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arXiv:1506.07590 · Optica

Ultracompact quantum splitter of degenerate photon pairs

Jiakun He, Bryn A. Bell, Alvaro Casas‐Bedoya, Yanbing Young Zhang, Alex S. Clark, Chunle Xiong, Benjamin J. Eggleton

Published Aug 25, 2015• 45 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Integrated sources of indistinguishable photons have attracted a lot of attention because of their applications in quantum communication and optical quantum computing. Here, we demonstrate an ultra-compact quantum splitter for degenerate single photons based on a monolithic chip incorporating Sagnac loop and a micro-ring resonator with a footprint of 0.011 mm2, generating and deterministically splitting indistinguishable photon pairs using time-reversed Hong-Ou-Mandel interference. The ring resonator provides enhanced photon generation rate, and the Sagnac loop ensures the photons travel through equal path lengths and interfere with the correct phase to enable the reversed HOM effect to take place. In the experiment, we observed a HOM dip visibility of 94.5 +- 3.3 %, indicating the photons generated by the degenerate single photon source are in a suitable state for further integration with other components for quantum applications, such as controlled-NOT gates.

DOI
10.1364/optica.2.000779

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Integrated sources of indistinguishable photons have attracted a lot of attention because of their applications in quantum communication and optical quantum computing. Here, we demonstrate an ultra-compact quantum splitter for degenerate single photons based on a monolithic chip incorporating Sagnac loop and a micro-ring resonator with a footprint of 0.011 mm2, generating and deterministically splitting indistinguishable photon pairs using time-reversed Hong-Ou-Mandel interference. The ring resonator provides enhanced photon generation rate, and the Sagnac loop ensures the photons travel through equal path lengths and interfere with the correct phase to enable the reversed HOM effect to take place. In the experiment, we observed a HOM dip visibility of 94.5 +- 3.3 %, indicating the photons generated by the degenerate single photon source are in a suitable state for further integration with other components for quantum applications, such as controlled-NOT gates.
Integrated sources of indistinguishable photons have garnered significant attention due to their applications in optical quantum computing, quantum communication and quantum networks. However, photons generated from spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) always occur in pairs, which need to be split into different modes for further applications. Here, we present a quantum splitter for degenerate photon pairs based on a silicon photonic chip. This device incorporates a Sagnac loop, two asymmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers (AMZIs), and a spiral waveguide. The spiral waveguide generates pairs of photons, the Sagnac loop facilitates bidirectional pumping of the source, and the two AMZIs enables the extraction of photons from the pump light. The photons generated from two directions interfere at a balanced multi-mode interferemeter (MMI) to enable the reversed Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect to take place. Our experimental results demonstrated an on-chip interference visibility of 96.63% and an off-chip HOM dip visibility of 90.93%, indicating that the generated photons are well-suited for further integration with other components in quantum applications.
By utilizing a fiber-based indistinguishable photon-pair source in the $1.55\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ telecommunications band [J. Chen et al., Opt. Lett. 31, 2798 (2006)], we present the first, to the best of our knowledge, deterministic quantum splitter based on the principle of time-reversed Hong-Ou-Mandel quantum interference. The deterministically separated identical photons' indistinguishability is then verified by using a conventional Hong-Ou-Mandel quantum interference, which exhibits a near-unity dip visibility of $94\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1%$, making this quantum splitter useful for various quantum information processing applications.
Integrated silicon micro-ring resonator (MRR) has been widely used as on-chip single photon source. In this paper, we introduce an approach to generate frequency-degenerate photons by bidirectionally pumping an add-drop micro-ring resonator (MRR) within a Sagnac loop configuration. This scheme facilitates the concurrent generation of photon pairs from both clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) directions, transforming a single MRR into a dual-source system. Through CMOS fabrication techniques, we realized the proposed device and conducted measurements of key parameters including the single side count rate (SSCR), coincidence count rate (CCR), and coincidence-to-accidental coincidence ratio (CAR) for both directional outputs. Notably, the CCRs exhibit remarkable similarity between the two sources, reaching approximately 550 Hz at an waveguide power of 0.59 mW. Furthermore, we observed a differential CAR, with the CCW direction yielding a lower value compared to the CW direction, with estimated maxima of 161 and 387, respectively. These findings underscore the viability of utilizing a singular MRR as a dual-source entity. Additionally, we outline the design of an on-chip structure for heralded Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference, necessitating 4-fold coincidences.Our work holds the promise of advancing the realm of large-scale integrated quantum photonic chips.
Quantum information science aims to revolutionize existing methods for manipulating data by utilizing the unique features of nonclassical physical phenomena. This control is realized over several platforms, one particular being photonics which employs state of the art fabrication techniques that achieve integrated nanocircuit components. The Hong-Ou-Mandel effect underlies the basic entangling mechanism of linear optical quantum computing, and is a critical feature in the design of nanophotonic circuits used for quantum information processing. We will present some results from an on-chip Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) experiment that replaces the conventional beam splitter with a more compact and highly versatile ring resonator allowing greater functionality with an expanded parameter space dubbed Hong-Ou-Mandel Manifold (HOMM). The overarching goal of this work is to demonstrate on-chip, scalable, dynamically configurable quantum-optical interconnects for integration into photonic quantum information processing devices.
Sources of entanglement are an enabling resource in quantum technology, and pushing the limits of generation rate and quality of entanglement is a necessary prerequisite towards practical applications. Here, we present an ultrabright source of polarization-entangled photon pairs based on time-reversed Hong-Ou-Mandel interference. By superimposing four pair-creation possibilities on a polarization beam splitter, pairs of identical photons are separated into two spatial modes without the usual requirement for wavelength distinguishability or noncollinear emission angles. Our source yields high-fidelity polarization entanglement and high pair-generation rates without any requirement for active interferometric stabilization, which makes it an ideal candidate for a variety of applications, in particular those requiring indistinguishable photons.