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arXiv:1806.01730 · EPJ Web of Conferences

Decoherence assisted spin squeezing generation in superposition of tripartite GHZ and W states

Kapil K. Sharma, Swaroop Ganguly

Published Jan 1, 2019• 0 citations
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Abstract

In the present paper, we study spin squeezing under decoherence in the superposition of tripartite maximally entangled GHZ and W states. Here we use amplitude damping, phase damping and depolarisation channel. We have investigated the dynamics of spin squeezing with the interplay of super-position and decoherence parameters with different directions of the mean spin vector. We have found the mixture of GHZ and W states is robust against spin squeezing generation for amplitude damping and phase damping channels for certain directions of the mean spin vector. However, the depolarisation channel performs well for spin squeezing generation and generates permanent spin squeezing in the superposition of GHZ and W states.

DOI
10.1051/epjconf/201919800015

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In the present paper, we study spin squeezing under decoherence in the superposition of tripartite maximally entangled GHZ and W states. Here we use amplitude damping, phase damping and depolarisation channel. We have investigated the dynamics of spin squeezing with the interplay of super-position and decoherence parameters with different directions of the mean spin vector. We have found the mixture of GHZ and W states is robust against spin squeezing generation for amplitude damping and phase damping channels for certain directions of the mean spin vector. However, the depolarisation channel performs well for spin squeezing generation and generates permanent spin squeezing in the superposition of GHZ and W states.
We study spin squeezing behaviour in tripartite unsqueezed maximally entangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) and W states under various decoherence channels with Kitagawa–Ueda criteria. In order to search spin squeezing sudden death (SSSD) and perform the analysis of spin squeezing production we use bit flip, phase flip, bit-phase-flip, amplitude damping, phase damping and depolarization channels in the present study. In literature, the influence of decoherence has been studied usually as a destroying element. On the contrary here we investigate the positive impact of decoherence, which produces spin squeezing in unsqueezed GHZ and W states under certain channels. Our careful study shows that GHZ state remains unsqueezed under aforementioned channels except bit-phase-flip and depolarization channels, on the other hand all the decoherence channels produce spin squeezing in W state. So we find that, GHZ is more robust in comparison to W state in the sense of spin squeezing production under decoherence. Most importantly we find, none of the decoherence channels produce SSSD in either of the states.
Abstract We propose an efficient method to protect spin squeezing under the action of amplitude-damping, depolarizing and phase-damping channels based on measurement reversal from weak measurement, and consider an ensemble of N independent spin-1/2 particles with exchange symmetry. We show that spin squeezing can be enhanced greatly under three different decoherence channels and spin-squeezing sudden death can be avoided undergoing amplitude-damping and phase-damping channels. Moreover, we find that the spin-squeezing parameters can be completely recovered to its initial value under amplitude-damping channel by changing weak measurement strength irrespective of sufficiently strong decoherence. For the phase-damping channel, the spin-squeezing parameter can be recovered to a certain stationary value in certain conditions. Our results provide an active way to suppress decoherence and enhance the spin squeezing under decoherence, which is rather significant for quantum metrology in open systems.
Quantum correlations between two or more different degrees of freedom of the same particle is sometimes referred to as intraparticle entanglement. In this work, we study these intra-particle correlations between two different degrees of freedom under various decoherence channels viz. amplitude damping, depolarising and phase damping channels. We observe a unique feature of the amplitude damping channel, wherein entanglement is shown to arise starting from separable states. In case of non maximally entangled input states, in addition to entanglement sudden death, the creation of entanglement is also observed, having an asymptotic decay over a long time. These counter-intuitive behaviours arise due to the subtle interplay of channel and input state parameters, and are not seen for interparticle entanglement without consideration of non-Markovian noise. It is also not observed for maximally entangled input states. Furthermore, investigation of entanglement evolution in phase damping and depolarizing channels shows its robustness against decoherence as compared to interparticle entanglement.
We study the spin-squeezing property of weighted graph states, which can be used to improve the sensitivity in interferometry. Decoherence reduces the spin-squeezing property but the result remains superior over other reference schemes with Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) type maximally entangled states and product states. We study the time evolution of spin squeezing of weighted graph states coupled to different decoherence channels. Based on the analysis, the spin squeezing of the weighted graph states is robust in the presence of decoherence, and the decoherence limit in the improvement of the interferometric sensitivity is still achievable.
We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing, and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that most of these asymptotic states can be genuinely entangled depending upon the parameters of the channel, memory parameter, and the parameters of the initial states. We study Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states and W states, mixed with white noise, and determine the conditions for them to be genuinely entangled at infinity. We find that for these mixtures, it is possible to start with a bi-separable state (with a specific mixture of white noise) and end with genuine entangled states. However, the memory parameter μ must be very high. We find that in contrast to the two-qubit case, none of the three-qubit asymptotic states for n → ∞ are genuinely entangled.
In order to witness multipartite correlations beyond pairwise entanglement, spin-squeezing parameters are analytically calculated for a spin ensemble in a collective initial state under three different decoherence channels. It is shown that, in analogy to pairwise entanglement, the spin squeezing described by different parameters can suddenly become zero at different vanishing times. This finding shows the general occurrence of sudden vanishing phenomena of quantum correlations in many-body systems, which here is referred to as spin-squeezing sudden death (SSSD). It is shown that the SSSD usually occurs due to decoherence and that SSSD never occurs for some initial states in the amplitude-damping channel. We also analytically obtain the vanishing times of spin squeezing.