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arXiv:2209.11853

Multiplexed control of spin quantum memories in a photonic circuit

D. Andrew Golter, Genevieve Clark, Tareq El Dandachi, Stefan Krastanov, Andrew Jay Leenheer, Noel Wan, Hamza Raniwala, Matthew Zimmermann, Mark Dong, Kevin C. Chen, Linsen Li, Matt Eichenfield, Gerald N. Gilbert, Dirk Englund

Published Sep 23, 2022• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A central goal in many quantum information processing applications is a network of quantum memories that can be entangled with each other while being individually controlled and measured with high fidelity. This goal has motivated the development of programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with integrated spin quantum memories using diamond color center spin-photon interfaces. However, this approach introduces a challenge in the microwave control of individual spins within closely packed registers. Here, we present a quantum-memory-integrated photonics platform capable of (i) the integration of multiple diamond color center spins into a cryogenically compatible, high-speed programmable PIC platform; (ii) selective manipulation of individual spin qubits addressed via tunable magnetic field gradients; and (iii) simultaneous control of multiple qubits using numerically optimized microwave pulse shaping. The combination of localized optical control, enabled by the PIC platform, together with selective spin manipulation opens the path to scalable quantum networks on intra-chip and inter-chip platforms.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2209.11853

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A central goal in many quantum information processing applications is a network of quantum memories that can be entangled with each other while being individually controlled and measured with high fidelity. This goal has motivated the development of programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with integrated spin quantum memories using diamond color center spin-photon interfaces. However, this approach introduces a challenge in the microwave control of individual spins within closely packed registers. Here, we present a quantum-memory-integrated photonics platform capable of (i) the integration of multiple diamond color center spins into a cryogenically compatible, high-speed programmable PIC platform; (ii) selective manipulation of individual spin qubits addressed via tunable magnetic field gradients; and (iii) simultaneous control of multiple qubits using numerically optimized microwave pulse shaping. The combination of localized optical control, enabled by the PIC platform, together with selective spin manipulation opens the path to scalable quantum networks on intra-chip and inter-chip platforms.
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A central goal of quantum information science is the entanglement of multiple quantum memories that can be individually controlled. Here, we discuss progress towards photonic integrated circuits designed to enable efficient optical interactions between multiple spin qubits in nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. We describe NV-nanocavity systems in the strong Purcell regime with optical quality factors approaching 10,000 and electron spin coherence times exceeding 200 μs; implantation of NVs with nanometer-scale apertures, including into cavity field maxima; hybrid on-chip networks for integration of multiple functional NV-cavity systems; and scalable integration of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors on-chip.
A central aim of quantum information processing is the efficient entanglement of multiple stationary quantum memories via photons. Recently, quantum entanglement and teleportation have been shown between two nitrogen-vacancy memories (NV)1, but scaling to larger networks requires more efficient spin-photon interfaces, using optical resonators and efficient nanophotonic collection strategies. Here, we discuss progress towards the development of on-chip photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with multiple NV quantum memories entangled via photons.
A central challenge in quantum networking is transferring quantum states between different physical modalities, such as between flying photonic qubits and stationary quantum memories. One implementation entails using spin–photon interfaces that combine solid-state spin qubits, such as color centers in diamond, with photonic nanostructures. However, while high-fidelity spin–photon interactions have been demonstrated on isolated devices, building practical quantum repeaters requires scaling to large numbers of interfaces yet to be realized. Here, we demonstrate integration of nanophotonic cavities containing tin-vacancy (SnV) centers in a photonic integrated circuit (PIC). Out of a six-channel quantum microchiplet (QMC), we find four coupled SnV-cavity devices with an average Purcell factor of ∼7. Based on system analyses and numerical simulations, we find with near-term improvements this multiplexed architecture can enable high-fidelity quantum state transfer, paving the way toward building large-scale quantum repeaters.
Optically linked solid-state quantum memories such as color centers in diamond are a promising platform for distributed quantum information processing and networking. Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have emerged as a crucial enabling technology for these systems, integrating quantum memories with efficient electrical and optical interfaces in a compact and scalable platform. Packaging these hybrid chips into deployable modules while maintaining low optical loss and resiliency to temperature cycling is a central challenge to their practical use. We demonstrate a packaging method for PICs using surface grating couplers and angle-polished fiber arrays that is robust to temperature cycling, offers scalable channel count, applies to a wide variety of PIC platforms and wavelengths, and offers pathways to automated high-throughput packaging. Using this method, we show optically and electrically packaged quantum memory modules integrating all required qubit controls on chip, operating at millikelvin temperatures with < 3dB losses achievable from fiber to quantum memory.