We investigate how the efficiency of the quantum teleportation protocol is affected when the qubits involved in the protocol are subjected to noise or decoherence. We study all types of noise usually encountered in real-world implementations of quantum communication protocols, namely, the bit-flip, phase-flip (phase damping), depolarizing, and amplitude-damping noise. Several realistic scenarios are studied in which a part or all of the qubits employed in the execution of the quantum teleportation protocol are subjected to the same or different types of noise. We find noise scenarios not yet known in which more noise or less entanglement lead to more efficiency. Furthermore, we show that if noise is unavoidable it is better to subject the qubits to different noise channels in order to obtain an increase in the efficiency of the protocol.
We investigate how the efficiency of the quantum teleportation protocol is affected when the qubits involved in the protocol are subjected to noise or decoherence. We study all types of noise usually encountered in real-world implementations of quantum communication protocols, namely, the bit-flip, phase-flip (phase damping), depolarizing, and amplitude-damping noise. Several realistic scenarios are studied in which a part or all of the qubits employed in the execution of the quantum teleportation protocol are subjected to the same or different types of noise. We find noise scenarios not yet known in which more noise or less entanglement lead to more efficiency. Furthermore, we show that if noise is unavoidable it is better to subject the qubits to different noise channels in order to obtain an increase in the efficiency of the protocol.
We investigate how the efficiency is affected on the controlled remote state preparation protocol in noise environment, where all possible types of noise are considered in realistic quantum communication protocols. We discuss the several realistic scenarios, i.e., a part and all of the qubits are subjected to the same or different types of noise. We find that more noise or less entanglement of qubits environment lead to more efficiency in terms of average fidelity. Furthermore, we show that a better approach to subject the qubits in different noise channels in order to obtain an increase of the efficiency for the protocol.
In the actual quantum communication process, there will inevitably be noise in the quantum channel. In this chapter, we consider teleportation protocols in noisy environment. There are different types of noises, which are amplitude-damping, bit-flip, phase-flip, phase-damping, depolarizing noise, etc. Throughout this chapter, four types of noises are considered, namely amplitude-damping, bit-flip, phase-flip, phase-damping, under which teleportation without and with control are presented. The analysis of fidelity of the process against the variation of noise parameters are also discussed. Teleportation through noisy environment have been discussed in a good number of papers like [ 43 , 57 , 60 , 63 , 69 , 79 , 92 , 96 , 114 , 178 , 198 , 204 ].
Noise is a major challenge in quantum computing, affecting the reliability of quantum protocols. In this work, we analytically study the impact of various noise processes, such as depolarization, bit flip, and phase flip, on the quantum state teleportation protocol. Each noise process is modeled as a quantum channel and is applied individually to all qubits after the corresponding unitary operations to simulate realistic conditions. We evaluate the fidelity between the ideal and noisy teleported states to quantify the effect of noise. Our analysis shows that the fidelity decreases polynomially, in general, as the noise strength increases for all noise types, highlighting the sensitivity of state teleportation to different noise mechanisms. However, in the low noise regime, the fidelity decreases only linearly, indicating the robustness of the teleportation protocol. These results provide insight into error characterization and can inform strategies for noise mitigation in practical quantum computing applications.
Abstract Quantum communication is an integral part of quantum computing, where teleportation of a quantum state has gained significant attention from researchers. Many teleportation schemes have been introduced in the recent past. In this study, the authors compare the teleportation of a single‐qubit message among different entangled channels such as the two‐qubit Bell channel, three‐qubit GHZ channel, two/three‐qubit cluster states, a highly entangled five‐qubit state (Brown et al.) and the six‐qubit state (Borras et al.). The authors calculate and compare the quantum costs for these channels. The authors also study the effects of six noise models: bit‐flip noise, phase‐flip noise, bit‐phase‐flip noise, amplitude damping, phase damping and depolarising error. These noise models may affect the communication channel used for teleportation. An investigation of the variation of the initial state's fidelity is performed for the teleported state in the presence of the noise model. It is observed that the fidelity decreases in all the entangled channels as the noise parameter η increases in the range [0, 0.5] for all the noise models. The fidelity shows an upward trend in the Bell, GHZ and three‐qubit cluster state channels, as η varies in the range [0.5, 1.0] for all the noise models. However, in the rest of the three channels, the fidelity substantially decreases in the case of amplitude damping, phase damping and depolarising noise, and even it reaches zero for η = 1 in Brown et al. and Borras et al. channels.
In the domain of quantum communication, quantum teleportation (QT) emerges as a pivotal protocol, enabling the transmission of quantum states across significant distances. However, the ubiquitous presence of quantum noise inevitably affects this process, causing deviations in the teleported state from its intended configuration. This study proposes an innovative approach to mitigate noise error (bit-flip and phase-flip) and within quantum channels. The method involves implementing quantum gates between communicating parties, effectively diminishing the impact of these noise types on the entangled channel and enhancing QT efficacy in noise-prone environments. Experimental results demonstrate that noisy channel has low-fidelity 16.67% in bit flip noise and 68.60% in phase flip noise. The proposed noise mitigation quantum circuit attained the 100% fidelity.
In order to improve the anti-noise performance of quantum teleportation, this paper proposes a novel dynamic quantum anti-noise scheme based on the quantum teleportation which transmits single qubit state using Bell state. Considering that quantum noise only acts on the transmitted qubit, i.e., the entangled state that Alice and Bob share in advance is affected by the noise, thus affecting the final transmission result. In this paper, a method for dynamically adjusting the shared entangled state according to the noise environment is proposed. By calculating the maximum fidelity of the output state to determine the shared entangled state, which makes the quantum teleportation be affected by the noise as little as possible. This paper calculates the fidelity of teleportation under four kinds of channel noise (amplitude damping, phase damping, bit flip and depolarizing noise). The results show that the scheme has a suppression effect on phase damping, bit flip and depolarizing noise under certain conditions. When the noise intensity is larger, the optimized efficiency is better.