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arXiv:1603.01701 · New Journal of Physics

Optimization of STIRAP-based state transfer under dissipation

Ying-Dan Wang, Rong Zhang, Xiao-Bo Yan, Stefano Chesi

Published Sep 29, 2017• 11 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We quantify the influence of non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation on the transfer fidelity with generic counter-intuitive pulses. By including the dissipation of all the parties, we find that the competition between non-adiabaticity and decoherence leads to an upper bound of the transfer fidelity. Using a systematic expansion valid in the desired high-fidelity limit, we derive the upper bound as a simple function of the system cooperativity. This approach also indicates how to reach the upper bound efficiently. Our results are widely applicable to quantum state engineering and are particularly significant for solid-state devices, which typically have non-negligible dissipation of the source and target systems.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/aa7f5d

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We quantify the influence of non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation on the transfer fidelity with generic counter-intuitive pulses. By including the dissipation of all the parties, we find that the competition between non-adiabaticity and decoherence leads to an upper bound of the transfer fidelity. Using a systematic expansion valid in the desired high-fidelity limit, we derive the upper bound as a simple function of the system cooperativity. This approach also indicates how to reach the upper bound efficiently. Our results are widely applicable to quantum state engineering and are particularly significant for solid-state devices, which typically have non-negligible dissipation of the source and target systems.
Abstract We consider generating maximally entangled states (Bell states) between two qubits coupled to a common bosonic mode, based on f-STIRAP. Utilizing the systematic approach developed by Wang et al (2017 New J. Phys. 19 093016), we quantify the effects of non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation on the entanglement generation, and optimize the entanglement by balancing non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation. We find the analytical expressions of the optimal coupling profile, the operation time, and the maximal entanglement. Our findings have broad applications in quantum state engineering, especially in solid-state devices where dissipative effects cannot be neglected.
We discuss a general formalism to optimize quasi-adiabatic state-transfer protocols, where high fidelity is achieved by maintaining the system in a dark subspace protected from the dominant dissipative channels. We cast the residual fidelity loss, induced by a combination of dissipation and non-adiabatic transitions, in the form of a classical action where the time-dependent control parameters act as coordinates. This allows us to apply the least action principle, yielding the fidelity upper-bound and the corresponding optimal transfer time. As an application, we analyze a system of two qubits subject to weak relaxation and dephasing, interacting through a strongly dissipative quantum bus. In this case, our formalism, we obtain a full characterization of the optimal state-transfer fidelity.
The standard stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) protocol enables high-fidelity quantum state transfer in an ideal three-level system via adiabatic following of a dark state. However, in practical systems with more energy levels, control pulses with finite spectral selectivity often couple the three-level subspace to the remaining subspace, introducing leakage that fundamentally limits the transfer performance. Here, we adopt a multilevel chain model for STIRAP that explicitly incorporates this leakage subspace. Using Pontryagin's maximum principle, we formulate a leakage-penalized quantum optimal control problem with the control pulses constrained to experimentally feasible Gaussian pulse families. We derive explicit gradients of the objective functional with respect to the pulse parameters, enabling efficient low-dimensional optimization that suppresses leakage while preserving the counterintuitive STIRAP pulse ordering. Numerical simulations for a superconducting transmon platform demonstrate that the optimized control pulses significantly enhance the target-state transfer fidelity and improve robustness against amplitude miscalibration and detuning drifts.
We put forth a hitherto unexplored control strategy that enables finite-speed, high-fidelity transport of a quantum wavepacket through a low-temperature dissipative medium. The control consists in confining the wavepacket within a shallow anharmonic trap (tweezer), whose nonuniform velocity is steered so as to maximize the transfer fidelity between two locations. A relevant scenario is a quantum impurity moving through an ultracold gas. Unlike shortcuts to adiabaticity, our approach can simultaneously cope with wavepacket leakage via non-adiabatic and phonon-mediated processes, provided both act perturbatively. Nor does our approach require the application of compensating forces or counter-diabatic fields and thereby avoids the practical shortcomings of shortcut techniques. Instead, optimal (highest fidelity) transport is achieved here by minimizing the functional overlap of the varying velocity-spectrum of the chosen trajectory with the combined (bath-induced and non-adiabatic) leakage spectrum.
Using our recently developed quantum dissipation theory, we study the influence of dissipation on the population transfer efficiency between the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) and the pump-dump passage in a simple three-level Λ system. By comparison, STIRAP is found to be relatively insensitive to the relaxation and fluctuation of the intermediate state. Numerical results also demonstrate the applicability of the new quantum dissipation theory for studying the correlated driving-dissipation dynamics problems.
Abstract We conduct a systematic study to optimize the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) processes using Pontryagin’s principle. Pontryagin’s principle enables the incorporation of time- and fidelity-based optimization strategies into the traditional adiabatic processes. By incorporating an integral term of the intermediate state population into the cost function of either evolution time or target state fidelity, we can achieve either time-optimal or high-fidelity state transfer while maintaining minimal intermediate state occupation. This optimization method can also be superior to the shortcuts to adiabaticity control in either transfer speed or state fidelity, depending on the chosen cost function. Our method provides a systematic optimization strategy for the STIRAP process. Moreover, this approach is robust against the decoherence effect of the system caused by its surrounding environment, thereby enhancing the overall control performance and stability.