Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1306.3518 · Physical Review A

Radio-frequency-spectroscopy measurement of the Landé gJ factor of the 5D5/2 state of Ba + with a single trapped ion

Matthew Hoffman, Thomas W. Noel, Carolyn Auchter, Anupriya Jayakumar, Spencer Williams, B. B. Blinov, E. Norval Fortson

Published Aug 28, 2013• 14 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We report an improved measurement of the Land\'e ${g}_{J}$ factor of the $5{D}_{5/2}$ state of singly ionized barium. Measurements were performed on single Doppler-cooled ${}^{138}$Ba${}^{+}$ ions in linear Paul traps using two similar, independent apparatuses. Transitions between Zeeman sublevels of the $6{S}_{1/2}$ and $5{D}_{5/2}$ states were driven with two independent, stabilized radio-frequency synthesizers using a dedicated electrode within each ion trap chamber. State detection within each Zeeman manifold was achieved with a frequency-stabilized fiber laser operating at 1.76 $\ensuremath{\mu}$m. By calculating the ratio of the two Zeeman splittings, and using the measured Land\'e ${g}_{J}$ factor of the $6{S}_{1/2}$ state, we find a value of 1.200 372$({4}_{\mathrm{stat}})({7}_{\mathrm{sys}})$ for ${g}_{{D}_{5/2}}$.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.88.025401

Related papers

Measurement of the Landé g factor of the 5D5/2 state of Ba ii with a single trapped ion

Nathan Kurz, Matthew Dietrich, Gang Shu +2 more

We present a terrestrial measurement of the Land\'e $g$ factor of the $5{D}_{5/2}$ state of singly ionized barium. Measurements were performed on single Doppler-cooled ${}^{138}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ ions in a linear Paul trap. A frequency-stabilized fiber laser with a nominal wavelength of $1.762$ $\ensuremath{\mu}$m was scanned across the $6{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}5{D}_{5/2}$ transition to spectroscopically resolve transitions between Zeeman sublevels of the ground and excited states. From the relative positions of the four narrow transitions observed at several different values for the applied magnetic field, we find a value of $1.2020\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0005$ for ${g}_{5{D}_{5/2}}$.

arXiv:1007.1481•Physical Review A•Sep 27, 2010•6 citations

Determination of hyperfine splittings and Landé gJ factors of 5s2S1/2 and 5p2P1/2,3/2 states of Cd+111,113 for microwave frequency standards

J. Z. Han, R. Si, H. R. Qin +6 more

Regarding microwave frequency standards based on trapped ions, we report on the determination of the hyperfine splittings and the Land\'e ${g}_{J}$ factors of $^{111,113}\mathrm{Cd}^{+}$. The hyperfine splittings and Land\'e ${g}_{J}$ factors of the $5s{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{S}_{1/2}$ and $5p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2,3/2}$ states of $^{111,113}\mathrm{Cd}^{+}$ are calculated using the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock scheme. Furthermore, the hyperfine splittings of the $5p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{3/2}$ state of $^{111,113}\mathrm{Cd}^{+}$ are derived based on the laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{+}$ ions are confined in a linear Paul trap and sympathetically cooled by laser-cooled ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ ions. The calculated values and the derived values are cross-checked, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of our results. The results provided in this paper can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the clock transition and the accuracy of the second-order Zeeman shift correction, thus further improving the stability and accuracy of the microwave frequency standards based on trapped $^{111,113}\mathrm{Cd}^{+}$ ions.

arXiv:2201.06719•Physical Review A•Jul 27, 2022•6 citations

Dual-Platform Precision Measurement of the $3^2D_{5/2}$ to $4^2S_{1/2}$ $g$-Factor Ratio in $^{40}\text{Ca}^+$

Brian J. McMahon, Vikram S. Sandhu, John M. Gray +5 more

We report precision measurements of the ratio of Landé $g$ factors between the $3^2D_{5/2}$ and $4^2S_{1/2}$ states of a single trapped $^{40}\text{Ca}^+$ ion. The measurements are performed in two distinct ion trap apparatus: a cryogenic surface electrode radiofrequency Paul trap and a room-temperature permanent magnet Penning trap. The Penning trap measurements rely on resonant microwave excitation of magnetic sublevels and yield a ratio of $0.599~488~813~3(2)$, which is a more than 40-fold uncertainty reduction compared to previous work. The radiofrequency trap measurements utilize optical electric quadrupole transitions and yield a concurring value of $0.599~488~813(6)$. We estimate that systematic shifts for each system are well below the respective statistical uncertainty.

