arXiv:2007.15783

Suppression of Three-Body Loss Near a p-Wave Resonance Due to Quasi-1D Confinement

Andrew Marcum, Francisco Fonta, Arif Mawardi Ismail, Kenneth M. O’Hara

Published Jul 31, 2020• 3 citations

Abstract

We investigate the three-body recombination rate of a Fermi gas of $^6$Li atoms confined in quasi-1D near a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance. We confirm that the quasi-1D loss rate constant $K_3$ follows the predicted threshold scaling law that $K_3$ is energy independent on resonance, and find consistency with the scaling law $K_3 \propto (k \, a_{1D})^6$ far from resonance [Mehta et al. Phys. Rev. A 76, 022711 (2007)]. Further we develop a theory based on Breit-Wigner analysis that describes the loss feature for intermediate fields. Lastly we measure how the loss rate constant scales with transverse confinement and find that $K_3 \propto V_L^{-1}$, where $V_L$ is the lattice depth. Importantly, at our attainable transverse confinements and temperatures, we see a 74-fold suppression of the on-resonant three-body loss rate constant in quasi-1D compared to 3D. With significant further enhancement of the transverse confinement, this suppression may pave the way for realizing stable $p$-wave superfluids.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2007.15783

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arXiv:2007.15783

Suppression of Three-Body Loss Near a p-Wave Resonance Due to Quasi-1D Confinement

Andrew Marcum, Francisco Fonta, Arif Mawardi Ismail, Kenneth M. O’Hara

Published Jul 31, 2020• 3 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

We investigate the three-body recombination rate of a Fermi gas of

^6

Li atoms confined in quasi-1D near a

p

-wave Feshbach resonance. We confirm that the quasi-1D loss rate constant

K_3

follows the predicted threshold scaling law that

K_3

is energy independent on resonance, and find consistency with the scaling law

K_3 \propto (k \, a_{1D})^6

far from resonance [Mehta et al. Phys. Rev. A 76, 022711 (2007)]. Further we develop a theory based on Breit-Wigner analysis that describes the loss feature for intermediate fields. Lastly we measure how the loss rate constant scales with transverse confinement and find that

K_3 \propto V_L^{-1}

, where

V_L

is the lattice depth. Importantly, at our attainable transverse confinements and temperatures, we see a 74-fold suppression of the on-resonant three-body loss rate constant in quasi-1D compared to 3D. With significant further enhancement of the transverse confinement, this suppression may pave the way for realizing stable

p

-wave superfluids.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2007.15783

Related papers

Collisional Loss of One-Dimensional Fermions Near a p -Wave Feshbach Resonance

Ya-Ting Chang, Ruwan Senaratne, Danyel Cavazos-Cavazos +1 more

We study collisional loss of a quasi-one-dimensional spin-polarized Fermi gas near a p-wave Feshbach resonance in ultracold ^{6}Li atoms. We measure the location of the p-wave resonance in quasi-1D and observe a confinement-induced shift and broadening. We find that the three-body loss coefficient L_{3} as a function of the quasi-1D confinement has little dependence on confinement strength. We also analyze the atom loss with a two-step cascade three-body loss model in which weakly bound dimers are formed prior to their loss arising from atom-dimer collisions. Our data are consistent with this model. We also find a possible suppression in the rate of dimer relaxation with strong quasi-1D confinement. We discuss the implications of these measurements for observing p-wave pairing in quasi-1D.We study collisional loss of a quasi-one-dimensional spin-polarized Fermi gas near a p-wave Feshbach resonance in ultracold ^{6}Li atoms. We measure the location of the p-wave resonance in quasi-1D and observe a confinement-induced shift and broadening. We find that the three-body loss coefficient L_{3} as a function of the quasi-1D confinement has little dependence on confinement strength. We also analyze the atom loss with a two-step cascade three-body loss model in which weakly bound dimers are formed prior to their loss arising from atom-dimer collisions. Our data are consistent with this model. We also find a possible suppression in the rate of dimer relaxation with strong quasi-1D confinement. We discuss the implications of these measurements for observing p-wave pairing in quasi-1D.

arXiv:2007.03723Physical Review LettersDec 30, 202032 citations

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arXiv:1708.00695Physical Review ADec 12, 201734 citations

Unitarity-limited behavior of three-body collisions in a p -wave interacting Fermi gas

