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arXiv:2310.20180 · Physical Review A

Coherent population transfer with polariton states in circuit QED

Madan Mohan Mahana, Sankar Davuluri, Tarak Nath Dey

Published Aug 14, 2024• 8 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) allows selective, coherent population transfer in a three-level quantum system by the adiabatic control of two suitably chosen envelopes and delayed laser pulses. However, the long operation time involved with the adiabatic protocols makes them more susceptible to decay and decoherence. A shortcut-to-adiabaticity technique, namely, counterdiabatic driving (CD), suppresses the decoherence-induced loss by speeding up the STIRAP process, thereby enhancing the efficiency and fidelity of population transfer. The superadiabatic STIRAP (saSTIRAP) method requires the application of a shortcut drive or CD pulse, which couples the coherently trapped states in a three-level quantum system. Hence, the closed-loop $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ system consisting of all electric dipole-allowed transitions is an essential requirement for saSTIRAP, which is rarely admissible in a natural atom. This paper theoretically investigates an experimentally feasible model for implementing saSTIRAP using a closed-loop $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ system with doubly dressed polariton states in a driven circuit QED system. We show a population transfer with efficiencies close to $80.75%$ and $98.10%$ with fidelities of $89.86%$ and $99.04%$ for the resonant STIRAP and saSTIRAP protocols, respectively, with experimentally feasible parameters. The efficiency of the population transfer can be further increased by improving the coherence times of the cavity and the transmon qubit. This work may be useful in designing fast, efficient quantum gates for applications in quantum technologies.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.110.023716

