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arXiv:1212.5467 · Nature Physics

Macroscopic quantum self-trapping and Josephson oscillations of exciton polaritons

Marco Abbarchi, Alberto Amo, V. G. Sala, Dmitry D. Solnyshkov, Hugo Flayac, Lydie Ferrier, Isabelle Sagnes, E. Galopin, Aristide Lemaître, G. Malpuech, Jacqueline Bloch

Published Apr 19, 2013• 344 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1038/nphys2609

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We analyze theoretically the role of the exciton-phonon interactions in phenomena related to the Josephson effect between two spatially separated exciton and exciton-polariton condensates. We consider the role of the dephasing introduced by phonons in such phenomena as Josephson tunneling, self-trapping and spontaneous polarization separation. In the regime of cw pumping we find a remarkable bistability effect arising from exciton-exciton interactions as well as regimes of self-sustained regular and chaotic oscillations.
We theoretically analyze exciton-photon oscillatory dynamics within a homogenous polariton gas in the presence of energy detuning between the cavity and quantum well modes. Whereas pure Rabi oscillations consist of the particle exchange between the photon and exciton states in the polariton system without any oscillations of the phases of the two subcondensates, we demonstrate that any nonzero detuning results in oscillations of the relative phase of the photon and exciton macroscopic wave functions. Different initial conditions reveal a variety of behaviors of the relative phase between the two condensates, and a crossover from Rabi-like to Josephson-like oscillations is predicted.
The polariton dynamics in a microcavity in the parametric oscillator mode, when two pump polaritons are transformed into signal and idler polaritons and vice versa, has been studied. A nonlinear differential equation is obtained, which describes the temporal evolution of pump-polariton density, the solution of which is expressed in terms of the Jacobi elliptical functions. The amplitude and period of polaritondensity oscillations are determined by the initial polariton densities and the resonance detuning. The possibility of self-trapping in exciton-polariton dynamics is predicted.