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arXiv:1510.02672 · Physical Review A

Resonance retrieval of stored coherence in an rf-optical double-resonance experiment

Vladimir Djokic, Georg Enzian, Frank Vewinger, Martin Weitz

Published Dec 3, 2015• 2 citations
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Abstract

We study the storage of coherences in atomic rubidium vapor with a three-level coupling scheme with two ground states and one electronically excited state driven by one optical (control) and one radio frequency field. We initially store an atomic ground state coherence in the system. When retrieving the atomic coherence with a subsequent optical pulse, a second (signal) optical beam is created whose difference frequency to the control field is found to be determined by the atomic ground state's Raman transition frequency.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.92.063802

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We study the storage of coherences in atomic rubidium vapor with a three-level coupling scheme with two ground states and one electronically excited state driven by one optical (control) and one radio frequency field. We initially store an atomic ground state coherence in the system. When retrieving the atomic coherence with a subsequent optical pulse, a second (signal) optical beam is created whose difference frequency to the control field is found to be determined by the atomic ground state's Raman transition frequency.
We investigate the storage of light in an atomic sample with a Lambda-type coupling scheme driven by optical fields at variable two-photon detuning. In the presence of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), light is stored and retrieved from the sample by dynamically varying the group velocity. It is found that for any two-photon detuning of the input light pulse within the EIT transparency window, the carrier frequency of the retrieved light pulse matches the two-photon resonance frequency with the atomic ground state transition and the control field. This effect which is not based on spectral filtering is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. It can be used for high-speed precision measurements of the two-photon resonance as employed, e.g., in optical magnetometry.
This thesis presents the applications of some of the coherent processes in a three-level atomic system, to control spatial and temporal properties of a signal pulse. We use two Raman absorption resonances in rubidium vapor separated by a few MHz to achieve a rapidly tunable slow-light system. We control the slow-light characteristics all-optically by tuning the frequency and power of a coupling beam. A dual absorption slow-light system is known to cause less pulse broadening than a single transmission resonance system, and thus, a tunable double absorption system is advantageous. We use a four-wave mixing process to demonstrate pulse storage in rubidium vapor for times much greater than the pulse width. We demonstrate storage of both the temporal and spatial profile of the pulse. We overcome the diffusion of spatial information during the storage in warm atomic vapor by storing the Fourier transform of the image instead of an image with a flat phase. The Raman absorption resonance is also used to control the transverse refractive index profile of the signal beam. The refractive index of the signal interacting with a coupling beam in a Raman process is dependent on the coupling beam intensity. We use a first order Laguerre-Gaussian (LG01) coupling beam to create a waveguide like transverse refractive index profile. We demonstrate propagation of a focused signal beam for lengths much greater than the Rayleigh length. Finally, we demonstrate a dual absorption atomic prism, which is capable
In this work quantum coherence effects in dense rubidium atomic vapour are investigated. Prepared in a laser driven atomic system, coherent effects, like the well-known electromagnetically induced transparency, have a remarkable ability to significantly alter optical properties of the used medium. Electromagnetically induced transparency and related phenomena like slow and stored light can be explained in terms of dark state polaritons, representing quasiparticles consisting of light and matter components. In this thesis, experiments aiming to the concept of quasiparticles are described. Furthermore, in this thesis the concept of resonance retrieval of a stored coherence is investigated, a concept that might prove useful in metrology. In this thesis, the focus is set on the experimental study of the particle-like nature of dark state polaritons. Therefore, a radiofrequency spectroscopy is performed on stationary and moving polaritons with an internal level structure. To this end, an experimental setup is described that allows for the existence of two state dark polaritons in a tripod level scheme. The internal level structure of these polaritons is then probed by a radiofrequency field and a transfer of population between two dark states is observed. The measured population transfer, though with a limited contrast, strongly indicates that dark state polaritons can be considered as quasiparticles with an internal level structure. Since the dark state polaritons exhibit features of an effective magnetic dipole moment, the existence of the Aharonov-Casher phase effect for these quasiparticles is investigated experimentally. It is predicted by a known Aharonov-Casher effect that taking two particles with a finite magnetic dipole moment around a line of charge causes an accumulated phase difference between them. In this work, a detection system with a phase sensitivity of 10-5 rad is described, which sets the upper boundary on the experimentally detectable Aharonov-Casher phase for the hot rubidium gas system. In the last part of this thesis experiments on storage and resonant retrieval of an atomic coherence are described. To this end, an RF field creates an atomic coherence which is stored and subsequently read out with an optical field. The retrieved field is shown to be frequency locked to the optical field. The difference frequency is, within the limits of experimental sensitivity, at the atomic resonance frequency independently on the amplitude and frequency variations of the radiofrequency excitation field.
We present recent results on the coherent control of an optical transition in a single rubidium atom, trapped in an optical tweezer. We excite the atom using resonant light pulses that are short (4 ns) compared with the lifetime of the excited state (26 ns). By varying the intensity of the laser pulses, we can observe an adjustable number of Rabi oscillations, followed by free decay once the light is switched off. To generate the pulses we have developed a novel laser system based on frequency doubling a telecoms laser diode at 1560 nm. By setting the laser intensity to make a pi-pulse, we use this coherent control to make a high quality triggered source of single photons. We obtain an average single photon rate of 9600 s-1 at the detector. Measurements of the second-order temporal correlation function show almost perfect antibunching at zero delay. In addition, we present preliminary results on the use of Raman transitions to couple the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of our trapped atom. This will allow us to prepare and control a qubit formed by two hyperfine sub-levels.
We present recent results on the coherent control of an optical transition in a single rubidium atom, trapped in an optical tweezer. We excite the atom using resonant light pulses that are short (4 ns) compared with the lifetime of the excited state (26 ns). By varying the intensity of the laser pulses, we can observe an adjustable number of Rabi oscillations, followed by free decay once the light is switched off. To generate the pulses we have developed a novel laser system based on frequency doubling a telecoms laser diode at 1560 nm. By setting the laser intensity to make a pi-pulse, we use this coherent control to make a high quality triggered source of single photons. We obtain an average single photon rate of 9600 s-1 at the detector. Measurements of the second-order temporal correlation function show almost perfect antibunching at zero delay. In addition, we present preliminary results on the use of Raman transitions to couple the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of our trapped atom. This will allow us to prepare and control a qubit formed by two hyperfine sub-levels.