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arXiv:2212.09124 · Nature Physics

Quantum-enhanced sensing by echoing spin-nematic squeezing in atomic Bose–Einstein condensate

Tian-Wei Mao, Qi Liu, Xinwei Li, Jiahao Cao, Feng Chen, Wen-Xin Xu, Meng Khoon Tey, Yixiao Huang, Li You

Published Aug 7, 2023• 40 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1038/s41567-023-02168-3

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Abstract We propose a simple scheme to realize the persistent spin-nematic squeezing in a spinor Bose–Einstein condensate by rapidly turning-off the external magnetic field at a time that maximal spin-nematic squeezing occurs. We observe that the optimal spin-nematic squeezing can be maintained in a nearly fixed direction. For a proper initial magnetic field, the optimal squeezing can be obviously enhanced. We further construct a spin-mixing interferometer, where the quantum correlation of the squeezed state (generated by our scheme) is fully utilized in the phase measurement, and show the phase sensitivity of the interferometer has a significant enhancement.
We study the quantum critical effect enhanced spin-nematic squeezing and quantum Fisher information (QFI) in the spin-1 dipolar atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. We show that the quantum phase transitions can improve the squeezing and QFI in the nearby regime of the critical point, and the Heisenberg-limited high-precision metrology can be obtained. The different properties of the ground squeezing and entanglement under even and odd number of atoms are further analyzed, by calculating the exact analytical expressions. We also demonstrate the squeezing and entanglement generated by the spin-mixing dynamics around the phase-transition point. It is shown that the steady squeezing and entanglement can be obtained, and the Bogoliubov approximation can well describe the dynamics of spin-nematic squeezed vacuum state.