Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1803.07530 · Physical Review A

Unitarity-limited behavior of three-body collisions in a p -wave interacting Fermi gas

Muhammad Waseem, Jun Yoshida, Taketo Saito, Takashi Mukaiyama

Published Aug 8, 2018• 32 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We experimentally investigate the unitarity-limited behavior of the three-body loss near a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance in a single-component Fermi gas of $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ atoms. At the unitarity limit, the three-body loss coefficient ${L}_{3}$ exhibits universality in the sense that it is independent of the interaction strength and follows the predicted temperature scaling law of ${L}_{3}\ensuremath{\propto}{T}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. When decreasing the interaction strength from the unitarity regime, the three-body loss coefficient as a function of the interaction strength and temperature can be described by the theory based on the association of an excited resonant quasibound state and its relaxation into a deep stable dimer by collision with a third atom in the framework of the standard Breit-Wigner theoretical approach. The results reported here are important to understand the properties of a resonant $p$-wave Fermi gas in the prospect of quantum few- and many-body physics.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.98.020702

Related papers

Scaling Law for Three-Body Collisions of Identical Fermions with p -Wave Interactions

Jun Yoshida, Taketo Saito, Muhammad Waseem +2 more

We experimentally confirmed the threshold behavior and scattering length scaling law of the three-body loss coefficients in an ultracold spin-polarized gas of ^{6}Li atoms near a p-wave Feshbach resonance. We measured the three-body loss coefficients as functions of temperature and scattering volume, and we found that the threshold law and the scattering length scaling law hold in limited temperature and magnetic field regions. We also found that the breakdown of the scaling laws is due to the emergence of the effective-range term. This work is an important first step towards a full understanding of the loss of identical fermions with p-wave interactions.

arXiv:1709.04160•Physical Review Letters•Mar 30, 2018•35 citations

Anomalous loss behavior in a single-component Fermi gas close to a p -wave Feshbach resonance

Kilian Welz, Manuel Gerken, Bing Zhu +4 more

We theoretically investigate three-body losses in a single-component Fermi gas near a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance in the interacting, nonunitary regime. We extend the cascade model introduced by Waseem et al. [M. Waseem, J. Yoshida, T. Saito, and T. Mukaiyama, Phys. Rev. A 99, 052704 (2019)] to describe the elastic and inelastic collision processes. We find that the loss behavior exhibits a ${n}^{3}$ and an anomalous ${n}^{2}$ density dependence for a ratio of elastic-to-inelastic collision rate larger and smaller than 1, respectively. The corresponding evolutions of the energy distribution show collisional cooling or evolution toward low-energetic nonthermalized steady states, respectively. These findings are particularly relevant for understanding atom loss and the energetic evolution of ultracold gases of fermionic lithium atoms in their ground state.

arXiv:2210.15981•Physical Review A•May 11, 2023•4 citations

Suppression of Three-Body Loss Near a p-Wave Resonance Due to Quasi-1D Confinement

Andrew Marcum, Francisco Fonta, Arif Mawardi Ismail +1 more

We investigate the three-body recombination rate of a Fermi gas of $^6$Li atoms confined in quasi-1D near a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance. We confirm that the quasi-1D loss rate constant $K_3$ follows the predicted threshold scaling law that $K_3$ is energy independent on resonance, and find consistency with the scaling law $K_3 \propto (k \, a_{1D})^6$ far from resonance [Mehta et al. Phys. Rev. A 76, 022711 (2007)]. Further we develop a theory based on Breit-Wigner analysis that describes the loss feature for intermediate fields. Lastly we measure how the loss rate constant scales with transverse confinement and find that $K_3 \propto V_L^{-1}$, where $V_L$ is the lattice depth. Importantly, at our attainable transverse confinements and temperatures, we see a 74-fold suppression of the on-resonant three-body loss rate constant in quasi-1D compared to 3D. With significant further enhancement of the transverse confinement, this suppression may pave the way for realizing stable $p$-wave superfluids.

arXiv:2007.15783•Jul 31, 2020•3 citations

Collisional Loss of One-Dimensional Fermions Near a p -Wave Feshbach Resonance

Ya-Ting Chang, Ruwan Senaratne, Danyel Cavazos-Cavazos +1 more

We study collisional loss of a quasi-one-dimensional spin-polarized Fermi gas near a p-wave Feshbach resonance in ultracold ^{6}Li atoms. We measure the location of the p-wave resonance in quasi-1D and observe a confinement-induced shift and broadening. We find that the three-body loss coefficient L_{3} as a function of the quasi-1D confinement has little dependence on confinement strength. We also analyze the atom loss with a two-step cascade three-body loss model in which weakly bound dimers are formed prior to their loss arising from atom-dimer collisions. Our data are consistent with this model. We also find a possible suppression in the rate of dimer relaxation with strong quasi-1D confinement. We discuss the implications of these measurements for observing p-wave pairing in quasi-1D.

