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arXiv:1802.01555 · Journal of Statistical Mechanics Theory and Experiment

Large deviations of avalanches in the raise and peel model

Alexander M. Povolotsky, Pavel Pyatov, V. Rittenberg

Published May 1, 2018• 1 citation
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Abstract

Abstract We study the large deviation functions for two quantities characterizing the avalanche dynamics in the raise and peel model: the number of tiles removed by avalanches and the number of global avalanches extending through the whole system. To this end, we exploit their connection to the groundstate eigenvalue of the XXZ model with twisted boundary conditions. We evaluate the cumulants of the two quantities asymptotically in the limit of the large system size. The first cumulants, the means, confirm the exact formulas conjectured from analysis of finite systems. We discuss the phase transition from critical to non-critical behaviour in the rate function of the global avalanches conditioned to an atypical value of the number of tiles removed by avalanches per unit time.

DOI
10.1088/1742-5468/aabc7a

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The raise and peel model is a one-dimensional nonlocal stochastic model where adsortion happens locally and desorption is nonlocal.The model depends on the single parameter u that is the ratio among the desorption and adsorption rates.At a special value of this parameter (u = 1) the model has interesting features.The spectrum is described by a conformal field theory (central charge c = 0), and its stationary probability density is related to the equilibrium distribution of a two dimensional system.The phase diagram of the model, as a function of the parameter u, has a massive phase (gapped phase) and a massless (gapless phase) whose critical exponents vary continuously with u.In this monography we study a one-parameter extension of the raise and peel model at u = 1, that depends on the additional parameter p.The new model exhibits conformal invariance for the whole range of values of its parameter p, and it is in the same universality class as the usual raise and peel model.The single difference between the models is the value of the sound velocity v s (p) which is a function of p.The methods used in this monography are the exact diagonalization of the evolution operator of the stochastic model (Hamiltonian), for small lattice sizes and Monte Carlo simulations.

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Correlation functions in conformal invariant stochastic processes

