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arXiv:1901.11250

Versatile surface ion trap for effective cooling and large-scale trapping of ions

Xinfang Zhang, Bao-Quan Ou, Ting Chen, Yi Xie, Wei Wu, Ping‐Xing Chen

Published Jan 31, 2019• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Scaling up and effective cooling of ions in surface ion trap are central challenges in quantum computing and quantum simulation with trapped ions. In this theoretical study, we propose a versatile surface ion trap. In the manipulation zone of our trap, a symmetric seven-wire geometry enables innate principle-axes rotation of two parallel linear ion chains, which facilitates the cooling of ions along all principle trap axes. To alleviate contaminating the manipulation zone during ion loading, a symmetric five-wire geometry is designed as the loading zone. And a "fork junction" connects the loading and manipulation zones, which also enables the shuttling and reordering of ions. A multi-objective optimization procedure suitable for arbitrary junction designs is described in detail, and we present the corresponding optimal results for the key components of our trap. The proposed versatile trap can be used in the construction of large-scale ion quantum processors. The trap also can be used as the multi-ion-mixer or the efficient ion beam splitter, which has the potential applications in quantum simulation and quantum computing, the research of 2D dimensional ion crystals and the guides of quantum microscope, like an electron beam splitter used for quantum matter-wave optics experiments. Interesting topics involving the spin-spin interactions between two ion chains can also be simulated in our trap.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1901.11250

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Scaling up and effective cooling of ions in surface ion trap are central challenges in quantum computing and quantum simulation with trapped ions. In this theoretical study, we propose a versatile surface ion trap. In the manipulation zone of our trap, a symmetric seven-wire geometry enables innate principle-axes rotation of two parallel linear ion chains, which facilitates the cooling of ions along all principle trap axes. To alleviate contaminating the manipulation zone during ion loading, a symmetric five-wire geometry is designed as the loading zone. And a "fork junction" connects the loading and manipulation zones, which also enables the shuttling and reordering of ions. A multi-objective optimization procedure suitable for arbitrary junction designs is described in detail, and we present the corresponding optimal results for the key components of our trap. The proposed versatile trap can be used in the construction of large-scale ion quantum processors. The trap also can be used as the multi-ion-mixer or the efficient ion beam splitter, which has the potential applications in quantum simulation and quantum computing, the research of 2D dimensional ion crystals and the guides of quantum microscope, like an electron beam splitter used for quantum matter-wave optics experiments. Interesting topics involving the spin-spin interactions between two ion chains can also be simulated in our trap.
Abstract Scaling up and effective cooling of ions in surface ion traps are central challenges in quantum computing and quantum simulation with trapped ions. In this theoretical study, we propose a versatile surface ion trap. In the manipulation zone of our trap, a symmetric seven-wire geometry enables innate principal axes rotation of two parallel linear ion chains, which facilitates the cooling of ions along all principal axes of the trap. To alleviate contaminating the manipulation zone during ion loading, a symmetric five-wire (FW) geometry is designed as the loading zone. Moreover, a ‘fork junction’ connects the loading and manipulation zones, which also enables the shuttling and reordering of ions. A multi-objective optimization procedure suitable for arbitrary junction designs is described in detail, and we present the corresponding optimization results for the key components of our trap. The proposed versatile trap can be used in the construction of large-scale ion quantum processors. The trap can also be used as the multi-ion-mixer or the efficient ion beam splitter, which has potential applications in quantum simulation and quantum computing; further, it can be used for the research of two-dimensional ion crystals and can act as guides of quantum microscopes, such as for an electron beam splitter used for quantum matter-wave optics experiments. Interesting topics involving the spin–spin interactions between two ion chains can also be simulated in our trap.
Abstract We describe the design of a surface-electrode ion trap junction, which is a key element for large-scale ion trap arrays. A bi-objective optimization method is used for designing the electrodes, which maintains the total pseudo-potential curvature while minimizing the axial pseudo-potential gradient along the ion transport path. To facilitate the laser beam delivery for parallel operations in multiple trap zones, we implemented integrated optics on each arm of this X-junction trap. The layout of the trap chip for commercial foundry fabrication is presented. This work suggests routes to improving ion trap junction performance in scalable implementations. Together with integrated optical addressing, this contributes to modular trapped-ion quantum computing in interconnected two-dimensional arrays.
Qubit systems based on trapped ultracold ions win one of the leading positions in the quantum computing field, demonstrating quantum algorithms with the highest complexity to date. Surface Paul traps for ion confinement open the opportunity to scale quantum processors to hundreds of qubits and enable high-connectivity manipulations on ions. To fabricate such a system with certain characteristics, the special design of a surface electrode structure is required. The depth of the trapping potential, the stability parameter, the secular frequency and the distance between an ion and the trap surface should be optimized for better performance. Here, we present the optimized design of a relatively simple surface trap that allows several important high-fidelity primitives: tight ion confinement, laser cooling, and wide optical access. The suggested trap design also allows us to perform an important basic operation, namely, splitting an ion chain into two parts.
We demonstrate a two-dimensional 11-zone ion trap array, where individual laser-cooled atomic ions are stored, separated, shuttled, and swapped. The trap geometry consists of two linear rf-ion trap sections that are joined at a 90° angle to form a T-shaped structure. We shuttle a single ion around the corners of the T-junction and swap the positions of two crystallized ions using voltage sequences designed to accommodate the nontrivial electrical potential near the junction. Full two-dimensional control of multiple ions demonstrated in this system may be crucial for the realization of scalable ion trap quantum computation and the implementation of quantum networks.
We demonstrate a two-dimensional 11-zone ion trap array, where individual laser-cooled atomic ions are stored, separated, shuttled, and swapped. The trap geometry consists of two linear rf-ion trap sections that are joined at a 90° angle to form a T-shaped structure. We shuttle a single ion around the corners of the T-junction and swap the positions of two crystallized ions using voltage sequences designed to accommodate the nontrivial electrical potential near the junction. Full two-dimensional control of multiple ions demonstrated in this system may be crucial for the realization of scalable ion trap quantum computation and the implementation of quantum networks.
Scaling quantum information processors is a challenging task, requiring manipulation of a large number of qubits with high fidelity and a high degree of connectivity. For trapped ions, this can be realized in a 2D array of interconnected traps in which ions are separated, transported, and recombined to carry out quantum operations on small subsets of ions. Here, functionality of a junction connecting orthogonal linear segments in a 2D trap array to reorder a two-ion crystal is demonstrated. The secular motion of the ions experiences low energy gain and the internal qubit levels maintain coherence during the reordering process, therefore demonstrating a promising method for providing all-to-all connectivity in a large-scale, 2D or 3D trapped-ion quantum information processor.