arXiv:2007.03723•Physical Review Letters•Dec 30, 2020•32 citations

The Road to the Unitary Bose Gas

Benno S. Rem

Ultracold gases have become versatile systems to study quantum many-body effects. Their high degree of control and the tunability of the atomic interactions led to important advances in the understanding of strongly correlated matter. In the regime of strong interactions, unlike fermions, the study of bosons is hampered by three-particle recombination that leads to atom losses and keeps the system from reaching a real equilibrium state. In this thesis, we have performed the first quantitative comparison between theory and experiment on the three-particle loss coefficient L_3(a,T), for arbitrary scattering length a and temperature T. For unitary two-particle scattering (|a| → ∞), we show that the three-particle loss coefficient follows the law L_3(∞, T ) = λ_3/T^2, that we have tested using a trapped non-degenerate ^{7}Li gas maintained at constant temperature. The measured value of λ_3 = 2.5(3)_{stat}(6)_{cyst} × 10^{−20}(μK)^2cm^6s^{−1} is, within the error bars in good agreement with the theory prediction λ_3^{th} = 1.52 × 10^{−20}(μK)^2cm^6s^{−1}. We have extended our measurements to arbitrary values of the scattering length a. For a < 0, the theory predicts a smooth connection between the previously derived zero-temperature model for L_3(a, 0) and the unitarity limited loss coefficient L_3(∞, T ). We also show that a second Efimov resonance in 7Li should be observable near a = − 500 a0 for a temperature of 1 μK. Finally, we compare our theoretical prediction with measurements performed at Innsbruck with ^{133}Cs and at Cambridge with ^{39}K. The theory also shows remarkable quantitative agreement with these measurements.

•Jan 1, 2013•1 citation

Three-body losses of a polarized Fermi gas near a p -wave Feshbach resonance in effective field theory

Marcel Schmidt, H.‐W. Hammer, Lucas Platter

We study three-body recombination of fully spin-polarized $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ atoms that are interacting resonantly in relative $p$ waves. Motivated by a recent experiment, we focus on negative scattering volumes where three atoms recombine into a deep dimer and another atom. We calculate the three-body recombination rate using a Faddeev equation derived from effective field theory. In particular, we study the magnetic field and temperature dependences of the loss rate and use the recombination data to determine the effective range of the $p$-wave atom-atom interaction. We also predict the existence of a shallow three-body resonance state that manifests itself as a prominent feature in the energy-dependent three-body recombination rate.

