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arXiv:1702.07861 · Quantum Information Processing

Semi-quantum communication: protocols for key agreement, controlled secure direct communication and dialogue

Chitra Shukla, Kishore Thapliyal, Anirban Pathak

Published Oct 26, 2017• 136 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/s11128-017-1736-2

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Quantum secure direct communication is one of the major branches of quantum cryptography. In quantum secure direct communication, secret information can be transmitted directly through a quantum channel without the use of a private key. Quantum secure direct communication(QSDC) offers higher security and instantaneousness in communication. Because it does not use private key, key management is dispensed with. Unlike quantum key distribution where key is transferred from quantum terminal to the classical terminal at the user's site, the coding operations are solely in the quantum terminal, it further provides security in the user's site. QSDC is also a powerful basic cryptographic primitive to build other quantum communication protocols, such as quantum bidding, quantum signature and quantum dialogue and so on. Here, we briefly introduce the basic ideas of QSDC, describe the major protocols, report current status, and give a perspective.
Abstract Most existing semi-quantum dialogue (SQD) protocols have low communication efficiency and often require classical party to configure different delay lines, resulting in high costs and complex systems. This paper ingeniously combines the concepts of semi-quantum key distribution and semi-quantum secure direct communication, utilizing single photons with both polarization and spatial mode degrees of freedom as information carriers to design a high-capacity SQD protocol. Theoretical analysis confirms that the protocol has good security and can resist common quantum attacks. Compared with most current schemes, its advantages are not only its novel design style and higher communication efficiency, but also the elimination of the need for a delay line at classical party, which effectively reduces communication costs and system complexity. Furthermore, given the maturity of single-photon manipulation techniques, the scheme is easy to implement in experiments and thus shows promising application prospects.