arXiv:1710.07604 · Physical Review A

Isotope shifts in the 7s→8s transition of francium: Measurements and comparison to ab initio theory

M. R. Kalita, John A. Behr, Alexandre Gorelov, M.R. Pearson, A. C. DeHart, G. Gwinner, Michael Kossin, Luis A. Orozco, S. Aubin, E. Gómez, Marianna S. Safronova, V. A. Dzuba, V. V. Flambaum

Published Apr 30, 2018• 18 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

We observe the electric-dipole forbidden $7s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}8s$ transition in the francium isotopes $^{208\ensuremath{-}211}\mathrm{Fr}$ and $^{213}\mathrm{Fr}$ using a two-photon excitation scheme. We collect the atoms online from an accelerator and confine them in a magneto-optical trap for the measurements. In combination with previous measurements of the $7s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}7{p}_{1/2}$ transition we perform a King plot analysis. We compare the thus-determined ratio of the field shift constants (1.228 $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}$ 0.019) to results obtained from new ab initio calculations (1.234 $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}$ 0.010).

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.97.042507

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Spectroscopy of francium

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Two-photon spectroscopy of the francium 8S1/2 level

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7S_1/2→9S_1/2 two-photon spectroscopy of trapped francium

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arXiv:1710.07604 · Physical Review A

Isotope shifts in the 7s→8s transition of francium: Measurements and comparison to ab initio theory

M. R. Kalita, John A. Behr, Alexandre Gorelov, M.R. Pearson, A. C. DeHart, G. Gwinner, Michael Kossin, Luis A. Orozco, S. Aubin, E. Gómez, Marianna S. Safronova, V. A. Dzuba, V. V. Flambaum

Published Apr 30, 2018• 18 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

We observe the electric-dipole forbidden

7s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}8s

transition in the francium isotopes

^{208\ensuremath{-}211}\mathrm{Fr}

and

^{213}\mathrm{Fr}

using a two-photon excitation scheme. We collect the atoms online from an accelerator and confine them in a magneto-optical trap for the measurements. In combination with previous measurements of the

7s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}7{p}_{1/2}

transition we perform a King plot analysis. We compare the thus-determined ratio of the field shift constants (1.228

\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}

0.019) to results obtained from new ab initio calculations (1.234

\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}

0.010).

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.97.042507

Related papers

Spectroscopy of francium

J. E. Simsarian, Joshua M. Grossman, Luis A. Orozco +3 more

Francium is the least studied of the alkali atoms because it has no stable isotopes. We have performed precision spectroscopy on cold Fr atoms in a magneto optical trap. We have determined the location of the first two excited states of the S series by two-photon spectroscopy. We have measured the lifetimes of the 7p levels with a precision better than 0.5%. Our measurements test the many-body perturbation theory ab initio calculations of the dipole matrix element to very high accuracy in this relativistic alkali.Francium is the least studied of the alkali atoms because it has no stable isotopes. We have performed precision spectroscopy on cold Fr atoms in a magneto optical trap. We have determined the location of the first two excited states of the S series by two-photon spectroscopy. We have measured the lifetimes of the 7p levels with a precision better than 0.5%. Our measurements test the many-body perturbation theory ab initio calculations of the dipole matrix element to very high accuracy in this relativistic alkali.

AIP conference proceedingsJan 1, 19991 citation

Observation of 7pP2_3/2→7dD2 optical transitions in 209 and 210 francium isotopes

