Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:0903.3520

Autler-Townes effect in the D1-line hyperfine structure of an alkali atom

A. S. Sheremet, O. S. Mishina, Ларионов Николай Владимирович, Dmitriy V. Kupriyanov

Published Mar 20, 2009• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We consider the Autler-Townes effect when a strong coupling field is applied in the hyperfine manifold of an alkali atom. Explicit solution is obtained in the case of the D1-line. We show how the hyperfine interaction modifies the dressing effects associated with the strong field as well as the sample susceptibility with respect to the probe mode. Particularly, if the strong field is far detuned from the atomic resonance line the Autler-Townes structure differs significantly from the prediction of the Lambda-type approximation. We also find that tuning the strong field in between the upper state hyperfine components enhances the Autler-Townes effect. The results are discussed in the context of quantum memory protocols based on the stimulated Raman process or EIT effect.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0903.3520

Related papers

Autler—Townes effect in hyperfine structure of alkali-atom D 1 line

O. S. Mishina, A. S. Sheremet, Ларионов Николай Владимирович +1 more

The Autler—Townes effect is considered for the case where a strong control field acts in the frequency profile of a hyperfine transition taking into account the hyperfine interaction. An exact expression is derived for the susceptibility of the medium with respect to a probe field that acts in the frequency profile of a coupled transition of the alkaliatom D 1 line. It is shown that the hyperfine interaction in the excited state may substantially modify the susceptibility of the medium. In particular, it is shown that, when the control field is tuned to wings of atomic transitions, the structure of the Autler—Townes resonances appears to be noticeably differing from what is predicted by the Λ-scheme approximation. It is found that tuning of the control field frequency to between hyperfine components of the excited state enhances the resonant structure in this region. The results are discussed in terms of the quantum memory protocols based on the effects of Raman scattering and electromagnetically induced transparency.

Optics and Spectroscopy•Feb 1, 2010•8 citations

Hyperfine interaction in the Autler-Townes effect II: control of two-photon selection rules in the Morris-Shore basis

A. Cinins, Dmitry K. Efimov, Martins Bruvelis +6 more

We investigated the absence of certain bright peaks in Autler-Townes laser excitation spectra of alkali metal atoms. Our research revealed that these dips in the spectra are caused by a specific architecture of adiabatic (or ``laser-dressed'') states in hyperfine (HF) components. The dressed states' analysis pinpointed several cases where constructive and destructive interference between HF excitation pathways in a two-photon excitation scheme limits the available two-photon transitions. This results in a reduction of the conventional two-photon selection rule for the total angular momentum $F$, from $ΔF= 0,\pm 1$ to $ΔF\equiv 0$. Our discovery presents practical methods for selectively controlling the populations of unresolvable HF $F$-components of $ns_{1/2}$ Rydberg states in alkali metal atoms. Using numerical simulations with sodium and rubidium atoms, we demonstrate that by blocking the effects of HF interaction with a specially tuned auxiliary control laser field, the deviations from the ideal selectivity of the HF components population can be lower than $0.01\%$ for Na and $0.001\%$ for Rb atoms.

arXiv:2312.02801•Dec 5, 2023•0 citations

Quantum memory for light via a stimulated off-resonant Raman process: Beyond the three-level Λ -scheme approximation

A. S. Sheremet, L. V. Gerasimov, Igor M. Sokolov +4 more

We consider a quantum memory scheme based on the conversion of a signal pulse into a long-lived spin coherence via stimulated off-resonant Raman process. For a storing medium consisting of alkali-metal atoms, we have calculated the Autler-Townes resonance structure created by a strong control field. By taking into account the upper hyperfine states of the ${D}_{1}$ optical transition, we show important deviations from the predictions of the usual three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-scheme approximation and we demonstrate an enhancement of the process for particular detunings of the control. We estimate the memory efficiency one can obtain using this configuration.

arXiv:1007.3391•Physical Review A•Sep 30, 2010•31 citations

Electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes effect in a generalized L-system: A five-level model

A. Żaba, Van Cao Long, Małgorzata Głódź +5 more

We calculate electric susceptibility of a laser-dressed atomic medium.The model adopted in this work refers to the experiment with cold 85 Rb atoms, where the states F′ = 1, 2, 3 of the hyperfine manifold 5P 3/2 (F′) are strongly coupled with the ground state 5S 1/2 (F = 2), and the coupling is probed by a weak probing field from the other ground-state component 5S 1/2 (F = 3).We present a five-level model in which the states F = 2, 3 and F′ = 1, 2, 3 are taken into account, while the noncoupled state F′ = 4 is neglected.The model is used as a starting point to reproduce spectral features observed in the absorption of probe light passing through a cold sample of 85 Rb atoms in a magneto-optical trap.Basing on numerical solutions of this model, we have also studied in detail the impact on the probe spectra from the presence of the state F′ = 1 to which probing is forbidden by electric-dipole transition, but coupling is allowed [see, e.g., Proc. of SPIE 8770 (2013) 87700Q].

