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arXiv:0911.1818 · Chinese Physics Letters

Antiferromagnetism of Repulsively Interacting Fermions in a Harmonic Trap

Qi Jian-Qing, Wang Lei, Xi Dai

Published Aug 1, 2010• 1 citation
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Abstract

We propose a real-space Gutzwiller variational approach and apply it to a system of repulsively interacting ultracold fermions with spin-½ trapped in an optical lattice with a harmonic confinement. Using the real-space Gutzwiller variational approach, we find that in a system with balanced spin-mixtures on a square lattice, antiferromagnetism either appears in a checkerboard pattern or forms a ring, and the antiferromagnetic order is stable in the regions where the particle density is close to one, which is consistent with the recent results obtained by the real-space dynamical mean-field theory approach. We also investigate the imbalanced case and find that the antiferromagnetic order is suppressed there.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/27/8/083102

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We propose a real-space Gutzwiller variational approach and apply it to a system of repulsively interacting ultracold fermions with spin-½ trapped in an optical lattice with a harmonic confinement. Using the real-space Gutzwiller variational approach, we find that in a system with balanced spin-mixtures on a square lattice, antiferromagnetism either appears in a checkerboard pattern or forms a ring, and the antiferromagnetic order is stable in the regions where the particle density is close to one, which is consistent with the recent results obtained by the real-space dynamical mean-field theory approach. We also investigate the imbalanced case and find that the antiferromagnetic order is suppressed there.
We apply dynamical mean-field theory to strongly interacting fermions in an inhomogeneous environment. With the help of this real-space dynamical mean-field theory (R-DMFT) we investigate antiferromagnetic states of repulsively interacting fermions with spin- in a harmonic potential. Within R-DMFT, antiferromagnetic order is found to be stable in spatial regions with total particle density close to one, but persists also in parts of the system where the local density significantly deviates from half filling. In systems with spin imbalance, we find that antiferromagnetism is gradually suppressed and phase separation emerges beyond a critical value of the spin imbalance.
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We study magnetic phases of two-component mixtures of ultracold fermions with repulsive interactions in optical lattices in the presence of both hopping and population imbalance by means of dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). It is shown that these mixtures can have easy-axis antiferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, charge-density wave, and canted-antiferromagnetic order or be unordered depending on parameters of the system. We study the resulting phase diagram in detail and investigate the stability of the different phases with respect to thermal fluctuations. We also perform a quantitative analysis for a gas confined in a harmonic trap, both within the local density approximation and using a full real-space generalization of DMFT.
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