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We report on the direct experimental observation of the 7pP23/2→7dD2 optical transitions in 209 and 210 francium isotopes. By continuously monitoring the fluorescence emitted by the isotopes collected in a magneto-optical trap (MOT), the electric dipole transitions 7pP23/2→7dD25/2 of Fr209, not yet experimentally observed, and 7pP23/2→7dD25/2, 7pP23/2→7dD25/2 of Fr210 were detected as sub-Doppler depletion dips of the cold atom population. This approach allowed unambiguous identification of the excited state hyperfine structures, even in the absence of a large stable vapor. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness and the flexibility of fluorescence monitoring of trap depletion upon laser excitation, and broaden the experimental knowledge of francium isotopes and their electronic and nuclear properties. These results will have a relevant impact on ongoing researches for low-energy testing of fundamental symmetries with francium, from atomic parity non-conservation to the electron dipole moment.We report on the direct experimental observation of the 7pP23/2→7dD2 optical transitions in 209 and 210 francium isotopes. By continuously monitoring the fluorescence emitted by the isotopes collected in a magneto-optical trap (MOT), the electric dipole transitions 7pP23/2→7dD25/2 of Fr209, not yet experimentally observed, and 7pP23/2→7dD25/2, 7pP23/2→7dD25/2 of Fr210 were detected as sub-Doppler depletion dips of the cold atom population. This approach allowed unambiguous identification of the excited state hyperfine structures, even in the absence of a large stable vapor. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness and the flexibility of fluorescence monitoring of trap depletion upon laser excitation, and broaden the experimental knowledge of francium isotopes and their electronic and nuclear properties. These results will have a relevant impact on ongoing researches for low-energy testing of fundamental symmetries with francium, from atomic parity non-conservation to the electron dipole moment.

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Two-photon spectroscopy of the francium 8S1/2 level

J. E. Simsarian, W. Z. Zhao, Luis A. Orozco +1 more

We report the spectroscopy of the ${8S}_{1/2}$ energy level in ${}^{210}\mathrm{Fr}$ by two-photon excitation of atoms confined and cooled in a magneto-optical trap. The resonant intermediate level is the upper state of either the ${7P}_{3/2}$ trapping transition or the ${7P}_{1/2}$ repumping transition. The center-of-gravity energy difference between the ${7S}_{1/2}$ ground level and the ${8S}_{1/2}$ level is $19732.523\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004 {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}.$ The hyperfine separation of the ${8S}_{1/2},F=11/2$ and $F=13/2$ states is $10256\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}7 \mathrm{MHz},$ giving a magnetic dipole hyperfine constant A of $1577.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.1 \mathrm{MHz}.$We report the spectroscopy of the ${8S}_{1/2}$ energy level in ${}^{210}\mathrm{Fr}$ by two-photon excitation of atoms confined and cooled in a magneto-optical trap. The resonant intermediate level is the upper state of either the ${7P}_{3/2}$ trapping transition or the ${7P}_{1/2}$ repumping transition. The center-of-gravity energy difference between the ${7S}_{1/2}$ ground level and the ${8S}_{1/2}$ level is $19732.523\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004 {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}.$ The hyperfine separation of the ${8S}_{1/2},F=11/2$ and $F=13/2$ states is $10256\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}7 \mathrm{MHz},$ giving a magnetic dipole hyperfine constant A of $1577.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.1 \mathrm{MHz}.$

Physical Review AJan 1, 199930 citations

7S_1/2→9S_1/2 two-photon spectroscopy of trapped francium

J. E. Simsarian, W. Shi, Luis A. Orozco +2 more

Optics LettersDec 1, 199638 citations

Direct measurement of isotope shifts in the barium 6 s 2 S 0 1 – 5 d 6 p D 1 o 3 transition

Jungwoo Choi, Eunhwi Lee, Dahyun Yum +2 more

We report the direct measurement of isotope shifts of the barium $6{s}^{2}$ $^{1}S_{0}\text{--}5d6p^{3}D_{1}^{\mathrm{o}}$ 413-nm electric quadrupole transition, which is utilized for efficient barium ion trapping via photoionization using a single coherent light source. The measured isotope shifts relative to $^{138}\mathrm{Ba}$ are $392.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.9\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, $178.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, $401.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, and $124.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.3\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$ for isotopes with atomic numbers 137, 136, 135, and 134, respectively. We verify the measured isotopes with King plot analysis and compare the result with the formerly known shifts inferred from previous studies on neighboring transitions. The results can be used for efficient isotope selective loading of low-abundant barium ions, while careful suppression of line broadening is required for successful isotopic selectivity.We report the direct measurement of isotope shifts of the barium $6{s}^{2}$ $^{1}S_{0}\text{--}5d6p^{3}D_{1}^{\mathrm{o}}$ 413-nm electric quadrupole transition, which is utilized for efficient barium ion trapping via photoionization using a single coherent light source. The measured isotope shifts relative to $^{138}\mathrm{Ba}$ are $392.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.9\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, $178.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, $401.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, and $124.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.3\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$ for isotopes with atomic numbers 137, 136, 135, and 134, respectively. We verify the measured isotopes with King plot analysis and compare the result with the formerly known shifts inferred from previous studies on neighboring transitions. The results can be used for efficient isotope selective loading of low-abundant barium ions, while careful suppression of line broadening is required for successful isotopic selectivity.