physics.atom-phCross-listedarXiv:2607.07929•Jul 10, 2026•0 citations

Experimental gJ factor in the metastable 5 D3/2 level of Ba+

K. H. Knöll, G. Marx, K. Hübner +4 more

The Zeeman splitting of the metastable 5${\mathit{D}}_{3/2}$ level of $^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}$ in a magnetic field of 6 T has been measured in a laser-microwave double resonance experiment in a Penning ion trap. The magnetic field at the ion's position is determined by the cyclotron frequency of electrons stored in the same trap. From the ratio of both transition frequencies we obtain a ${\mathit{g}}_{\mathit{J}}$ value of 0.799 327 8(3). As a by-product, we confirmed earlier measurements on the 6${\mathit{S}}_{1/2}$ ground-state ${\mathit{g}}_{\mathit{J}}$ factor to 2.002 492 2(10). The precision in both experiments is sufficient to test relativistic many-body calculations. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

Physical Review A•Aug 1, 1996•23 citations

Precision Measurements of the Ba+138 6sS21/2−5dD25/2 Clock Transition

K. J. Arnold, R. Kaewuam, Sapam Ranjita Chanu +3 more

Measurement of the $^{138}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ ${^{2}S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}{^{2}D}_{5/2}$ clock transition frequency and ${D}_{5/2}$ Land\'e ${g}_{J}$ factor are reported. The clock transition frequency ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}}=170126432449333.31\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}(0.39{)}_{\mathrm{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}(0.29{)}_{\mathrm{sys}}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Hz}$, is obtained with accuracy limited by the frequency calibration of the maser used as a reference oscillator. The Land\'e ${g}_{J}$ factor for the ${^{2}D}_{5/2}$ level is determined to be ${g}_{D}=1.20036739(24)$, which is a 30-fold improvement on previous measurements. The $g$-factor measurements are corrected for an ac-magnetic field from trap-drive-induced currents in the electrodes, and data taken over a range of magnetic fields underscores the importance of accounting for this systematic.

arXiv:1906.09150•Physical Review Letters•May 11, 2020•32 citations

Precision Measurement of Light Shifts in a Single Trapped Ba+ Ion

Jeff A. Sherman, Timo Koerber, Anna Markhotok +2 more

Using a single trapped barium ion we have developed an rf spectroscopy technique to measure the ratio of the off-resonant vector ac Stark effect (or light shift) in the $6{S}_{1/2}$ and $5{D}_{5/2}$ states to 0.1% precision. We find $R={\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{S}/{\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{D}=\ensuremath{-}11.494(13)$ at 514.531 nm where ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{S,D}$ are the light shifts of the $m=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1/2$ splittings due to circularly polarized light. Comparison of this result with an ab initio calculation of $R$ would yield a new test of atomic theory and improve the understanding of atomic structure needed to interpret a proposed atomic parity violation experiment. By appropriately choosing an off-resonant light shift wavelength one can emphasize the contribution of one or a few dipole matrix elements and precisely determine their values.