Ukrainian Journal of Physical Optics•Jan 1, 2013•2 citations

Hyperfine interaction in the Autler-Townes effect: The formation of bright, dark, and chameleon states

Teodora Kirova, A. Cinins, Dmitry K. Efimov +6 more

This paper is devoted to clarifying the implications of hyperfine (HF) interaction in the formation of adiabatic (i.e., ``laser-dressed'') states and their expression in the Autler-Townes (AT) spectra. We first use the Morris-Shore model [J. R. Morris and B. W. Shore, Phys. Rev. A 27, 906 (1983)] to illustrate how bright and dark states are formed in a simple reference system where closely spaced energy levels are coupled to a single state with a strong laser field with the respective Rabi frequency ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{S}$. We then expand the simulations to realistic hyperfine level systems in Na atoms for a more general case when non-negligible HF interaction can be treated as a perturbation in the total system Hamiltonian. A numerical analysis of the adiabatic states that are formed by coupling of the $3{p}_{3/2}$ and $4{d}_{5/2}$ states by the strong laser field and probed by a weak laser field on the $3{s}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}3{p}_{3/2}$ transition yielded two important conclusions. Firstly, the perturbation introduced by the HF interaction leads to the observation of what we term ``chameleon'' states---states that change their appearance in the AT spectrum, behaving as bright states at small to moderate ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{S}$, and fading from the spectrum similarly to dark states when ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{S}$ is much larger than the HF splitting of the $3{p}_{3/2}$ state. Secondly, excitation by the probe field from two different HF levels of the ground state allows one to address orthogonal sets of adiabatic states; this enables, with appropriate choice of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{S}$ and the involved quantum states, a selective excitation of otherwise unresolved hyperfine levels in excited electronic states.

Physical Review A•Oct 26, 2017•11 citations

Multiple peaks due to EIT and Autler-Townes effect in lambda-probing of the strongly driven 5P 3/2 manifold of cold85Rb atoms in MOT

