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arXiv:1510.04496

Quantum Mechanics in Noncommutative space

G\'alikov\'a, Veronika, Kov\'a\v{c}ik, Samuel, Pre\v{s}najder, Peter

Published Oct 15, 2015• 2 citations
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Abstract

This paper provides an examination of how are prediction of standard quantum mechanic (QM) affected by introducing a noncommutative (NC) structure into the configuration space of the considered system (electron in the Coulomb potential in the present case). The parameter controlling the extent of modification is denoted as {\lambda}. The coordinates in the NC space are realized via creation and annihilation operators acting in an auxiliary Fock space, this one being chosen in such a way that the rotational invariance of the system remains intact also in NCQM. Analog of Schr\"odinger equation for hydrogen atom is found and analytically solved, both for bound states and scattering. The exact formulas for NC corrections are given. None of the NC predictions contradicts experimentally verified QM results, since in the correspondence limit {\lambda} -> 0 both QM and NCQM coincide. Highly surprising feature of the NC version is the existence of bound states for repulsive potential at ultra-high energies. However, these disappear from the Hilbert space in the mentioned limit. The whole problem is solved also using a method analogous to that of Pauli. Besides rotational invariance, the dynamical symmetry related to the conservation of NC analog of Laplace-Runge-Lenz vector is being used and the results obtained this way are in the full agreement with those given by "Schr\"odinger-like" approach. The presented NC deformation of QM preserves all those mysterious properties of the Coulomb system that made it a distinguished key-stone of the modern physics.

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This paper provides an examination of how are prediction of standard quantum mechanic (QM) affected by introducing a noncommutative (NC) structure into the configuration space of the considered system (electron in the Coulomb potential in the present case). The parameter controlling the extent of modification is denoted as {\lambda}. The coordinates in the NC space are realized via creation and annihilation operators acting in an auxiliary Fock space, this one being chosen in such a way that the rotational invariance of the system remains intact also in NCQM. Analog of Schr"odinger equation for hydrogen atom is found and analytically solved, both for bound states and scattering. The exact formulas for NC corrections are given. None of the NC predictions contradicts experimentally verified QM results, since in the correspondence limit {\lambda} -> 0 both QM and NCQM coincide. Highly surprising feature of the NC version is the existence of bound states for repulsive potential at ultra-high energies. However, these disappear from the Hilbert space in the mentioned limit. The whole problem is solved also using a method analogous to that of Pauli. Besides rotational invariance, the dynamical symmetry related to the conservation of NC analog of Laplace-Runge-Lenz vector is being used and the results obtained this way are in the full agreement with those given by "Schr"odinger-like" approach. The presented NC deformation of QM preserves all those mysterious properties of the Coulomb system that made it a distinguished key-stone of the modern physics.
The main point of this paper is to examine a “hidden” dynamical symmetry connected with the conservation of Laplace-Runge-Lenz vector (LRL) in the hydrogen atom problem solved by means of non-commutative quantum mechanics (NCQM). The basic features of NCQM will be introduced to the reader, the key one being the fact that the notion of a point, or a zero distance in the considered configuration space, is abandoned and replaced with a “fuzzy” structure in such a way that the rotational invariance is preserved. The main facts about the conservation of LRL vector in both classical and quantum theory will be reviewed. Finally, we will search for an analogy in the NCQM, provide our results and their comparison with the QM predictions. The key notions we are going to deal with are non-commutative space, Coulomb-Kepler problem, and symmetry.
The Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect in non-commutative quantum mechanics (NCQM) is studied. First, by introducing a shift for the magnetic vector potential we give the Schrddoto\\ddot{o}ddotodinger equations in the presence of a magnetic field on NC space and NC phase space, respectively. Then by solving the Schrddoto\\ddot{o}ddotodinger equations, we obtain the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) phase on NC space and NC phase space, respectively.
The hydrogen atom has historically played a foundational role in the development of quantum mechanics, where its discrete energy spectrum is conventionally derived from solutions of the Schrödinger wave equation. In this work we present an alternative formulation in which the hydrogen spectrum emerges without invoking the Schrödinger equation. We consider a semi-quantum framework in which the electron is treated as a classical particle governed by Poisson-bracket dynamics while interacting with a quantized electromagnetic field described using second quantization. The electron moves in the Coulomb potential generated by the proton and simultaneously couples to quantized electromagnetic modes through minimal coupling. The Coulomb system possesses a hidden dynamical symmetry characterized by the Runge–Lenz vector, which enlarges the rotational symmetry to an group for bound states. Within this framework, interactions between the classical particle and the quantized field induce an effective commutation structure in the particle’s phase space. Once this structure emerges, the algebra of the conserved quantities associated with the Runge–Lenz vector becomes identical to the operator algebra used in Pauli’s symmetry-based derivation of the hydrogen spectrum. Consequently, the discrete hydrogen energy levels arise naturally from the combined effects of Coulomb symmetry and particle–field interaction, offering a physically transparent interpretation of atomic quantization and suggesting that wave–particle duality may arise dynamically from interactions with quantized electromagnetic fields.
Modified Schrodinger equation plays a fundamental role for describing the behavior of a particle at microscopic scale. In this context, we have studied the non-relativistic energy spectra of the modified quantum mechanical gravitational potential plus the harmonic oscillator (MQMGHO) potential using the generalized Bopp’s shift method and standard perturbation theory within the framework of non-commutative 3-dimensional phase space (NC: 3D-RSP) symmetries. Furthermore, we have shown that the modified Hamiltonian operator containing a perturbed Coulomb potential, which physically means the global Hamiltonian of MQMGHO potential, can be described as Hydrogenic atoms interacting with strong potential composed of quantum mechanical gravitational potential plus the harmonic oscillator (QMGHO) potential and an auxiliary part. The bound state energy eigenvalues, in terms of discreet atomic quantum numbers ( j , n, landm ), four infinitesimal parameters , , ,  induced by positionposition and phase-phase non-commutativity, in addition to the dimensional parameters of MQMGHO potential and the corresponding noncommutative Hamiltonian operator were obtained for Hydrogenic atoms. Moreover, we have shown that, the total complete degeneracy of energy
Morse oscillator is one of the known solvable potentials which attracts many applications in quantum mechanics especially in quantum chemistry. One of the interesting results of this study is the generation of ladder operators for Morse potential. The operators are a representation of the shifting energy levels of the states exhibited by the wavefunction. From this result, we manipulate and deform the operators in such a way that it gives a noncommutative property to promote noncommutative quantum mechanics (NCQM). The resultant NC feature can be shown in the spatial coordinates and finally the Hamiltonian. In this study, we consider two-dimensional Morse potential where the ladder operators are in the form of the corresponding 2D Morse.