We present the implementation of single-photon level polarization qubit memories using warm rubidium vapor. We will discuss how their fidelity is influenced by intrinsic noise processes and show results on the cascading of two of these systems. Article not available.
Implementing noise-free quantum devices at room temperature is the key to bring quantum technology from the laboratory to the public. So far this has been impossible, due to the inherent noise in thermal systems. The authors superpose spin waves by mapping photonic polarization qubits onto collective excitations of rubidium atoms. By manipulating the resultant quantum coherence, they obtain a room-temperature high-fidelity quantum memory. Such devices could have great impact as quantum repeaters, the cornerstones of elementary quantum networks.
An optical quantum memory is a stationary device that is capable of storing and recreating photonic qubits with a higher fidelity than any classical device. Thus far, these two requirements have been fulfilled for polarization qubits in systems based on cold atoms and cryogenically cooled crystals. Here, we report a room-temperature memory capable of storing arbitrary polarization qubits with a signal-to-background ratio higher than 1 and an average fidelity surpassing the classical benchmark for weak laser pulses containing 1.6 photons on average, without taking into account non-unitary operation. Our results demonstrate that a common vapor cell can reach the low background noise levels necessary for polarization qubit storage using single-photon level light, and propels atomic-vapor systems towards a level of functionality akin to other quantum information processing architectures.
Quantum memories capable of storing single photons are essential building blocks for quantum information processing, enabling the storage and transfer of quantum information over long distances. Devices operating at room temperature can be deployed on a large scale and integrated into existing photonic networks, but so far warm quantum memories have been susceptible to noise at the single photon level. Using a fundamentally different approach to quantum memories, i.e. the recently developed far off-resonant Raman memory scheme, the authors present a highly efficient room-temperature memory that is able to operate with a low unconditional noise floor in the quantum regime, something that no other room-temperature memory has been able to demonstrate before.