Muhammad Waseem, Jun Yoshida, Taketo Saito +1 more

We experimentally investigate the unitarity-limited behavior of the three-body loss near a $p$ -wave Feshbach resonance in a single-component Fermi gas of $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ atoms. At the unitarity limit, the three-body loss coefficient ${L}_{3}$ exhibits universality in the sense that it is independent of the interaction strength and follows the predicted temperature scaling law of ${L}_{3}\ensuremath{\propto}{T}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. When decreasing the interaction strength from the unitarity regime, the three-body loss coefficient as a function of the interaction strength and temperature can be described by the theory based on the association of an excited resonant quasibound state and its relaxation into a deep stable dimer by collision with a third atom in the framework of the standard Breit-Wigner theoretical approach. The results reported here are important to understand the properties of a resonant $p$ -wave Fermi gas in the prospect of quantum few- and many-body physics.We experimentally investigate the unitarity-limited behavior of the three-body loss near a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance in a single-component Fermi gas of $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ atoms. At the unitarity limit, the three-body loss coefficient ${L}_{3}$ exhibits universality in the sense that it is independent of the interaction strength and follows the predicted temperature scaling law of ${L}_{3}\ensuremath{\propto}{T}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. When decreasing the interaction strength from the unitarity regime, the three-body loss coefficient as a function of the interaction strength and temperature can be described by the theory based on the association of an excited resonant quasibound state and its relaxation into a deep stable dimer by collision with a third atom in the framework of the standard Breit-Wigner theoretical approach. The results reported here are important to understand the properties of a resonant $p$-wave Fermi gas in the prospect of quantum few- and many-body physics.

arXiv:1803.07530Physical Review AAug 8, 201832 citations

Stretching p -wave molecules by transverse confinements

Lihong Zhou, Xiaoling Cui

We revisit the confinement-induced $p$ -wave resonance in quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) atomic gases and study the induced molecules near resonance. We derive the reduced 1D interaction parameters and show that they can well predict the binding energy of shallow molecules in quasi-1D system. Importantly, these shallow molecules are found to be much more spatially extended compared to those in three dimensions (3D) without transverse confinement. Our results strongly indicate that a $p$ -wave interacting atomic gas can be much more stable in quasi-1D near the induced $p$ -wave resonance, where most weight of the molecule lies outside the short-range regime and thus the atom loss could be suppressed.We revisit the confinement-induced $p$-wave resonance in quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) atomic gases and study the induced molecules near resonance. We derive the reduced 1D interaction parameters and show that they can well predict the binding energy of shallow molecules in quasi-1D system. Importantly, these shallow molecules are found to be much more spatially extended compared to those in three dimensions (3D) without transverse confinement. Our results strongly indicate that a $p$-wave interacting atomic gas can be much more stable in quasi-1D near the induced $p$-wave resonance, where most weight of the molecule lies outside the short-range regime and thus the atom loss could be suppressed.

arXiv:1707.03512Physical Review ASep 20, 201727 citations

Experimental conditions for obtaining halo p -wave dimers in quasi-one-dimension

Francisco Fonta, Kenneth M. O’Hara

We calculate the binding energy and closed-channel fraction of $p$ -wave Feshbach molecules in quasi-one-dimension (quasi-1D) by examining the poles of the $p$ -wave $S$ matrix. We show that under the right experimental conditions, the quasi-1D $p$ -wave molecule behaves like a halo dimer with a closed-channel fraction approaching 0 at resonance and a binding energy following the universal relation ${E}_{b}\ensuremath{\sim}1/{a}_{1\mathrm{D}}^{2}$, where ${a}_{1\mathrm{D}}$ is the 1D scattering length. We calculate these experimental conditions for both $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ and $^{40}\mathrm{K}$ over a range of transverse confinements. We expect that in this halo dimer regime the three-body loss associated with the $p$ -wave Feshbach resonance will be greatly suppressed, potentially allowing for a stable $p$ -wave superfluid to be created. For an easy comparison between the three-dimensional and the quasi-1D cases, we provide the same pole analysis of the Feshbach molecules applied to the three-dimensional $p$ -wave resonance and show that there is a qualitative difference between the two.We calculate the binding energy and closed-channel fraction of $p$-wave Feshbach molecules in quasi-one-dimension (quasi-1D) by examining the poles of the $p$-wave $S$ matrix. We show that under the right experimental conditions, the quasi-1D $p$-wave molecule behaves like a halo dimer with a closed-channel fraction approaching 0 at resonance and a binding energy following the universal relation ${E}_{b}\ensuremath{\sim}1/{a}_{1\mathrm{D}}^{2}$, where ${a}_{1\mathrm{D}}$ is the 1D scattering length. We calculate these experimental conditions for both $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ and $^{40}\mathrm{K}$ over a range of transverse confinements. We expect that in this halo dimer regime the three-body loss associated with the $p$-wave Feshbach resonance will be greatly suppressed, potentially allowing for a stable $p$-wave superfluid to be created. For an easy comparison between the three-dimensional and the quasi-1D cases, we provide the same pole analysis of the Feshbach molecules applied to the three-dimensional $p$-wave resonance and show that there is a qualitative difference between the two.