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Lifetime measurement of the 8s level in francium

E. Gómez, Luis A. Orozco, A. Pérez Galván +1 more

We measure the lifetime of the $8s$ level of $^{210}\mathrm{Fr}$ atoms on a magneto-optically trapped sample with time-correlated single-photon counting. The $7{P}_{1∕2}$ state serves as the resonant intermediate level for two-step excitation of the $8s$ level completed with a $1.3\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ laser. Analysis of the fluorescence decay through the $7{P}_{3∕2}$ level gives $53.30\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.44\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$ for the $8s$ level lifetime.We measure the lifetime of the $8s$ level of $^{210}\mathrm{Fr}$ atoms on a magneto-optically trapped sample with time-correlated single-photon counting. The $7{P}_{1∕2}$ state serves as the resonant intermediate level for two-step excitation of the $8s$ level completed with a $1.3\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ laser. Analysis of the fluorescence decay through the $7{P}_{3∕2}$ level gives $53.30\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.44\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$ for the $8s$ level lifetime.

arXiv:physics/0412073Physical Review AJun 22, 200518 citations

We observe the electric-dipole forbidden

7s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}8s

transition in the francium isotopes

^{208\ensuremath{-}211}\mathrm{Fr}

and

^{213}\mathrm{Fr}

using a two-photon excitation scheme. We collect the atoms online from an accelerator and confine them in a magneto-optical trap for the measurements. In combination with previous measurements of the

7s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}7{p}_{1/2}

transition we perform a King plot analysis. We compare the thus-determined ratio of the field shift constants (1.228

\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}

0.019) to results obtained from new ab initio calculations (1.234

\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}

0.010).

We report the spectroscopy of the

{8S}_{1/2}

energy level in

{}^{210}\mathrm{Fr}

by two-photon excitation of atoms confined and cooled in a magneto-optical trap. The resonant intermediate level is the upper state of either the

{7P}_{3/2}

trapping transition or the

{7P}_{1/2}

repumping transition. The center-of-gravity energy difference between the

{7S}_{1/2}

ground level and the

{8S}_{1/2}

level is $19732.523\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004 {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}.$ The hyperfine separation of the

{8S}_{1/2},F=11/2

and

F=13/2

states is $10256\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}7 \mathrm{MHz},$ giving a magnetic dipole hyperfine constant A of $1577.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.1 \mathrm{MHz}.$

We report the direct measurement of isotope shifts of the barium

6{s}^{2}

^{1}S_{0}\text{--}5d6p^{3}D_{1}^{\mathrm{o}}

413-nm electric quadrupole transition, which is utilized for efficient barium ion trapping via photoionization using a single coherent light source. The measured isotope shifts relative to

^{138}\mathrm{Ba}

are $392.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.9\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, $178.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, $401.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, and $124.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.3\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$ for isotopes with atomic numbers 137, 136, 135, and 134, respectively. We verify the measured isotopes with King plot analysis and compare the result with the formerly known shifts inferred from previous studies on neighboring transitions. The results can be used for efficient isotope selective loading of low-abundant barium ions, while careful suppression of line broadening is required for successful isotopic selectivity.

We measure the lifetime of the

8s

level of

^{210}\mathrm{Fr}

atoms on a magneto-optically trapped sample with time-correlated single-photon counting. The

7{P}_{1∕2}

state serves as the resonant intermediate level for two-step excitation of the

8s

level completed with a $1.3\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ laser. Analysis of the fluorescence decay through the

7{P}_{3∕2}

level gives $53.30\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.44\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ns}$ for the

8s

level lifetime.