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arXiv:1508.06968•Journal of Statistical Mechanics Theory and Experiment•Nov 13, 2015•8 citations
Abstract We study the large deviation functions for two quantities characterizing the avalanche dynamics in the raise and peel model: the number of tiles removed by avalanches and the number of global avalanches extending through the whole system. To this end, we exploit their connection to the groundstate eigenvalue of the XXZ model with twisted boundary conditions. We evaluate the cumulants of the two quantities asymptotically in the limit of the large system size. The first cumulants, the means, confirm the exact formulas conjectured from analysis of finite systems. We discuss the phase transition from critical to non-critical behaviour in the rate function of the global avalanches conditioned to an atypical value of the number of tiles removed by avalanches per unit time.
We investigate a non-equilibrium one-dimensional model known as the raise and peel model describing a growing surface which grows locally and has non-local desorption. For specific values of adsorption ( u a ) and desorption ( u d ) rates, the model shows interesting features. At u a = u d , the model is described by a conformal field theory (with conformal charge c = 0) and its stationary probability can be mapped onto the ground state of the XXZ quantum chain. Moreover, for the regime u a ⩾ u d , the model shows a phase in which the avalanche distribution is scale-invariant. In this work, we study the surface dynamics by looking at avalanche distributions using a finite-sized scaling formalism and explore the effect of adding a wall to the model. The model shows the same universality for the cases with and without a wall for an odd number of tiles removed, but we find a new exponent in the presence of a wall for an even number of tiles released in an avalanche. New insights into the effect of parity on avalanche distributions are discussed and we provide a new conjecture for the probability distribution of avalanches with a wall obtained by using an exact diagonalization of small lattices and Monte Carlo simulations.
We apply the theory of Finite-size scaling (FSS) to an atomic and a non-equilibrium system in order to extract critical parameters. In atomic systems, we look at the energy dependence on the binding charge near threshold between bound and free states, where we seek the critical nuclear charge for stability. We use different ab initio methods, such as Hartree-Fock, Density Functional Theory, and exact formulations implemented numerically with the finite-element method (FEM). Using Finite-size scaling formalism, where in this case the size of the system is related to the number of elements used in the basis expansion of the wavefunction, we predict critical parameters in the large basis limit. Results prove to be in good agreement with previous Slater-basis set calculations and demonstrate that this combined approach provides a promising first-principles approach to describe quantum phase transitions for materials and extended systems. In the second part we look at non-equilibrium one-dimensional model known as the raise and peel model describing a growing surface which grows locally and has non-local desorption. For a specific values of adsorption ( ua) and desorption (ud) the model shows interesting features. At ua = ud, the model is described by a conformal field theory (with conformal charge c = 0) and its stationary probability can be mapped to the ground state of a quantum chain and can also be related a two dimensional statistical model. For ua ≥ ud, the model shows a scale invariant phase in the avalanche distribution. In this work we study the surface dynamics by looking at avalanche distributions using FSS formalism and explore the effect of changing the boundary conditions of the model. The model shows the same universality for the cases with and with our the wall for an odd number of tiles removed, but we find a new exponent in the presence of a wall for an even number of avalanches released. We provide new conjecture for the probability distribution of avalanches with a wall obtained by using exact diagonalization of small lattices and Monte-Carlo simulations.
Abstract We consider the particle current in the asymmetric avalanche process on a ring. It is known to exhibit a transition from the intermittent to continuous flow at the critical density of particles. The exact expressions for the first two scaled cumulants of the particle current are obtained in the large time limit t → ∞ via the Bethe ansatz and a perturbative solution of the TQ -equation. The results are presented in an integral form suitable for the asymptotic analysis in the large system size limit N → ∞. In this limit the first cumulant, the average current per site or the average velocity of the associated interface, is asymptotically finite below the critical density and grows linearly and exponentially times power law prefactor at the critical density and above, respectively. The scaled second cumulant per site, i.e. the diffusion coefficient or the scaled variance of the associated interface height, shows the O ( N −1/2 ) decay expected for models in the Kardar–Parisi–Zhang universality class below the critical density, while it is growing as O ( N 3/2 ) and exponentially times power law prefactor at the critical point and above. Also, we identify the crossover regime and obtain the scaling functions for the uniform asymptotics unifying the three regimes. These functions are compared to the scaling functions describing crossover of the cumulants of the avalanche size, obtained as statistics of the first return area under the time space trajectory of the Vasicek random process.
The raise and peel model is a one-dimensional nonlocal stochastic model where adsortion happens locally and desorption is nonlocal.The model depends on the single parameter u that is the ratio among the desorption and adsorption rates.At a special value of this parameter (u = 1) the model has interesting features.The spectrum is described by a conformal field theory (central charge c = 0), and its stationary probability density is related to the equilibrium distribution of a two dimensional system.The phase diagram of the model, as a function of the parameter u, has a massive phase (gapped phase) and a massless (gapless phase) whose critical exponents vary continuously with u.In this monography we study a one-parameter extension of the raise and peel model at u = 1, that depends on the additional parameter p.The new model exhibits conformal invariance for the whole range of values of its parameter p, and it is in the same universality class as the usual raise and peel model.The single difference between the models is the value of the sound velocity v s (p) which is a function of p.The methods used in this monography are the exact diagonalization of the evolution operator of the stochastic model (Hamiltonian), for small lattice sizes and Monte Carlo simulations.
We consider the problem of correlation functions in the stationary states of one-dimensional stochastic models having conformal invariance. If one considers the space dependence of the correlators, the novel aspect is that although one considers systems with periodic boundary conditions, the observables are described by boundary operators. From our experience with equilibrium problems one would have expected bulk operators. Boundary operators have correlators having critical exponents being half of those of bulk operators. If one studies the space-time dependence of the two-point function, one has to consider one boundary and one bulk operators. The Raise and Peel model has conformal invariance as can be shown in the spin 1/2 basis of the Hamiltonian which gives the time evolution of the system. This is an XXZ quantum chain with twisted boundary condition and local interactions. This Hamiltonian is integrable and the spectrum is known in the finite-size scaling limit. In the stochastic base in which the process is defined, the Hamiltonian is not local anymore. The mapping into an SOS model, helps to define new local operators. As a byproduct some new properties of the SOS model are conjectured. The predictions of conformal invariance are discussed in the new framework and compared with Monte Carlo simulations.