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arXiv:2101.09223

A Robust Coherent Single-Photon Interface for Moderate- NA Optics Based on SiV Center in Nanodiamonds and a Plasmonic Bullseye Antenna

Richard Waltrich, Hamza A. Abudayyeh, Boaz Lubotzky, E. S. Steiger, Konstantin G. Fehler, Niklas Lettner, Валерий Александрович Давыдов, V. Agafonov, Ronen Rapaport, Alexander Kubanek

Published Jan 22, 2021• 0 citations
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Abstract

Coherent exchange of single photons is at the heart of applied Quantum Optics. The negatively-charged silicon vacancy center in diamond is among most promising sources for coherent single photons. Its large Debye-Waller factor, short lifetime and extraordinary spectral stability is unique in the field of solid-state single photon sources. However, the excitation and detection of individual centers requires high numerical aperture optics which, combined with the need for cryogenic temperatures, puts technical overhead on experimental realizations. Here, we investigate a hybrid quantum photonics platform based on silicon-vacancy center in nanodiamonds and metallic bullseye antenna to realize a coherent single-photon interface that operates efficiently down to low numerical aperture optics with an inherent resistance to misalignment.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2101.09223

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Coherent exchange of single photons is at the heart of applied Quantum Optics. The negatively-charged silicon vacancy center in diamond is among most promising sources for coherent single photons. Its large Debye-Waller factor, short lifetime and extraordinary spectral stability is unique in the field of solid-state single photon sources. However, the excitation and detection of individual centers requires high numerical aperture optics which, combined with the need for cryogenic temperatures, puts technical overhead on experimental realizations. Here, we investigate a hybrid quantum photonics platform based on silicon-vacancy center in nanodiamonds and metallic bullseye antenna to realize a coherent single-photon interface that operates efficiently down to low numerical aperture optics with an inherent resistance to misalignment.
Abstract Coherent exchange of single photons is at the heart of applied quantum optics. The negatively-charged silicon vacancy center in diamond is among most promising sources for coherent single photons. Its large Debye–Waller factor, short lifetime and extraordinary spectral stability is unique in the field of solid-state single photon sources. However, the excitation and detection of individual centers requires high numerical aperture (NA) optics which, combined with the need for cryogenic temperatures, puts technical overhead on experimental realizations. Here, we investigate a hybrid quantum photonics platform based on silicon-vacancy center in nanodiamonds and metallic bullseye antenna to realize a coherent single-photon resource that operates efficiently down to low NA optics with an inherent resistance to misalignment.
The negatively charged silicon-vacancy center (SiV) in diamond is a potential high-quality single-photon source for quantum information processing and quantum electrodynamics applications[1]. The dipole moment of the SiV is aligned predominantly along its symmetry axis which connects the interstitial silicon atom and the two adjacent vacancies with 4 possible-orientations. Since the SiV addressing is done optically the demand for efficient excitation and optical out-coupling is essential for realizing high-quality single-photon sources. In addition to relatively low extraction efficiency when embedded in bulk diamond, attributed to total internal reflection, in a-oriented diamond, which is commonly used, each SiV possesses a dominant dipole component aligned normal to the diamond-air interface. Thus, resulting in a poor optical out-coupling since a dipole radiates primarily into the plane orthogonal to its axis.
Efficient coupling between quantum emitters and optical cavities is essential for scalable quantum photonic technologies. Group-IV vacancy centers in diamond, particularly the negatively charged tin-vacancy center, have emerged as promising candidates due to their spectral stability, high Debye-Waller factor, and large orbital splitting in ground states. Here, we demonstrate controlled coupling of a single negatively charged tin-vacancy center hosted in a nanodiamond to a fully tunable Fabry-Pérot microcavity. At cryogenic temperatures, we access the weak-coupling regime and observe a transition from the bad-emitter regime to the bad-cavity regime as the optical transition of the color center narrows. At 4 K, a Purcell factor exceeding 1.7 is measured, confirming cavity-enhanced emission. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of Sn − V − centers in nanodiamonds as a coherent single-photon source for quantum networks.
Efficient readout of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds is crucial for various quantum information technologies. However, achieving high-fidelity, single-shot readout at room temperature remains challenging due to limited photon collection efficiency (CE) and background noise. In this work, we enhance the readout efficiency of NV centers by integrating them into hybrid metal–dielectric bullseye nanoantennas using ultra-precise deterministic positioning. This approach enables highly directional emission while minimizing optical losses, resulting in a measured CE of ∼80% at a numerical aperture (NA) as low as 0.5 and approaching unity for NA > 0.8. This marks a substantial improvement over previous realizations using nanodiamonds, by combining hybrid nanoantennas with precise positioning. Our results mark a substantial advancement toward efficient single-shot readout of NV centers by significantly improving readout fidelity and efficiency in a simple on-chip configuration.
Arrays of identical and individually addressable qubits lay the foundation for the creation of scalable quantum hardware such as quantum processors and repeaters. Silicon vacancy centers in diamond (SiV) offer excellent physical properties such as low inhomogeneous broadening, fast photon emission, and a large Debye-Waller factor, while the possibility for all-optical ultrafast manipulation and techniques to extend the spin coherence times make them very promising candidates for qubits. Here, we have developed arrays of nanopillars containing single SiV centers with high yield, and we demonstrate ultrafast all-optical complete coherent control of the state of a single SiV center. The high quality of the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown SiV centers provides excellent spectral stability, which allows us to coherently manipulate and quasi-resonantly read out the state of individual SiV centers on picosecond timescales using ultrafast optical pulses. This work opens new opportunities towards the creation of a scalable on-chip diamond platform for quantum information processing and scalable nanophotonics applications.
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The negatively charged silicon vacancy center (SiV – ) in diamond is a promising, yet underexplored candidate for single-spin quantum sensing at sub-kelvin temperatures and tesla-range magnetic fields. A key ingredient for such applications is the ability to perform all-optical, coherent addressing of the electronic spin of near-surface SiV – centers. We present a robust and scalable approach for creating individual, ∼50 nm deep SiV – with lifetime-limited optical linewidths in diamond nanopillars through an easy-to-realize and persistent optical charge-stabilization scheme. The latter is based on single, prolonged 445 nm laser illumination that enables continuous photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy without the need for any further charge stabilization or repumping. Our results constitute a key step toward the use of near-surface, optically coherent SiV – for sensing under extreme conditions, and offer a powerful approach for stabilizing the charge-environment of diamond color centers for quantum technology applications.