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arXiv:1503.08184 · Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Long-time joint spectra and entanglement of two photoelectrons originating in interacting auto-ionization systems

Jan Peřina, Antonín Lukš, W. Leoński

Published May 8, 2015• 3 citations
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Abstract

Abstract Two auto-ionization systems in a stationary optical field that are mutually interacting via the dipole–dipole interaction are considered. Their evolution is found analytically. Joint spectra of two ionized electrons are analyzed in detail in the long-time limit for comparable strengths of direct and indirect ionization paths as well as the dominating indirect ionization path. Entanglement in the state of two ionized electrons is quantified using the density of quadratic negativity. Suitable conditions for obtaining highly entangled states are discussed.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/48/11/115007

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Abstract Two auto-ionization systems in a stationary optical field that are mutually interacting via the dipole–dipole interaction are considered. Their evolution is found analytically. Joint spectra of two ionized electrons are analyzed in detail in the long-time limit for comparable strengths of direct and indirect ionization paths as well as the dominating indirect ionization path. Entanglement in the state of two ionized electrons is quantified using the density of quadratic negativity. Suitable conditions for obtaining highly entangled states are discussed.
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Photoelectron ionization spectra of an autoionization system with one discrete level interacting with a neighbor two-level atom are discussed. The formula for long-time ionization spectra is derived. According to this formula, the spectra can be composed of up to eight peaks. Moreover, the Fano-like zeros for weak optical pumping are identified in these spectra. The conditional ionization spectra depending on the state of the neighbor atom exhibit oscillations at the Rabi frequency. Dynamical spectral zeros occurring once per the Rabi period are revealed in these spectra.
In the theoretical study of photoionization, certain properties of the photoelectrons are not defined in terms of any (even idealized) model for the electron-detection process, in contrast to the well-known Glauber theory of photon detection. Thus, for instance, the energy spectrum of the electron produced in atomic ionization is usually defined simply as the long-time probability for the electron to have a given energy. In this paper a formal model for an electron detector localized to a small region in space, similar to the DeWitt monopole detector, is set up in terms of which results analogous to those obtained for photon detection in the Glauber theory can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to define correlation functions describing the joint probability of detecting an electron and a photon. This correlation function is calculated here in the case of two-photon ionization of an atom modeled as having two discrete energy levels and an ionization continuum. When the atom is subjected to an incident driving field, both a photoelectron and scattered photons arising from the spontaneous decay of the upper of the two discrete levels are produced. Correlations between these photons and the photoelectron are studied here by considering the joint probability of detection of a photoelectron and a scattered photon for a monochromatic driving field.