arXiv:physics/0502113•Physical Review Letters•Jun 21, 2005•60 citations
We report an improved measurement of the Land'e gJ{g}_{J}gJ​ factor of the 5D5/25{D}_{5/2}5D5/2​ state of singly ionized barium. Measurements were performed on single Doppler-cooled 138{}^{138}138Ba+{}^{+}+ ions in linear Paul traps using two similar, independent apparatuses. Transitions between Zeeman sublevels of the 6S1/26{S}_{1/2}6S1/2​ and 5D5/25{D}_{5/2}5D5/2​ states were driven with two independent, stabilized radio-frequency synthesizers using a dedicated electrode within each ion trap chamber. State detection within each Zeeman manifold was achieved with a frequency-stabilized fiber laser operating at 1.76 \ensuremathμ\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremathμm. By calculating the ratio of the two Zeeman splittings, and using the measured Land'e gJ{g}_{J}gJ​ factor of the 6S1/26{S}_{1/2}6S1/2​ state, we find a value of 1.200 372(4stat)(7sys)({4}_{\mathrm{stat}})({7}_{\mathrm{sys}})(4stat​)(7sys​) for gD5/2{g}_{{D}_{5/2}}gD5/2​​.
We present a terrestrial measurement of the Land\'e ggg factor of the 5D5/25{D}_{5/2}5D5/2​ state of singly ionized barium. Measurements were performed on single Doppler-cooled 138Ba+{}^{138}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}138Ba+ ions in a linear Paul trap. A frequency-stabilized fiber laser with a nominal wavelength of 1.7621.7621.762 $\ensuremath{\mu}$m was scanned across the $6{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}5{D}_{5/2}$ transition to spectroscopically resolve transitions between Zeeman sublevels of the ground and excited states. From the relative positions of the four narrow transitions observed at several different values for the applied magnetic field, we find a value of $1.2020\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0005$ for g5D5/2{g}_{5{D}_{5/2}}g5D5/2​​.
Regarding microwave frequency standards based on trapped ions, we report on the determination of the hyperfine splittings and the Land\'e gJ{g}_{J}gJ​ factors of 111,113Cd+^{111,113}\mathrm{Cd}^{+}111,113Cd+. The hyperfine splittings and Land\'e gJ{g}_{J}gJ​ factors of the 5s2S1/25s{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{S}_{1/2}5s2S1/2​ and 5p2P1/2,3/25p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2,3/2}5p2P1/2,3/2​ states of 111,113Cd+^{111,113}\mathrm{Cd}^{+}111,113Cd+ are calculated using the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock scheme. Furthermore, the hyperfine splittings of the 5p2P3/25p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{3/2}5p2P3/2​ state of 111,113Cd+^{111,113}\mathrm{Cd}^{+}111,113Cd+ are derived based on the laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The Cd+{\mathrm{Cd}}^{+}Cd+ ions are confined in a linear Paul trap and sympathetically cooled by laser-cooled Ca+{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}Ca+ ions. The calculated values and the derived values are cross-checked, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of our results. The results provided in this paper can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the clock transition and the accuracy of the second-order Zeeman shift correction, thus further improving the stability and accuracy of the microwave frequency standards based on trapped 111,113Cd+^{111,113}\mathrm{Cd}^{+}111,113Cd+ ions.
Dual-Platform Precision Measurement of the 32D5/23^2D_{5/2}32D5/2​ to 42S1/24^2S_{1/2}42S1/2​ ggg-Factor Ratio in 40Ca+^{40}\text{Ca}^+40Ca+
We report precision measurements of the ratio of Landé ggg factors between the 32D5/23^2D_{5/2}32D5/2​ and 42S1/24^2S_{1/2}42S1/2​ states of a single trapped 40Ca+^{40}\text{Ca}^+40Ca+ ion. The measurements are performed in two distinct ion trap apparatus: a cryogenic surface electrode radiofrequency Paul trap and a room-temperature permanent magnet Penning trap. The Penning trap measurements rely on resonant microwave excitation of magnetic sublevels and yield a ratio of 0.599 488 813 3(2)0.599~488~813~3(2)0.599 488 813 3(2), which is a more than 40-fold uncertainty reduction compared to previous work. The radiofrequency trap measurements utilize optical electric quadrupole transitions and yield a concurring value of 0.599 488 813(6)0.599~488~813(6)0.599 488 813(6). We estimate that systematic shifts for each system are well below the respective statistical uncertainty.
The Zeeman splitting of the metastable 5D3/2{\mathit{D}}_{3/2}D3/2​ level of 138Ba+^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}138Ba+ in a magnetic field of 6 T has been measured in a laser-microwave double resonance experiment in a Penning ion trap. The magnetic field at the ion's position is determined by the cyclotron frequency of electrons stored in the same trap. From the ratio of both transition frequencies we obtain a gJ{\mathit{g}}_{\mathit{J}}gJ​ value of 0.799 327 8(3). As a by-product, we confirmed earlier measurements on the 6S1/2{\mathit{S}}_{1/2}S1/2​ ground-state gJ{\mathit{g}}_{\mathit{J}}gJ​ factor to 2.002 492 2(10). The precision in both experiments is sufficient to test relativistic many-body calculations. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Measurement of the 138Ba+^{138}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}138Ba+ ${^{2}S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}{^{2}D}_{5/2}$ clock transition frequency and D5/2{D}_{5/2}D5/2​ Land\'e gJ{g}_{J}gJ​ factor are reported. The clock transition frequency ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}}=170126432449333.31\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}(0.39{)}_{\mathrm{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}(0.29{)}_{\mathrm{sys}}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Hz}$, is obtained with accuracy limited by the frequency calibration of the maser used as a reference oscillator. The Land\'e gJ{g}_{J}gJ​ factor for the 2D5/2{^{2}D}_{5/2}2D5/2​ level is determined to be gD=1.20036739(24){g}_{D}=1.20036739(24)gD​=1.20036739(24), which is a 30-fold improvement on previous measurements. The ggg-factor measurements are corrected for an ac-magnetic field from trap-drive-induced currents in the electrodes, and data taken over a range of magnetic fields underscores the importance of accounting for this systematic.
Using a single trapped barium ion we have developed an rf spectroscopy technique to measure the ratio of the off-resonant vector ac Stark effect (or light shift) in the 6S1/26{S}_{1/2}6S1/2​ and 5D5/25{D}_{5/2}5D5/2​ states to 0.1% precision. We find $R={\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{S}/{\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{D}=\ensuremath{-}11.494(13)$ at 514.531 nm where ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{S,D}$ are the light shifts of the $m=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1/2$ splittings due to circularly polarized light. Comparison of this result with an ab initio calculation of RRR would yield a new test of atomic theory and improve the understanding of atomic structure needed to interpret a proposed atomic parity violation experiment. By appropriately choosing an off-resonant light shift wavelength one can emphasize the contribution of one or a few dipole matrix elements and precisely determine their values.