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arXiv:1605.04099

Exact Bethe ansatz solution for a quantum field model of interacting scalar fields in quasi-two dimensions

Anjan Kundu

Published May 13, 2016• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Integrable quantum field models are known to exist mostly in one space-dimension. Exploiting the concept of multi-time in integrable systems and a Lax matrix of higher scaling order, we construct a novel quantum field model in quasi-two dimensions involving interacting fields. The Yang-Baxter integrability is proved for the model by finding a new kind of commutation rule for its basic fields, representing nonstandard scalar fields along the transverse direction. In spite of a close link with the quantum Landau-Lifshitz equation, the present model differs widely from it, in its content and the result obtained. Using further the algebraic Bethe ansatz we solve exactly the eigenvalue problem of this quantum field model for all its higher conserved operators. The idea presented here should instigate the construction of a novel class of integrable field and lattice models and exploration of a new type of underlying algebras.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1605.04099

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Integrable quantum field models are known to exist mostly in one space-dimension. Exploiting the concept of multi-time in integrable systems and a Lax matrix of higher scaling order, we construct a novel quantum field model in quasi-two dimensions involving interacting fields. The Yang-Baxter integrability is proved for the model by finding a new kind of commutation rule for its basic fields, representing nonstandard scalar fields along the transverse direction. In spite of a close link with the quantum Landau-Lifshitz equation, the present model differs widely from it, in its content and the result obtained. Using further the algebraic Bethe ansatz we solve exactly the eigenvalue problem of this quantum field model for all its higher conserved operators. The idea presented here should instigate the construction of a novel class of integrable field and lattice models and exploration of a new type of underlying algebras.
Integrable quantum field models are known to exist mostly in one space-dimension. Exploiting the concept of multi-time in integrable systems and a Lax matrix of higher scaling order, we construct a novel quantum field model in quasi-two dimensions involving interacting fields. The Yang–Baxter integrability is proved for the model by finding a new kind of commutation rule for its basic fields, representing nonstandard scalar fields along the transverse direction. In spite of a close link with the quantum Landau–Lifshitz equation, the present model differs widely from it, in its content and the result obtained. Using further the algebraic Bethe ansatz we solve exactly the eigenvalue problem of this quantum field model for all its higher conserved operators. The idea presented here should instigate the construction of a novel class of integrable field and lattice models and exploration of a new type of underlying algebras.
Nonperturbative exact solutions are allowed for quantum integrable models in one space-dimension. Going beyond this class we propose an alternative Lax matrix approach, exploiting the hidden multi-space–time concept in integrable systems and construct a novel nonlinear Schrödinger quantum field model in quasi-two dimensions. An intriguing field commutator is discovered, confirming the integrability of the model and yielding its exact Bethe ansatz solution with rich scattering and bound-state properties. The universality of the scheme is expected to cover diverse models, opening up a new direction in the field.
We introduce a new concept of quasi-Yang-Baxter algebras. The quantum quasi-Yang-Baxter algebras being simple but non-trivial deformations of ordinary algebras of monodromy matrices realize a new type of quantum dynamical symmetries and find an unexpected and remarkable applications in quantum inverse scattering method (QISM). We show that applying to quasi-Yang-Baxter algebras the standard procedure of QISM one obtains new wide classes of quantum models which, being integrable (i.e. having enough number of commuting integrals of motion) are only quasi-exactly solvable (i.e. admit an algebraic Bethe ansatz solution for arbitrarily large but limited parts of the spectrum). These quasi-exactly solvable models naturally arise as deformations of known exactly solvable ones. A general theory of such deformations is proposed. The correspondence ``Yangian --- quasi-Yangian'' and ``XXXXXXXXX spin models --- quasi-XXXXXXXXX spin models'' is discussed in detail. We also construct the classical conterparts of quasi-Yang-Baxter algebras and show that they naturally lead to new classes of classical integrable models. We conjecture that these models are quasi-exactly solvable in the sense of classical inverse scattering method, i.e. admit only partial construction of action-angle variables.
Various aspects of the theory of quantum integrable systems are reviewed. Basic ideas behind the construction of integrable ultralocal and nonultralocal quantum models are explored by exploiting the underlying algebraic structures related to the Yang-Baxter equations. Physical meaning of abstract mathematical notions like universal R-matrix, quantized algebras, Sklyanin algebra, braided algebra, Hopf algebra etc. and the role played by them in integrable systems are highlighted. Systematic construction of quantum integrable lattice as well as field models and their exact excitation spectra are presented through examples. The coordinate and algebraic formulations of the Bethe ansatz are illustrated with comparison, along with the description of nested and functional Bethe ansatzes. The techniques for deriving quantum Hamiltonians from the Lax operators are demonstrated on concrete models. The exposition of this review is kept in a fairly elementary level with emphasis on the physical contents.
A lattice regularized Lax operator for the non-ultralocal modified Korteweg de Vries (mKdV) equation is proposed at the quantum level with the basic operators satisfying a q-deformed braided algebra. From the associated quantum R and Z-matrices the exact integrability of the model is proved through the braided quantum Yang-Baxter equation which is a suitably generalized equation for the non-ultralocal models. Using the algebraic Bethe ansatz the eigenvalue problem of the quantum mKdV model is exactly solved and its connection with the spin-1/2 XXZ chain is established, facilitating the investigation of the corresponding conformal properties.
Solutions of the classical Yang–Baxter equation provide a systematic method to construct integrable quantum systems in an algebraic manner. A Lie algebra can be associated with any solution of the classical Yang–Baxter equation, from which commuting transfer matrices may be constructed. This procedure is reviewed, specifically for solutions without skew-symmetry. A particular solution with an exotic symmetry is identified, which is not obtained as a limiting expansion of the usual Yang–Baxter equation. This solution facilitates the construction of commuting transfer matrices which will be used to establish the integrability of a multi-species boson tunnelling model. The model generalises the well-known two-site Bose–Hubbard model, to which it reduces in the one-species limit. Due to the lack of an apparent reference state, application of the algebraic Bethe Ansatz to solve the model is prohibitive. Instead, the Bethe Ansatz solution is obtained by the use of operator identities and tensor product decompositions.