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Quantum Computing, Communication, and Simulation

A room-temperature field-deployable quantum memory for quantum repeater schemes

Yang Wang, Alexander N. Craddock, Rourke Sekelsky, Mael Flament, Mehdi Namazi

Published Mar 2, 2022• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

High-performance quantum memories are a key component for quantum networking infrastructure. Here we demonstrate the first field-deployable, high-fidelity (<95%) memory for photonic polarization qubits based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a warm rubidium vapor. We discuss our work towards optimizing the memory for use in quantum networking applications, specifically to maximize the memory fidelity, efficiency and coherence time. We also describe our engineering efforts in scaling down the size of the memory into a turn-key 2U rackmount device. The module has been designed and tested for use in both academic and industrial settings.

DOI
10.1117/12.2608754

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High-performance quantum memories are a key component for quantum networking infrastructure. Here we demonstrate the first field-deployable, high-fidelity (<95%) memory for photonic polarization qubits based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a warm rubidium vapor. We discuss our work towards optimizing the memory for use in quantum networking applications, specifically to maximize the memory fidelity, efficiency and coherence time. We also describe our engineering efforts in scaling down the size of the memory into a turn-key 2U rackmount device. The module has been designed and tested for use in both academic and industrial settings.
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Quantum memory is an important component in the long-distance quantum communication based on the quantum repeater protocol. To outperform the direct transmission of photons with quantum repeaters, it is crucial to develop quantum memories with high fidelity, high efficiency and a long storage time. Here, we achieve a storage efficiency of 92.0 (1.5)% for a coherent optical memory based on the electromagnetically induced transparency scheme in optically dense cold atomic media. We also obtain a useful time-bandwidth product of 1200, considering only storage where the retrieval efficiency remains above 50%. Both are the best record to date in all kinds of schemes for the realization of optical memory. Our work significantly advances the pursuit of a high-performance optical memory and should have important applications in quantum information science.
Implementing noise-free quantum devices at room temperature is the key to bring quantum technology from the laboratory to the public. So far this has been impossible, due to the inherent noise in thermal systems. The authors superpose spin waves by mapping photonic polarization qubits onto collective excitations of rubidium atoms. By manipulating the resultant quantum coherence, they obtain a room-temperature high-fidelity quantum memory. Such devices could have great impact as quantum repeaters, the cornerstones of elementary quantum networks.
Quantum technologies open doors to outstanding applications, at the same time as they pose many scientific challenges. The promise of intrinsically secure communications relies on the implementation of quantum networks. However, noise in quantum channels sets a limit to both the range and the faithfulness of the communication link. To overcome these difficulties, quantum repeater schemes have been proposed to successfully transmit flying qubits (single photons) over long distances. The aim of this project is to advance towards the implementation of a fully functional quantum memory, a key element of any quantum repeater scheme. To do so, a hot rubidium vapor cell was employed, which takes advantage of electromagnetically induced transparency to perform the light storage process, using, in this case, light from a quantum dot. The novelty of the work resides on the fact that never has light from a quantum dot been stored in such a memory device. These objectives implied improving the transmission efficiency (from 5% to 14%) following numerous steps, as well as finding and characterizing a suitable quantum dot sample. The work in hand presents the numerous accomplishments that have been achieved, which set the realization of a quantum repeater very close to our reach.