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arXiv:1308.5714 · Physical Review A

Shaking-induced dynamics of cold atoms in magnetic traps

Isabel Llorente‐Garcia, Benoît Darquié, Christopher D. J. Sinclair, E. A. Curtis, M. Tachikawa, J. J. Hudson, Edward A. Hinds

Published Oct 7, 2013• 5 citations
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Abstract

We describe an experiment in which cold rubidium atoms, confined in an elongated magnetic trap, are excited by transverse oscillation of the trap center. The temperature after excitation exhibits resonance as a function of the driving frequency. We measure these resonances at several different trap frequencies. In order to interpret the experiments, we develop a simple model that incorporates both collisions between atoms and the anharmonicity of the real three-dimensional trapping potential. As well as providing a precise connection between the transverse harmonic oscillation frequency and the temperature resonance frequency, this model gives insight into the heating and loss mechanisms and into the dynamics of driven clouds of cold trapped atoms.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.88.043406

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We describe an experiment in which cold rubidium atoms, confined in an elongated magnetic trap, are excited by transverse oscillation of the trap center. The temperature after excitation exhibits resonance as a function of the driving frequency. We measure these resonances at several different trap frequencies. In order to interpret the experiments, we develop a simple model that incorporates both collisions between atoms and the anharmonicity of the real three-dimensional trapping potential. As well as providing a precise connection between the transverse harmonic oscillation frequency and the temperature resonance frequency, this model gives insight into the heating and loss mechanisms and into the dynamics of driven clouds of cold trapped atoms.
Abstract We report the first observation of motional excitation induced by parametric resonance of cold 133^{133}133Cs atoms in a dual-species magneto-optical trap (MOT) simultaneously trapping 133 Cs and 85 Rb atoms. By modulating the cooling laser’s intensity at approximately twice the resonant frequency of the trap, the atoms inside the trap separate into two atomic clouds, oscillating with a π phase difference due to the trap potential’s nonlinearity, resulting in a finite oscillation length. This behavior reflects general nonlinear dynamics and is described as a Hopf bifurcation or limit cycle motion. The measured oscillation amplitude was compared with theoretical calculations derived from simple Doppler cooling theory, changing modulation amplitude, magnetic field gradient, and saturation parameter. In addition, we investigate the noise-induced switching dynamics by measuring the temporal evolution of atomic populations localized in each of the two attractors under resonant symmetry lifting induced by an effective bias field. Notably, this dual-species MOT system is expected to provide a new platform for studying nonlinear and nonequilibrium dynamics between cold rubidium and cesium atomic ensembles. PACS numbers: 37.10.Vz, 37.10.De, 37.10.Gh
A combined gravitomagnetic trap was used to measure how the anharmonicity of a trapping potential affects the dynamics of a cold atomic cloud. A displacement of the effective potential minimum as a function of the ensemble temperature was observed. The effect is a direct consequence of the thermal nature of the atomic sample. The results of both a theory approach to the dynamical evolution of the atomic cloud and a numerical simulation are in very good agreement with the experimental observations. The effect can be exploited to devise a novel measurement technique for the temperature of a trapped atomic cloud, as well as to separate thermal and condensed phases in Bose-Einstein condensation experiments.
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We have developed a method for treating ultracold pair collisions in confined geometry of tight atomic waveguides. With this approach we have predicted and analyzed a few novel resonant and multichannel effects induced by confining traps in ultracold atomic collisions. In this report we discuss our model yielding the shifts and widths of magnetic Feshbach resonances in tight atomic waveguides. We also briefly discuss a resonant mechanism of molecule formation in atomic traps with transferring the energy release to the center-of-mass excitation while forming molecule and dipolar confinement-induced resonances in waveguides. These results could potentially be used experimentally.