arXiv:1911.05749•Physical Review A•Jun 1, 2020•24 citations
We experimentally investigate the unitarity-limited behavior of the three-body loss near a ppp-wave Feshbach resonance in a single-component Fermi gas of 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li atoms. At the unitarity limit, the three-body loss coefficient L3{L}_{3}L3​ exhibits universality in the sense that it is independent of the interaction strength and follows the predicted temperature scaling law of L3\ensuremath∝T\ensuremath−2{L}_{3}\ensuremath{\propto}{T}^{\ensuremath{-}2}L3​\ensuremath∝T\ensuremath−2. When decreasing the interaction strength from the unitarity regime, the three-body loss coefficient as a function of the interaction strength and temperature can be described by the theory based on the association of an excited resonant quasibound state and its relaxation into a deep stable dimer by collision with a third atom in the framework of the standard Breit-Wigner theoretical approach. The results reported here are important to understand the properties of a resonant ppp-wave Fermi gas in the prospect of quantum few- and many-body physics.
We experimentally confirmed the threshold behavior and scattering length scaling law of the three-body loss coefficients in an ultracold spin-polarized gas of ^{6}Li atoms near a p-wave Feshbach resonance. We measured the three-body loss coefficients as functions of temperature and scattering volume, and we found that the threshold law and the scattering length scaling law hold in limited temperature and magnetic field regions. We also found that the breakdown of the scaling laws is due to the emergence of the effective-range term. This work is an important first step towards a full understanding of the loss of identical fermions with p-wave interactions.
We theoretically investigate three-body losses in a single-component Fermi gas near a ppp-wave Feshbach resonance in the interacting, nonunitary regime. We extend the cascade model introduced by Waseem et al. [M. Waseem, J. Yoshida, T. Saito, and T. Mukaiyama, Phys. Rev. A 99, 052704 (2019)] to describe the elastic and inelastic collision processes. We find that the loss behavior exhibits a n3{n}^{3}n3 and an anomalous n2{n}^{2}n2 density dependence for a ratio of elastic-to-inelastic collision rate larger and smaller than 1, respectively. The corresponding evolutions of the energy distribution show collisional cooling or evolution toward low-energetic nonthermalized steady states, respectively. These findings are particularly relevant for understanding atom loss and the energetic evolution of ultracold gases of fermionic lithium atoms in their ground state.
We investigate the three-body recombination rate of a Fermi gas of 6^66Li atoms confined in quasi-1D near a ppp-wave Feshbach resonance. We confirm that the quasi-1D loss rate constant K3K_3K3​ follows the predicted threshold scaling law that K3K_3K3​ is energy independent on resonance, and find consistency with the scaling law K3∝(k a1D)6K_3 \propto (k \, a_{1D})^6K3​∝(ka1D​)6 far from resonance [Mehta et al. Phys. Rev. A 76, 022711 (2007)]. Further we develop a theory based on Breit-Wigner analysis that describes the loss feature for intermediate fields. Lastly we measure how the loss rate constant scales with transverse confinement and find that K3∝VL−1K_3 \propto V_L^{-1}K3​∝VL−1​, where VLV_LVL​ is the lattice depth. Importantly, at our attainable transverse confinements and temperatures, we see a 74-fold suppression of the on-resonant three-body loss rate constant in quasi-1D compared to 3D. With significant further enhancement of the transverse confinement, this suppression may pave the way for realizing stable ppp-wave superfluids.
We study collisional loss of a quasi-one-dimensional spin-polarized Fermi gas near a p-wave Feshbach resonance in ultracold ^{6}Li atoms. We measure the location of the p-wave resonance in quasi-1D and observe a confinement-induced shift and broadening. We find that the three-body loss coefficient L_{3} as a function of the quasi-1D confinement has little dependence on confinement strength. We also analyze the atom loss with a two-step cascade three-body loss model in which weakly bound dimers are formed prior to their loss arising from atom-dimer collisions. Our data are consistent with this model. We also find a possible suppression in the rate of dimer relaxation with strong quasi-1D confinement. We discuss the implications of these measurements for observing p-wave pairing in quasi-1D.
Ultracold gases have become versatile systems to study quantum many-body effects. Their high degree of control and the tunability of the atomic interactions led to important advances in the understanding of strongly correlated matter. In the regime of strong interactions, unlike fermions, the study of bosons is hampered by three-particle recombination that leads to atom losses and keeps the system from reaching a real equilibrium state. In this thesis, we have performed the first quantitative comparison between theory and experiment on the three-particle loss coefficient L_3(a,T), for arbitrary scattering length a and temperature T. For unitary two-particle scattering (|a| → ∞), we show that the three-particle loss coefficient follows the law L_3(∞, T ) = λ_3/T^2, that we have tested using a trapped non-degenerate ^{7}Li gas maintained at constant temperature. The measured value of λ_3 = 2.5(3)_{stat}(6)_{cyst} × 10^{−20}(μK)^2cm^6s^{−1} is, within the error bars in good agreement with the theory prediction λ_3^{th} = 1.52 × 10^{−20}(μK)^2cm^6s^{−1}. We have extended our measurements to arbitrary values of the scattering length a. For a < 0, the theory predicts a smooth connection between the previously derived zero-temperature model for L_3(a, 0) and the unitarity limited loss coefficient L_3(∞, T ). We also show that a second Efimov resonance in 7Li should be observable near a = − 500 a0 for a temperature of 1 μK. Finally, we compare our theoretical prediction with measurements performed at Innsbruck with ^{133}Cs and at Cambridge with ^{39}K. The theory also shows remarkable quantitative agreement with these measurements.
We study three-body recombination of fully spin-polarized 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li atoms that are interacting resonantly in relative ppp waves. Motivated by a recent experiment, we focus on negative scattering volumes where three atoms recombine into a deep dimer and another atom. We calculate the three-body recombination rate using a Faddeev equation derived from effective field theory. In particular, we study the magnetic field and temperature dependences of the loss rate and use the recombination data to determine the effective range of the ppp-wave atom-atom interaction. We also predict the existence of a shallow three-body resonance state that manifests itself as a prominent feature in the energy-dependent three-body recombination rate.