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arXiv:1602.00628 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Ultrafast depopulation of a quantum dot by LA-phonon-assisted stimulated emission

Feng Liu, L. M. P. P. Martins, Alistair J. Brash, A. M. Barth, John H. Quilter, V. M. Axt, Maurice S. Skolnick, A. M. Fox

Published Apr 18, 2016• 17 citations
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Abstract

We demonstrate ultrafast incoherent depopulation of a quantum dot from above to below the transparency point using LA-phonon-assisted emission stimulated by a redshifted laser pulse. The QD is turned from a weakly vibronic system into a strongly vibronic one by laser driving which enables the phonon-assisted relaxation between the excitonic components of two dressed states. The depopulation is achieved within a laser pulse-width-limited time of 20 ps and exhibits a broad tuning range of a few meV. Our experimental results are well reproduced by path-integral calculations.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.93.161407

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We demonstrate ultrafast incoherent depopulation of a quantum dot from above to below the transparency point using LA-phonon-assisted emission stimulated by a redshifted laser pulse. The QD is turned from a weakly vibronic system into a strongly vibronic one by laser driving which enables the phonon-assisted relaxation between the excitonic components of two dressed states. The depopulation is achieved within a laser pulse-width-limited time of 20 ps and exhibits a broad tuning range of a few meV. Our experimental results are well reproduced by path-integral calculations.
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We demonstrate an approach to realize the population inversion of a single InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot, which is driven by a laser pulse tuned within the neutral exciton phonon sideband. The inversion is achieved by rapid thermalization of the optically dressed states via phonon-assisted relaxation. A maximum exciton population of 0.67 ±\pm± 0.06 is measured for a laser tuned 0.83 meV to higher energy and the phonon sideband is mapped using a two-color pump-probe technique. Our experiments reveal that, in accordance with theory, the phonon-bath provides additional functionality for an optically driven quantum dot qubit.
We demonstrate a new method to realize the population inversion of a single InGaAs=GaAs quantum dot excited by a laser pulse tuned within the neutral exciton phonon sideband.In contrast to the conventional method of inverting a two-level system by performing coherent Rabi oscillation, the inversion is achieved by rapid thermalization of the optically dressed states via incoherent phonon-assisted relaxation.A maximum exciton population of 0.67 Æ 0.06 is measured for a laser tuned 0.83 meV to higher energy.Furthermore, the phonon sideband is mapped using a two-color pump-probe technique, with its spectral form and magnitude in very good agreement with the result of path-integral calculations.
We demonstrate theoretically that the single-photon purity of photons emitted from a quantum dot exciton prepared by phonon-assisted off-resonant excitation can be significantly higher in a wide range of parameters than that obtained by resonant preparation for otherwise identical conditions. Despite the off-resonant excitation, the brightness stays on a high level. These surprising findings exploit the fact that the phonon-assisted preparation is a two-step process where phonons first lead to a relaxation between laser-dressed states while high exciton occupations are reached only with a delay to the laser pulse maximum by adiabatically undressing the dot states. Due to this delay, possible subsequent processes, in particular multiphoton excitations, appear at a time when the laser pulse is almost gone. The resulting suppression of reexcitation processes increases the single-photon purity. Due to the spectral separation of the signal photons from the laser frequencies this enables the emission of high quality single photons not disturbed by a laser background while taking advantage of the robustness of the phonon assisted scheme.
We study the evolution of an exciton confined in a quantum dot adiabatically controlled by a frequency-swept (chirped) laser pulse in the presence of carrier-phonon coupling. We focus on the dynamics induced by a linearly polarized beam and analyze the decoherence due to phonon-assisted biexciton generation. We show that if the biexciton state is shifted down by a few meV, as is typically the case, then the resulting decoherence is strong even at low temperatures. As a result, efficient state preparation is restricted to a small parameter area corresponding to low temperatures, positive chirps, and moderate pulse areas.
In recent experiments on coupled quantum dot (QD) optical cavity systems, a pronounced interaction between the dot and the cavity has been observed even for detunings of many cavity linewidths. This interaction has been attributed to an incoherent phonon-mediated scattering process and is absent in atomic systems. Here, we demonstrate that despite its incoherent nature, this process preserves the signatures of coherent interaction between a QD and a strong driving laser, which may be observed via the optical emission from the off-resonant cavity. Under bichromatic driving of the QD, the cavity emission exhibits spectral features consistent with optical dressing of the QD transition. These cavity emission measurements are more akin to absorption measurements of a strongly driven QD rather than resonance fluorescence measurements. In addition to revealing new aspects of the off-resonant QD-cavity interaction, this result provides a new, simpler means of coherently probing QDs and opens the possibility of employing off-resonant cavities to optically interface QD nodes in quantum networks.