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•Jan 22, 2016•0 citations
The stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) allows selective, coherent population transfer in a three-level quantum system by the adiabatic control of two suitably chosen envelopes and delayed laser pulses. However, the long operation time involved with the adiabatic protocols makes them more susceptible to decay and decoherence. A shortcut-to-adiabaticity technique, namely, counterdiabatic driving (CD), suppresses the decoherence-induced loss by speeding up the STIRAP process, thereby enhancing the efficiency and fidelity of population transfer. The superadiabatic STIRAP (saSTIRAP) method requires the application of a shortcut drive or CD pulse, which couples the coherently trapped states in a three-level quantum system. Hence, the closed-loop \ensuremathΛ\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\ensuremathΛ system consisting of all electric dipole-allowed transitions is an essential requirement for saSTIRAP, which is rarely admissible in a natural atom. This paper theoretically investigates an experimentally feasible model for implementing saSTIRAP using a closed-loop \ensuremathΛ\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\ensuremathΛ system with doubly dressed polariton states in a driven circuit QED system. We show a population transfer with efficiencies close to 80.7580.75%80.75 and 98.1098.10%98.10 with fidelities of 89.8689.86%89.86 and 99.0499.04%99.04 for the resonant STIRAP and saSTIRAP protocols, respectively, with experimentally feasible parameters. The efficiency of the population transfer can be further increased by improving the coherence times of the cavity and the transmon qubit. This work may be useful in designing fast, efficient quantum gates for applications in quantum technologies.
Shortcuts to adiabaticity in various quantum systems have attracted much attention with their wide applications in quantum information processing and quantum control. In this paper, we concentrate on a stimulated Raman shortcut-to-adiabatic passage in quantum three-level systems. To implement counterdiabatic driving but without additional coupling, we first reduce the quantum three-level systems to effective two-level problems at large intermediate-level detuning, or on resonance, apply counterdiabatic driving along with the unitary transformation and eventually modify the pump and Stokes pulses for achieving fast and high-fidelity population transfer. The required laser intensity and stability against parameter variation are further discussed, to demonstrate the advantage of shortcuts to adiabaticity.
Abstract Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a widely used technique for efficient population transfer between quantum states. However, the adiabatic nature of STIRAP requires slow evolution, leading to long operation times, which limits its practical applications. The superadiabatic method has been introduced to accelerate the STIRAP process, but it often necessitates additional couplings between the initial and target states, which may not be available in the original Hamiltonian. In this work, we present a novel approach to implement superadiabatic STIRAP (sa-STIRAP) between dressed states in a three-level quantum system. By modulating the amplitude and phase of the original driving fields, the initial and target states in dressed-state space can be effectively coupled. This approach provides a practical means of realizing sa-STIRAP in experimental setups, making it convenient to accelerate adiabatic quantum state transfer.
Reaching a given target quantum state with high fidelity and fast operation speed close to the quantum limit represents an important goal in quantum information science. Here we experimentally demonstrate superadiabatic quantum driving to achieve population transfer in a three-level solid-state spin system at ambient conditions. Starting from traditional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), our approach implements superadiabatic corrections to the STIRAP Hamiltonian with several pulse shapes, including the paradigmatic Gaussian shapes and trigonometric pulse shapes that guarantee an operation speed equal to the quantum limit. It requires no intense microwave pulses or long transfer times and shows an enhanced robustness against pulse imperfections. Thereby, these results might provide a useful tool for quantum information processing and the coherent manipulation of quantum systems.
Multistate stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a process which allows for adiabatic population transfer between the two ends of a chainwise-connected quantum system. The process requires large temporal areas of the driving pulsed fields (pump and Stokes) in order to suppress the nonadiabatic couplings and thereby to make adiabatic evolution possible. To this end, in the present paper a variation of multistate STIRAP, which accelerates and improves the population transfer, is presented. In addition to the usual pump and Stokes fields it uses shortcut fields applied between the states, which form the dark state of the system. The shortcuts cancel the couplings between the dark state and the other adiabatic states thereby resulting (in the ideal case) in a unit transition probability between the two end states of the chain. Specific examples of five-state systems formed of the magnetic sublevels of the transitions between two degenerate levels with angular momenta Jg=2{J}_{g}=2Jg​=2 (of ground or lower level) and Je=1{J}_{e}=1Je​=1 or Je=2{J}_{e}=2Je​=2 (of excited or upper level) are considered in detail, for which the shortcut fields are derived analytically. The proposed method is simpler than the usual ``shortcuts to adiabaticity'' recipe, which prescribes shortcut fields between all states of the system, while the present proposal uses shortcut fields between the sublevels forming the dark state only. The results are of potential interest in applications where high-fidelity quantum control is essential, e.g., quantum information, atom optics, formation of ultracold molecules, cavity QED, etc.
Abstract Robust quantum control is essential for the development of quantum computers, which rely on precise manipulation of qubits. One form of quantum control is stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), which ordinarily is a state transfer protocol but was extended by Kis and Renzoni (2002 Phys. Rev. A 65 032318) to perform qubit rotations. Shortcut methods to adiabaticity for STIRAP have been shown to speed up adiabatic processes, beyond the adiabatic criterion, with high fidelity. Here, we apply shortcut to adiabaticity methods to the STIRAP qubit rotation scheme to improve the performance of quantum logic gates. The scheme can be implemented via direct connections between ground states in a 4-level Λ system or effective connections in a 5-level Λ system with modified pulses that implement transitionless quantum driving via the addition of a counterdiabatic driving term. We show that the extended shortcut to adiabaticity method serves to improve the fidelity of qubit rotations in the diabatic regime.
Accurate control of a quantum system is a fundamental requirement in many areas of modern science ranging from quantum information processing to high-precision measurements. A significantly important goal in quantum control is to prepare a desired state as fast as possible with sufficiently high fidelity allowed by available resources and experimental constraints. Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a robust way to realize high-fidelity state transfer but it requires a sufficiently long operation time to satisfy the adiabatic criteria. We here theoretically propose and then experimentally demonstrate a shortcut-to-adiabatic protocol to speed up the STIRAP. By modifying the shapes of the Raman pulses, we experimentally realize a fast and high-fidelity stimulated Raman shortcut-to-adiabatic passage that is robust against control parameter variations. The all-optical, robust, and fast protocol demonstrated here provides an efficient and practical way to control quantum systems.