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arXiv:1312.5452 · Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Observation and measurement of an extra phase shift created by optically detuned light storage in metastable helium

Marie-Aude Maynard, Tarek Labidi, Musawwadah Mukhtar, S. Kumar, Rupamanjari Ghosh, Fabien Bretenaker, Fabienne Goldfarb

Published Feb 1, 2014• 7 citations
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Abstract

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in metastable helium at room temperature is experimentally shown to exhibit light storage capabilities for intermediate values of the detuning between the coupling and probe beams and the center of the atomic Doppler profiles. An additional phase shift is shown to be imposed to the retrieved pulse of light when the EIT protocol is performed at non-zero optical detunings. The value of this phase shift is measured for different optical detunings between 0 and 2 GHz, and its origin is discussed.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/105/44002

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Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in metastable helium at room temperature is experimentally shown to exhibit light storage capabilities for intermediate values of the detuning between the coupling and probe beams and the center of the atomic Doppler profiles. An additional phase shift is shown to be imposed to the retrieved pulse of light when the EIT protocol is performed at non-zero optical detunings. The value of this phase shift is measured for different optical detunings between 0 and 2 GHz, and its origin is discussed.
Storing light based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) provides a coherent way to transfer wave functions between photons and matters. The storage device is promising for the application of quantum memory. An important figure of merit for optical memory is fidelity, which can be degraded by either a two-photon detuning or an axial magnetic field gradient in the EIT scheme. We systematically studied the phase of readout light pulses with the beat-note interferometer. The detuning induces a nonuniform phase variation during the pulse propagation and a uniform phase shift during the light storage; in addition, the field gradient induces a nonuniform phase variation during the storage. We further demonstrated that the phase measurement can be used to diagnose a two-photon detuning below 10 kHz (or 1/600 of the excited-state natural linewidth) and a magnetic field gradient as low as 2 mG/cm. The fidelity of the readout pulse from the EIT memory can be achieved to 0.94. Our work provides useful information for practical applications of EIT-based quantum memory and advances the knowledge of EIT-related research fields.
We experimentally demonstrate electromagnetically induced transparency and light storage with ultracold 87Rb atoms in a Mott insulating state in a three-dimensional optical lattice. We have observed light storage times of approximately 240 ms, to our knowledge the longest ever achieved in ultracold atomic samples. Using the differential light shift caused by a spatially inhomogeneous far detuned light field we imprint a "phase gradient" across the atomic sample, resulting in controlled angular redirection of the retrieved light pulse.
We investigate the storage of light in an atomic sample with a Lambda-type coupling scheme driven by optical fields at variable two-photon detuning. In the presence of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), light is stored and retrieved from the sample by dynamically varying the group velocity. It is found that for any two-photon detuning of the input light pulse within the EIT transparency window, the carrier frequency of the retrieved light pulse matches the two-photon resonance frequency with the atomic ground state transition and the control field. This effect which is not based on spectral filtering is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. It can be used for high-speed precision measurements of the two-photon resonance as employed, e.g., in optical magnetometry.
We analyze the dependence of the transmission profiles of an atom in a tripod configuration on the polarizations of the coupling and the probe beams and use room-temperature metastable helium (4{}^{4}4He*) as a model system. We show that, by rotating the orthogonally polarized coupling-probe beams with respect to an applied small magnetic field, one can manipulate the detuned peaks due to electromagnetically induced transparency [Kumar, Laupr\^etre, Ghosh, Bretenaker, and Goldfarb, Phys. Rev. A 84, 023811 (2011)] and the central peak arising because of ground-state coherent population oscillations [Laupr\^etre, Kumar, Berger, Faoro, Ghosh, Bretenaker, and Goldfarb, Phys. Rev. A 85, 051805(R) (2012)] observed earlier separately. Our experimental results match well with our numerical simulation using the Floquet method.