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arXiv:1912.04440 · Physical Review Research

Cooper pair polaritons in cold fermionic atoms within a cavity

Amaury Dodel, Alexander Pikovski, Igor Ermakov, Marek Narożniak, Valentin Ivannikov, Haibin Wu, Tim Byrnes

Published Feb 21, 2020• 3 citations
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Abstract

The authors describe a new type of Cooper pairing scenario for degenerate cold fermionic atoms in a cavity. Their results show how the introduction of a photon into the cavity excites an atom into its excited state, and leaves behind a hole in the Fermi sea. The attractive interaction between the excited atoms and the holes producing Cooper pairing.

DOI
10.1103/physrevresearch.2.013184

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The authors describe a new type of Cooper pairing scenario for degenerate cold fermionic atoms in a cavity. Their results show how the introduction of a photon into the cavity excites an atom into its excited state, and leaves behind a hole in the Fermi sea. The attractive interaction between the excited atoms and the holes producing Cooper pairing.
We consider a cold two-species atomic Fermi gas confined in a trap. We combine the Hainan coupling between the states (we assume them to be the states with different spins) with the Cooper pairing of atoms with these different spins. This opens up a new prospect for investigation of interplay between various phenomena involving Raman coupling (e.g., atom lasers, dark-state polaritons) and effects caused by Cooper pairing of particles (e.g., superfluidity). We have obtained a threshold of transition from oscillatory to amplifying behavior of matter waves.
We point out that the fermionic isotope 40K{}^{40}\mathrm{K}40K is a likely candidate for the formation of Cooper pairs in an ultracold atomic gas. Specifically, in an optical trap that simultaneously traps the spin states $|9/2,\ensuremath{-}9/2〉$ and $|9/2,\ensuremath{-}7/2〉,$ there exists a broad magnetic-field Feshbach resonance at ${B=196}_{\ensuremath{-}21}^{+9}$ G that can provide the required strong attractive interaction between atoms. An additional resonance, at B=19110+5{B=191}_{10}^{+5}B=19110+5​ G, could generate p-wave pairing between identical $|9/2,\ensuremath{-}7/2〉$ atoms. A Cooper-paired degenerate Fermi gas could thus be constructed with existing ultracold-atom technology.
We consider a cold two-species atomic Fermi gas confined in a trap. We combine the Hermitian coupling between the states (we assume them to be the states with different spins) with the Cooper pairing of atoms with these different spins. This opens up a new prospect for investigation of interplay between various phenomena involving Raman coupling (e.g., atom lasers, dark-state polaritons) and effects caused by Cooper pairing of particles (e.g., superfluidity). We have obtained a threshold of transition from oscillatory to amplifying behavior of matter waves.
Recent experiments performed with fermionic /sup 6/Li and /sup 40/K atoms, which possess both Feshbach resonances at convenient magnetic fields are discussed. When /sup 40/K is mixed with a Bose-Einstein condensate of /sup 87/Rb, for sufficient atom numbers of both species, a collapse of the Fermi gas is observed. This is the result of the strong interspecies attractive interaction which overcomes the Fermi pressure in the quantum degenerate regime. As for the case of phonon-induced interaction between electrons in superconductors, it is predicted that the boson-fermion attractive interaction favors Cooper pairing of fermions when prepared in a mixture of two states.