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arXiv:1506.07701 · Physical Review A

Entanglement detection and parameter estimation of quantum channels

Jun Suzuki

Published Oct 6, 2016• 13 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We derive a general criterion to detect entangled states in multipartite systems based on the symmetric logarithmic derivative quantum Fisher information. This criterion is a direct consequence of the fact that separable states do not improve the accuracy upon estimating the one-parameter family of quantum channels. Our result is a generalization of the previously known criterion for the one-parameter unitary channel to any one-parameter quantum channel. Several variants of the proposed criterion are also given, and then the general structure is revealed behind this sort of entanglement criteria based on quantum Fisher information. We discuss several examples to illustrate our criterion. In the last part, we briefly show how the proposed criterion can be extended to a more general setting that is applicable for a certain class of open quantum systems, and we discuss how to detect entangled states even in the presence of decoherence.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.94.042306

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We derive a general criterion to detect entangled states in multipartite systems based on the symmetric logarithmic derivative quantum Fisher information. This criterion is a direct consequence of the fact that separable states do not improve the accuracy upon estimating the one-parameter family of quantum channels. Our result is a generalization of the previously known criterion for the one-parameter unitary channel to any one-parameter quantum channel. Several variants of the proposed criterion are also given, and then the general structure is revealed behind this sort of entanglement criteria based on quantum Fisher information. We discuss several examples to illustrate our criterion. In the last part, we briefly show how the proposed criterion can be extended to a more general setting that is applicable for a certain class of open quantum systems, and we discuss how to detect entangled states even in the presence of decoherence.
We propose a sufficient entanglement criterion for the multipartite systems based on quantum Fisher information. It complements the well-established positive partial transpose criterion in the sense that it is also able to detect bound entangled states. Moreover, it improves the well-known upper bound on the quantum Fisher information of separable multiqudit states introduced by Toth et al. [G. Toth and T. Vertesi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 020506 (2018)] and hence detects a greater number of metrologically useful entangled states. This criterion is formulated as a simple inequality which must be fulfilled by the quantum Fisher information of separable states of multipartite systems. Violation of this inequality by a state reveals its entanglement and accordingly confirms its usefulness for quantum metrology. The efficiency of this criterion for detection of entanglement is illustrated through some examples.
Abstract We derive criterion in the form of inequality based on quantum Fisher information and quantum variance to detect multipartite entanglement. It can be regarded as complementary of the well-established positive partial transpose criterion in the sense that it can also detect bound entangled states. The inequality is motivated by Y Akbari-Kourbolagh et al [Phys. Rev A. 99, 012304 (2019)], which introduced a multipartite entanglement criterion based on quantum Fisher information. Our criterion is experimentally measurable for detecting any N -qudit pure state mixed with white noisy. We take several examples to illustrate that our criterion has good performance for detecting certain entangled states.
We derive a universal upper bound on the speed of multipartite entanglement generation. For arbitrary differentiable pure multipartite states undergoing parameter-dependent evolution, we prove that the rate of change of generalized concurrence is bounded by the square root of the quantum Fisher information (QFI). The proof follows directly from the symmetric logarithmic derivative formalism, revealing the bound as a consequence of quantum estimation theory, while a complementary Schmidt-spectrum analysis identifies the conditions for saturation and yields a tighter bound for rank-two bipartitions. We illustrate these results in interacting many-body spin models and investigate their behavior across the quantum phase transition of the transverse-field Ising model. At the critical point, we find that the QFI can be strongly enhanced while the generalized concurrence is nearly stationary and its sensitivity to the coupling is suppressed. This demonstrates that the enhanced parameter sensitivity associated with quantum criticality need not arise from rapid changes in the magnitude of multipartite entanglement.
The kkk-nonseparability is a kind of multipartite quantum correlation which can be used to characterize some aspects of multipartite entanglement. In this paper, we discuss the detection of kkk-nonseparability of nnn-partite quantum states from an information perspective and obtain some kkk-nonseparability criteria in terms of quantum Fisher information. These criteria can identify many kkk-nonseparable states, and their advantages over an important and well-known kkk-nonseparability criterion [M. Huber et al., Phys. Rev. A 88, 042328 (2013)] are illustrated by several typical examples.
Based on the realignment moments of density matrix, we study parameterized entanglement criteria for bipartite and multipartite states. By adjusting the different parameter values, our criterion can detect not only bound entangled states, but also non-positive partial transpose entangled states for bipartite quantum systems. Moreover, we propose the definition of multipartite realignment moments and generalize the result of bipartite systems to obtain a sufficient criterion to detect entanglement for multipartite quantum states in arbitrary dimensions. And we further improve the conclusion to obtain another new entanglement criterion. The new method can detect more entangled states than previous methods as backed by detailed examples.
We study the role of ancillary entanglement in quantum channel parameter estimation and investigate the minimal ancilla dimension required to achieve the maximum Fisher information. We introduce the kkk-ancilla Fisher information, which quantifies the optimal estimation precision achievable with input states of rank at most kkk, and derive a variational characterization in terms of a rank-constrained optimization problem. This formulation leads to a simple characterization of the minimum ancilla dimension k∗k^*k∗ required for optimal estimation, given by the minimum rank among the maximizers of the associated variational problem. We further identify sufficient conditions under which ancillary entanglement provides no advantage, including channel families admitting a fixed measure-and-prepare representation and channels satisfying a natural horizontality condition. In addition, we derive a bound on the incremental gain in Fisher information obtained by increasing the ancilla dimension under suitable structural assumptions on the optimal input states. The general results are illustrated through explicit examples, including unitary channels, qubit depolarizing and amplitude damping channels. These results provide a systematic framework for understanding and quantifying the entanglement resources required for optimal quantum channel estimation.