Physical Review AOct 19, 20209 citations

Three-body losses of a polarized Fermi gas near a p -wave Feshbach resonance in effective field theory

Marcel Schmidt, H.‐W. Hammer, Lucas Platter

We study three-body recombination of fully spin-polarized $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ atoms that are interacting resonantly in relative $p$ waves. Motivated by a recent experiment, we focus on negative scattering volumes where three atoms recombine into a deep dimer and another atom. We calculate the three-body recombination rate using a Faddeev equation derived from effective field theory. In particular, we study the magnetic field and temperature dependences of the loss rate and use the recombination data to determine the effective range of the $p$ -wave atom-atom interaction. We also predict the existence of a shallow three-body resonance state that manifests itself as a prominent feature in the energy-dependent three-body recombination rate.We study three-body recombination of fully spin-polarized $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ atoms that are interacting resonantly in relative $p$ waves. Motivated by a recent experiment, we focus on negative scattering volumes where three atoms recombine into a deep dimer and another atom. We calculate the three-body recombination rate using a Faddeev equation derived from effective field theory. In particular, we study the magnetic field and temperature dependences of the loss rate and use the recombination data to determine the effective range of the $p$-wave atom-atom interaction. We also predict the existence of a shallow three-body resonance state that manifests itself as a prominent feature in the energy-dependent three-body recombination rate.

arXiv:1911.05749Physical Review AJun 1, 202024 citations

We investigate the three-body recombination rate of a Fermi gas of

^6

Li atoms confined in quasi-1D near a

p

-wave Feshbach resonance. We confirm that the quasi-1D loss rate constant

K_3

follows the predicted threshold scaling law that

K_3

is energy independent on resonance, and find consistency with the scaling law

K_3 \propto (k \, a_{1D})^6

K_3 \propto V_L^{-1}

, where

V_L

p

-wave superfluids.

We systematically studied the two-body loss in a two-component Fermi gas of

^{6}\mathrm{Li}

atoms near a

p

-wave Feshbach resonance. The two-body loss rate constants were measured for various temperatures and magnetic fields using atoms trapped in three-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional traps. Our results were nicely reproduced by a theoretical model that incorporates the two-body loss as an imaginary part to the inverse of the scattering volume in the scattering amplitude expression. The observed loss suppression in quasi-two-dimensional traps may provide a promising strategy to realize a

p

-wave superfluid in a system of ultracold atoms.

We experimentally investigate the unitarity-limited behavior of the three-body loss near a

p

-wave Feshbach resonance in a single-component Fermi gas of

^{6}\mathrm{Li}

atoms. At the unitarity limit, the three-body loss coefficient

{L}_{3}

exhibits universality in the sense that it is independent of the interaction strength and follows the predicted temperature scaling law of ${L}_{3}\ensuremath{\propto}{T}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. When decreasing the interaction strength from the unitarity regime, the three-body loss coefficient as a function of the interaction strength and temperature can be described by the theory based on the association of an excited resonant quasibound state and its relaxation into a deep stable dimer by collision with a third atom in the framework of the standard Breit-Wigner theoretical approach. The results reported here are important to understand the properties of a resonant

p

-wave Fermi gas in the prospect of quantum few- and many-body physics.

We revisit the confinement-induced

p

-wave resonance in quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) atomic gases and study the induced molecules near resonance. We derive the reduced 1D interaction parameters and show that they can well predict the binding energy of shallow molecules in quasi-1D system. Importantly, these shallow molecules are found to be much more spatially extended compared to those in three dimensions (3D) without transverse confinement. Our results strongly indicate that a

p

-wave interacting atomic gas can be much more stable in quasi-1D near the induced

p

-wave resonance, where most weight of the molecule lies outside the short-range regime and thus the atom loss could be suppressed.

We calculate the binding energy and closed-channel fraction of

p

-wave Feshbach molecules in quasi-one-dimension (quasi-1D) by examining the poles of the

p

-wave

S

matrix. We show that under the right experimental conditions, the quasi-1D

p

-wave molecule behaves like a halo dimer with a closed-channel fraction approaching 0 at resonance and a binding energy following the universal relation ${E}_{b}\ensuremath{\sim}1/{a}_{1\mathrm{D}}^{2}$, where

{a}_{1\mathrm{D}}

is the 1D scattering length. We calculate these experimental conditions for both

^{6}\mathrm{Li}

and

^{40}\mathrm{K}

over a range of transverse confinements. We expect that in this halo dimer regime the three-body loss associated with the

p

-wave Feshbach resonance will be greatly suppressed, potentially allowing for a stable

p

-wave superfluid to be created. For an easy comparison between the three-dimensional and the quasi-1D cases, we provide the same pole analysis of the Feshbach molecules applied to the three-dimensional

p

-wave resonance and show that there is a qualitative difference between the two.

We study three-body recombination of fully spin-polarized

^{6}\mathrm{Li}

atoms that are interacting resonantly in relative

p

waves. Motivated by a recent experiment, we focus on negative scattering volumes where three atoms recombine into a deep dimer and another atom. We calculate the three-body recombination rate using a Faddeev equation derived from effective field theory. In particular, we study the magnetic field and temperature dependences of the loss rate and use the recombination data to determine the effective range of the

p

-wave atom-atom interaction. We also predict the existence of a shallow three-body resonance state that manifests itself as a prominent feature in the energy-dependent three-body recombination rate.