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arXiv:1903.10093 · Journal of Statistical Mechanics Theory and Experiment

Laws of large numbers in the raise and peel model

A M Povolotsky

Published Jul 1, 2019• 2 citations
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Abstract

Abstract We establish the exact laws of large numbers for two time additive quantities in the raise and peel model, the number of tiles removed by avalanches and the number of global avalanches happened by given time. The validity of conjectures for the related stationary state correlation functions then follow. The proof is based on the technique of Baxter’s T-Q equation applied to the associated XXZ chain and on its solution at obtained by Fridkin, Stroganov and Zagier.

DOI
10.1088/1742-5468/ab2ccd

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•Jan 1, 2012•0 citations
Abstract We establish the exact laws of large numbers for two time additive quantities in the raise and peel model, the number of tiles removed by avalanches and the number of global avalanches happened by given time. The validity of conjectures for the related stationary state correlation functions then follow. The proof is based on the technique of Baxter’s T-Q equation applied to the associated XXZ chain and on its solution at obtained by Fridkin, Stroganov and Zagier.
Abstract We study the large deviation functions for two quantities characterizing the avalanche dynamics in the raise and peel model: the number of tiles removed by avalanches and the number of global avalanches extending through the whole system. To this end, we exploit their connection to the groundstate eigenvalue of the XXZ model with twisted boundary conditions. We evaluate the cumulants of the two quantities asymptotically in the limit of the large system size. The first cumulants, the means, confirm the exact formulas conjectured from analysis of finite systems. We discuss the phase transition from critical to non-critical behaviour in the rate function of the global avalanches conditioned to an atypical value of the number of tiles removed by avalanches per unit time.
We investigate a non-equilibrium one-dimensional model known as the raise and peel model describing a growing surface which grows locally and has non-local desorption. For specific values of adsorption ( u a ) and desorption ( u d ) rates, the model shows interesting features. At u a = u d , the model is described by a conformal field theory (with conformal charge c = 0) and its stationary probability can be mapped onto the ground state of the XXZ quantum chain. Moreover, for the regime u a ⩾ u d , the model shows a phase in which the avalanche distribution is scale-invariant. In this work, we study the surface dynamics by looking at avalanche distributions using a finite-sized scaling formalism and explore the effect of adding a wall to the model. The model shows the same universality for the cases with and without a wall for an odd number of tiles removed, but we find a new exponent in the presence of a wall for an even number of tiles released in an avalanche. New insights into the effect of parity on avalanche distributions are discussed and we provide a new conjecture for the probability distribution of avalanches with a wall obtained by using an exact diagonalization of small lattices and Monte Carlo simulations.
The one-dimensional totally asymmetric simple exclusion process, a Markov process describing classical hard-core particles hopping in the same direction, is considered on a periodic lattice of L sites. The relaxation to the nonequilibrium steady state, which occurs on the time scale t∼L^{3/2} for large L, is studied for the half-filled system with N=L/2 particles. Using large L asymptotics of Bethe ansatz formulas for the eigenstates, exact expressions depending explicitly on the rescaled time t/L^{3/2} are obtained for the average and two-point function of the local density, and for the current fluctuations for simple (stationary, flat and step) initial conditions, relating previous results for the infinite system to stationary large deviations. The final formulas have a nice interpretation in terms of a functional integral with the action of a scalar field in a linear potential.
We apply the theory of Finite-size scaling (FSS) to an atomic and a non-equilibrium system in order to extract critical parameters. In atomic systems, we look at the energy dependence on the binding charge near threshold between bound and free states, where we seek the critical nuclear charge for stability. We use different ab initio methods, such as Hartree-Fock, Density Functional Theory, and exact formulations implemented numerically with the finite-element method (FEM). Using Finite-size scaling formalism, where in this case the size of the system is related to the number of elements used in the basis expansion of the wavefunction, we predict critical parameters in the large basis limit. Results prove to be in good agreement with previous Slater-basis set calculations and demonstrate that this combined approach provides a promising first-principles approach to describe quantum phase transitions for materials and extended systems. In the second part we look at non-equilibrium one-dimensional model known as the raise and peel model describing a growing surface which grows locally and has non-local desorption. For a specific values of adsorption ( ua) and desorption (ud) the model shows interesting features. At ua = ud, the model is described by a conformal field theory (with conformal charge c = 0) and its stationary probability can be mapped to the ground state of a quantum chain and can also be related a two dimensional statistical model. For ua ≥ ud, the model shows a scale invariant phase in the avalanche distribution. In this work we study the surface dynamics by looking at avalanche distributions using FSS formalism and explore the effect of changing the boundary conditions of the model. The model shows the same universality for the cases with and with our the wall for an odd number of tiles removed, but we find a new exponent in the presence of a wall for an even number of avalanches released. We provide new conjecture for the probability distribution of avalanches with a wall obtained by using exact diagonalization of small lattices and Monte-Carlo simulations.