

We present lifetime measurements of the $5{D}_{3∕2}$ and $5{D}_{5∕2}$ states of rubidium using the time-correlated single-photon-counting method. We perform the experiment in a magneto-optical trap of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms using a two-step excitation with the trap laser at $780\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ as the first step. We record the $761.9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ fluorescence from the decay of the $5{D}_{3∕2}$ state to the $5{P}_{1∕2}$ state, and measure the lifetime of the $5{D}_{3∕2}$ state $\ensuremath{\tau}=246.3(1.6)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$. We record the $420.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ fluorescence from the cascade decay of the $5{D}_{5∕2}$ state to the $5{S}_{1∕2}$ state through the $6{P}_{3∕2}$ state, and extract the lifetime of the $5{D}_{5∕2}$ state $\ensuremath{\tau}=238.5(2.3)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.78.062506

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arXiv:0811.4010 · Physical Review A

Lifetime measurements of the 5d states of rubidium

D. Sheng, A. Pérez Galván, Luis A. Orozco

Published Dec 15, 2008• 74 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

We present lifetime measurements of the

5{D}_{3∕2}

and

5{D}_{5∕2}

states of rubidium using the time-correlated single-photon-counting method. We perform the experiment in a magneto-optical trap of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

atoms using a two-step excitation with the trap laser at

780\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

as the first step. We record the

761.9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

fluorescence from the decay of the

5{D}_{3∕2}

state to the

5{P}_{1∕2}

state, and measure the lifetime of the

5{D}_{3∕2}

state

\ensuremath{\tau}=246.3(1.6)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}

. We record the

420.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

fluorescence from the cascade decay of the

5{D}_{5∕2}

state to the

5{S}_{1∕2}

state through the

6{P}_{3∕2}

state, and extract the lifetime of the

5{D}_{5∕2}

state

\ensuremath{\tau}=238.5(2.3)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.78.062506

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Physical Review AApr 1, 199895 citations

We present lifetime measurements of the

5{D}_{3∕2}

and

5{D}_{5∕2}

states of rubidium using the time-correlated single-photon-counting method. We perform the experiment in a magneto-optical trap of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

atoms using a two-step excitation with the trap laser at

780\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

as the first step. We record the

761.9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

fluorescence from the decay of the

5{D}_{3∕2}

state to the

5{P}_{1∕2}

state, and measure the lifetime of the

5{D}_{3∕2}

state

\ensuremath{\tau}=246.3(1.6)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}

. We record the

420.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

fluorescence from the cascade decay of the

5{D}_{5∕2}

state to the

5{S}_{1∕2}

state through the

6{P}_{3∕2}

state, and extract the lifetime of the

5{D}_{5∕2}

state

\ensuremath{\tau}=238.5(2.3)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}

We present a lifetime measurement of the

6s

level of rubidium. We use a time-correlated single-photon counting technique on two different samples of rubidium atoms, a vapor cell with variable rubidium density, and a sample of atoms confined and cooled in a magneto-optical trap. The

5{P}_{1∕2}

level serves as the resonant intermediate step for the two-step excitation to the

6s

level. We detect the decay of the

6s

level through the cascade fluorescence of the

5{P}_{3∕2}

level at 780 nm. The two samples have different systematic effects, but we obtain consistent results that averaged give a lifetime of $45.57\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.17\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$.

We present lifetime measurements of the

{7D}_{3/2}

and

{7D}_{5/2}

levels of Fr. We use a time-correlated single-photon counting technique on a sample of

{}^{210}\mathrm{Fr}

atoms confined and cooled in a magneto-optical trap. The upper state of the

{7P}_{3/2}

trapping transition serves as the resonant intermediate level for two-photon excitation of the

7D

states. A probe laser provides the second step of the excitation, and we detect the decay of the atomic fluorescence. Our measurements help extend the knowledge of this class of atomic wave functions in which correlation effects are very significant. We measure lifetimes of $73.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3 \mathrm{ns}$ and $67.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.9 \mathrm{ns}$ for the

{7D}_{3/2}

and

{7D}_{5/2}

levels, respectively.

We measure the lifetime of the

8s

level of

^{210}\mathrm{Fr}

atoms on a magneto-optically trapped sample with time-correlated single-photon counting. The

7{P}_{1∕2}

state serves as the resonant intermediate level for two-step excitation of the

8s

level completed with a $1.3\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ laser. Analysis of the fluorescence decay through the

7{P}_{3∕2}

level gives $53.30\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.44\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$ for the

8s

level lifetime.

We use time-correlated single-photon counting techniques on a sample of

^{210}\mathrm{Fr}

atoms confined and cooled in a magneto-optical trap to measure the lifetimes of the

9{S}_{1∕2},\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}8{P}_{3∕2}

, and

8{P}_{1∕2}

excited levels. We populate the

9{S}_{1∕2}

level by two-photon resonant excitation through the

7{P}_{1∕2}

level. The direct measurement of the

9{S}_{1∕2}

decay through the

7{P}_{3∕2}

level at 851 nm gives a lifetime of $107.53\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.90\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$. We observe the decay of the

9{S}_{1∕2}

level through the

8{P}_{3∕2}

level at 423 nm and the

8{P}_{1∕2}

level at 433 nm down to the

7{S}_{1∕2}

ground level, and indirectly determine the lifetimes of these to be $83.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$ and $149.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$, respectively.

We measure the lifetime of the cesium

5^{2}D_{5/2}

state using a time-resolved single-photon-counting method. We excite atoms in a hot vapor cell via an electric quadrupole transition at a wavelength of 685 nm and record the fluorescence of a cascade decay at a wavelength of 852 nm. We extract a lifetime of

1353(5)

ns for the

5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}

state, in agreement with a recent theoretical prediction. In particular, the observed lifetime is consistent with the literature values of the polarizabilities of the cesium

6P

states. Our measurement contributes to resolving a long-standing disagreement between a number of experimental and theoretical results.

We present lifetime measurements of the

{7p}^{2}{P}_{3/2}

and

{7p}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

levels of Fr. We use a time-correlated single-photon counting technique on a cold sample of

{}^{210}\mathrm{Fr}

atoms in a magneto-optic trap. We excite the atoms with the trapping and repumping beams of the magneto-optic trap and detect the decay of the atomic fluorescence. The results are a precision experimental test of the atomic many-body perturbation theory applied to the heaviest alkali metal. The lifetime results are 21.02(11) ns and 29.45(11) ns for the

{7p}^{2}{P}_{3/2}

and

{7p}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

levels, respectively. This gives a line strength ratio

{\mathcal{S}}_{1/2}

{\mathcal{S}}_{3/2}

of 0.526(3) for these levels in Fr. To study sources of systematic errors we measure the lifetimes of

{5p}^{2}{P}_{3/2}

and

{5p}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

in stable

{}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

and obtain 26.20(9) ns and 27.64(4) ns, respectively.