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arXiv:1307.3740

One-Dimensional Tunnel-Junction Formula for Schrodinger Particle

Masao Hirokawa, Takuya Kosaka

Published Jul 14, 2013• 0 citations
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Abstract

We handle all the self-adjoint extensions of the minimal Schroedinger operator for the non-relativistic electron living in the one-dimensional configuration space with a junction. We are interested in every boundary condition corresponding to the individual self-adjoint extension. Thus, we clarify all the types of those boundary conditions of the wave functions of the non-relativistic electron. We find a tunnel-junction formula for the non-relativistic electron passing through the junction. Using this tunnel-junction formula, we propose a mathematical possibility of a tunnel-junction device for qubit.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1307.3740

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We handle all the self-adjoint extensions of the minimal Schroedinger operator for the non-relativistic electron living in the one-dimensional configuration space with a junction. We are interested in every boundary condition corresponding to the individual self-adjoint extension. Thus, we clarify all the types of those boundary conditions of the wave functions of the non-relativistic electron. We find a tunnel-junction formula for the non-relativistic electron passing through the junction. Using this tunnel-junction formula, we propose a mathematical possibility of a tunnel-junction device for qubit.
We handle all the self-adjoint extensions of the minimal Schrödinger operator for the nonrelativistic electron living in the one-dimensional configuration space with a junction. We are interested in every boundary condition corresponding to the individual self-adjoint extension. Thus, we clarify all the types of those boundary conditions of the wave functions of the nonrelativistic electron. We find concrete tunnel-junction formulae for the nonrelativistic electron passing through the junction, which reveals the phase factor caused by the tunneling through the junction. Using this tunnel-junction formula, we propose a mathematical possibility of a tunnel-junction device for qubit.
One-dimensional quantum systems can be experimentally studied in recent nanotechnology like the carbon nanotube and the nanowire. We have considered the mathematical model of a one-dimensional Schrödinger particle with a junction and have analyzed the phase factor in the boundary condition of the junction. We have shown that the phase factor in the tunneling case appears in the situation of the non-adiabatic transition with the three energy levels in the exact Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin analysis.
We present a mathematically rigorous quantum-mechanical treatment of a one-dimensional non-relativistic motion of a particle in the potential field , For g 2 >0 and g 1 <0, the potential is known as the Kratzer potential V K ( x ) and is usually used to describe molecular energy and structure, interactions between different molecules and interactions between non-bonded atoms. We construct all self-adjoint Schrödinger operators with the potential V ( x ) and represent rigorous solutions of the corresponding spectral problems. Solving the first part of the problem, we use a method of specifying self-adjoint extensions by (asymptotic) self-adjoint boundary conditions. Solving spectral problems, we follow Krein's method of guiding functionals. This work is a continuation of our previous works devoted to the Coulomb, Calogero and Aharonov–Bohm potentials.
A new definition of the function of a differential operator that leads to local operators of infinite order is proposed. It allows one to obtain an expression for the square root of the differential operator (the Hamiltonian of a free spinless particle) and to determine the relativistic Schrödinger equation as a close analog of the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation. It is shown that this equation does not lead to difficulties of the Klein-Gordon equation. Boundary conditions that lead to self-adjoint boundary problems similar to Sturm-Liouville problems, periodic boundary value problems, and singular boundary value problems are determined. Some problems of relativistic quantum mechanics are solved.
Quantum tunneling of a nonrelativistic particle through a singular potential barrier V is studied on the line. The Hamiltonian is a self-adjoint extension of the operator H1=−d2/dx2+V(x). If H1 is essentially self-adjoint on its natural domain, the tunneling is forbidden for a class of potentials that includes all semiclassically impenetrable barriers. If H1 is not essentially self-adjoint, the Friedrichs extension of H1 yields no tunneling for another class of potentials which again includes the semiclassically impenetrable ones. In general, the occurrence of tunneling is not excluded and depends on the self-adjoint extension we choose as the Hamiltonian of our problem. As an example, we evaluate the transmission coefficient for all self-adjoint extensions of the operator H1 referring to V(x)=gx−2 with 0<g< 3/4 .