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arXiv:1512.07374 · Physical Review Applied

Ultralow-Noise Room-Temperature Quantum Memory for Polarization Qubits

Mehdi Namazi, Connor Kupchak, Bertus Jordaan, Reihaneh Shahrokhshahi, Eden Figueroa

Published Sep 25, 2017• 50 citations
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Abstract

Implementing noise-free quantum devices at room temperature is the key to bring quantum technology from the laboratory to the public. So far this has been impossible, due to the inherent noise in thermal systems. The authors superpose spin waves by mapping photonic polarization qubits onto collective excitations of rubidium atoms. By manipulating the resultant quantum coherence, they obtain a room-temperature high-fidelity quantum memory. Such devices could have great impact as quantum repeaters, the cornerstones of elementary quantum networks.

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.8.034023

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Implementing noise-free quantum devices at room temperature is the key to bring quantum technology from the laboratory to the public. So far this has been impossible, due to the inherent noise in thermal systems. The authors superpose spin waves by mapping photonic polarization qubits onto collective excitations of rubidium atoms. By manipulating the resultant quantum coherence, they obtain a room-temperature high-fidelity quantum memory. Such devices could have great impact as quantum repeaters, the cornerstones of elementary quantum networks.
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An optical quantum memory is a stationary device that is capable of storing and recreating photonic qubits with a higher fidelity than any classical device. Thus far, these two requirements have been fulfilled for polarization qubits in systems based on cold atoms and cryogenically cooled crystals. Here, we report a room-temperature memory capable of storing arbitrary polarization qubits with a signal-to-background ratio higher than 1 and an average fidelity surpassing the classical benchmark for weak laser pulses containing 1.6 photons on average, without taking into account non-unitary operation. Our results demonstrate that a common vapor cell can reach the low background noise levels necessary for polarization qubit storage using single-photon level light, and propels atomic-vapor systems towards a level of functionality akin to other quantum information processing architectures.
High-performance quantum memories are a key component for quantum networking infrastructure. Here we demonstrate the first field-deployable, high-fidelity (<95%) memory for photonic polarization qubits based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a warm rubidium vapor. We discuss our work towards optimizing the memory for use in quantum networking applications, specifically to maximize the memory fidelity, efficiency and coherence time. We also describe our engineering efforts in scaling down the size of the memory into a turn-key 2U rackmount device. The module has been designed and tested for use in both academic and industrial settings.
Quantum memories capable of storing single photons are essential building blocks for quantum information processing, enabling the storage and transfer of quantum information over long distances. Devices operating at room temperature can be deployed on a large scale and integrated into existing photonic networks, but so far warm quantum memories have been susceptible to noise at the single photon level. Using a fundamentally different approach to quantum memories, i.e. the recently developed far off-resonant Raman memory scheme, the authors present a highly efficient room-temperature memory that is able to operate with a low unconditional noise floor in the quantum regime, something that no other room-temperature memory has been able to demonstrate before.
Room-temperature, easy-to-operate quantum memories are essential building blocks for future long distance quantum information networks operating on an intercontinental scale, because devices like quantum repeaters, based on quantum memories, will have to be deployed in potentially remote, inaccessible locations. Here we demonstrate controllable, broadband and efficient storage and retrieval of weak coherent light pulses at the single-photon level in warm atomic cesium vapor using the robust far off-resonant Raman memory scheme. We show that the unconditional noise floor of this technically simple quantum memory is low enough to operate in the quantum regime, even in a room-temperature environment.