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arXiv:1310.6861

Geometric measure for two-qubit CS-states: an exactly solvable model

Masoud Abolfathiyar, Entekhabi Sina

Published Oct 25, 2013• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Newly, during an analytical calculation M. A. Yurischev [arXiv: 1302.5239 (2013)] prove that quantum discord (or entanglement) remains unchangeable for any centrosymmetric (CS) states that are converted to their corresponding mode X. In this paper, in addition to the above calculations, the conditions which geometric measure remains constant are presented. This work will be completed with discussion about two physical examples.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1310.6861

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Newly, during an analytical calculation M. A. Yurischev [arXiv: 1302.5239 (2013)] prove that quantum discord (or entanglement) remains unchangeable for any centrosymmetric (CS) states that are converted to their corresponding mode X. In this paper, in addition to the above calculations, the conditions which geometric measure remains constant are presented. This work will be completed with discussion about two physical examples.
We found an universal local unitary (orthogonal) transformation which transforms any centrosymmetric (CS) density matrix ρ_{CS} into the X density matrix ρ_X: H\otimes Hρ_{CS}H\otimes H=ρ_X, where H is the Hadamard transformation. Because quantum discord is invariant under the local unitary transformations, this remarkable property allows to get the discord of general two-qubit CS states in the analytical form using the corresponding well-known formulas for the X states. Examples of systems with CS density matrices provided from the recent literature, including XXZ spin model with the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction, a gas of spin-carrying particles in closed nanopore, and a family of pseudopure states.
The geometric quantum discord of a two-qudit state has been studied in many papers; however, its exact analytical value in the explicit form is known only for a general two-qubit state, a general qubit-qudit state, and some special families of two-qudit states. Based on the general Bloch vectors formalism [E. R. Loubenets et al., J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 54, 195301 (2021)], we find the explicit exact analytical value of the geometric quantum discord for an arbitrary two-qudit state of any dimension via the parameters of its correlation matrix and the Bloch vectors of its reduced states. This general analytical result includes all the known exact results on the geometric quantum discord only as particular cases and proves rigorously that the lower bound on the geometric discord presented in [S. Rana et al., Phys. Rev. A 85, 024102 (2012)] constitutes its exact value for each two-qudit state. Moreover, our general result allows us to find for an arbitrary two-qudit state, pure or mixed, the upper and lower bounds on its geometric quantum discord, expressed via the Hilbert space characteristics of this state.
Abstract A generalization of the geometric measure of quantum discord is introduced in this article, based on Hellinger distance. Our definition has virtues of computability and independence of local measurement. In addition it also does not suffer from the recently raised critiques about quantum discord. The exact result can be obtained for bipartite pure states with arbitrary levels, which is completely determined by the Schmidt decomposition. For bipartite mixed states the exact result can also be found for a special case. Furthermore the generalization into multipartite case is direct. It is shown that it can be evaluated exactly when the measured state is invariant under permutation or translation. In addition the detection of quantum phase transition is also discussed for Lipkin–Meshkov–Glick and Dicke model.
We study the dynamics of geometric measure of quantum discord. The model under consideration is a physical system of two qubits coupled with two independent bosonic reservoirs described by Ohmic-like spectral densities. We aim to find how the system's geometric measure of quantum discord evolves, and whether and in what conditions it may remain constant for a time interval or be frozen forever. Our result shows that by properly choosing the system's initial states, geometric measure of quantum discord may hold a frozen phenomenon in a time interval for all the three types of reservoirs, sub-Ohmic, Ohmic, and super-Ohmic reservoirs, and it may also hold a time-invariant phenomenon for super-Ohmic reservoirs. The conditions satisfied by the coefficients of standard Bell-diagonal states, in which the frozen phenomenon in a time interval or the time-invariant phenomenon of geometric measure of quantum discord appears, are given.
A generalization of the geometric measure of quantum discord is introduced in this article, based on Hellinger distance. Our definition has virtues of computability and independence of local measurement. In addition it also does not suffer from the recently raised critiques about quantum discord. The exact result can be obtained for bipartite pure states with arbitrary levels, which is completely determined by the Schmidt decomposition. For bipartite mixed states the exact result can also be found for a special case. Furthermore the generalization into multipartite case is direct. It is shown that it can be evaluated exactly when the measured state is invariant under permutation or translation. In addition the detection of quantum phase transition is also discussed for Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick and Dicke model.
Dakic, Vedral, and Brukner [arXiv:1004.0190 (2010)] introduced a geometric measure of quantum discord and derived an explicit formula for any two-qubit state. This measure is significant in capturing quantum correlations from a geometric perspective. In this brief report, we evaluate the geometric measure of quantum discord for an arbitrary state and obtain an explicit and tight lower bound. Furthermore, we reveal an intrinsic feature of geometric measure of quantum discord by showing that it actually coincides with a simpler quantity based on von Neumann measurements.