E. Paul-Kwiek, Małgorzata Głódź, K. Kowalski +3 more

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes (A-T) effect were studied under conditions of strong coupling of the hyperfine manifold 5P3/2 (F') with the 5S 1/2 (F=2) ground state of cold 85Rb atoms in MOT. Transmission spectra of a weak probe beam, at the frequency scanned in the vicinity of the 5S1/2(F=3)→5P3/2(F') resonances were registered at various frequency settings of the coupling beam. The spectra were interpreted by applying optical Bloch equations. As a starting point, a 5-level model, accounting for F=2, 3 and F'=1, 2, 3 states was assumed (the noncoupled state F'=4 being neglected, but the F'=1 state, coupled but not directly probed, included, as its presence was found to be imprinted in the spectra). Such a model alone does not reproduce all the spectral features observed. Therefore we have considered the existence of the polarized light induced transitions between Zeeman substates, involving (F'=2, m') and (F'=3, m') upper states. In order to indirectly account for the m→m' absorption transitions to the non-coupled m' states, and to the pairs of states with incomplete coupling, we have complemented the results of the 5-level model with the ones of its reduced versions. Satisfactory agreement of the positions of respective modeled and experimental spectral peaks was achieved.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Oct 8, 2010•2 citations
We consider the Autler-Townes effect when a strong coupling field is applied in the hyperfine manifold of an alkali atom. Explicit solution is obtained in the case of the D1-line. We show how the hyperfine interaction modifies the dressing effects associated with the strong field as well as the sample susceptibility with respect to the probe mode. Particularly, if the strong field is far detuned from the atomic resonance line the Autler-Townes structure differs significantly from the prediction of the Lambda-type approximation. We also find that tuning the strong field in between the upper state hyperfine components enhances the Autler-Townes effect. The results are discussed in the context of quantum memory protocols based on the stimulated Raman process or EIT effect.
The Autler—Townes effect is considered for the case where a strong control field acts in the frequency profile of a hyperfine transition taking into account the hyperfine interaction. An exact expression is derived for the susceptibility of the medium with respect to a probe field that acts in the frequency profile of a coupled transition of the alkaliatom D 1 line. It is shown that the hyperfine interaction in the excited state may substantially modify the susceptibility of the medium. In particular, it is shown that, when the control field is tuned to wings of atomic transitions, the structure of the Autler—Townes resonances appears to be noticeably differing from what is predicted by the Λ-scheme approximation. It is found that tuning of the control field frequency to between hyperfine components of the excited state enhances the resonant structure in this region. The results are discussed in terms of the quantum memory protocols based on the effects of Raman scattering and electromagnetically induced transparency.
We investigated the absence of certain bright peaks in Autler-Townes laser excitation spectra of alkali metal atoms. Our research revealed that these dips in the spectra are caused by a specific architecture of adiabatic (or ``laser-dressed'') states in hyperfine (HF) components. The dressed states' analysis pinpointed several cases where constructive and destructive interference between HF excitation pathways in a two-photon excitation scheme limits the available two-photon transitions. This results in a reduction of the conventional two-photon selection rule for the total angular momentum FFF, from ΔF=0,±1ΔF= 0,\pm 1ΔF=0,±1 to ΔF≡0ΔF\equiv 0ΔF≡0. Our discovery presents practical methods for selectively controlling the populations of unresolvable HF FFF-components of ns1/2ns_{1/2}ns1/2​ Rydberg states in alkali metal atoms. Using numerical simulations with sodium and rubidium atoms, we demonstrate that by blocking the effects of HF interaction with a specially tuned auxiliary control laser field, the deviations from the ideal selectivity of the HF components population can be lower than 0.01%0.01\%0.01% for Na and 0.001%0.001\%0.001% for Rb atoms.
We consider a quantum memory scheme based on the conversion of a signal pulse into a long-lived spin coherence via stimulated off-resonant Raman process. For a storing medium consisting of alkali-metal atoms, we have calculated the Autler-Townes resonance structure created by a strong control field. By taking into account the upper hyperfine states of the D1{D}_{1}D1​ optical transition, we show important deviations from the predictions of the usual three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-scheme approximation and we demonstrate an enhancement of the process for particular detunings of the control. We estimate the memory efficiency one can obtain using this configuration.
We calculate electric susceptibility of a laser-dressed atomic medium.The model adopted in this work refers to the experiment with cold 85 Rb atoms, where the states F′ = 1, 2, 3 of the hyperfine manifold 5P 3/2 (F′) are strongly coupled with the ground state 5S 1/2 (F = 2), and the coupling is probed by a weak probing field from the other ground-state component 5S 1/2 (F = 3).We present a five-level model in which the states F = 2, 3 and F′ = 1, 2, 3 are taken into account, while the noncoupled state F′ = 4 is neglected.The model is used as a starting point to reproduce spectral features observed in the absorption of probe light passing through a cold sample of 85 Rb atoms in a magneto-optical trap.Basing on numerical solutions of this model, we have also studied in detail the impact on the probe spectra from the presence of the state F′ = 1 to which probing is forbidden by electric-dipole transition, but coupling is allowed [see, e.g., Proc. of SPIE 8770 (2013) 87700Q].
This paper is devoted to clarifying the implications of hyperfine (HF) interaction in the formation of adiabatic (i.e., ``laser-dressed'') states and their expression in the Autler-Townes (AT) spectra. We first use the Morris-Shore model [J. R. Morris and B. W. Shore, Phys. Rev. A 27, 906 (1983)] to illustrate how bright and dark states are formed in a simple reference system where closely spaced energy levels are coupled to a single state with a strong laser field with the respective Rabi frequency ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{S}$. We then expand the simulations to realistic hyperfine level systems in Na atoms for a more general case when non-negligible HF interaction can be treated as a perturbation in the total system Hamiltonian. A numerical analysis of the adiabatic states that are formed by coupling of the 3p3/23{p}_{3/2}3p3/2​ and 4d5/24{d}_{5/2}4d5/2​ states by the strong laser field and probed by a weak laser field on the $3{s}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}3{p}_{3/2}$ transition yielded two important conclusions. Firstly, the perturbation introduced by the HF interaction leads to the observation of what we term ``chameleon'' states---states that change their appearance in the AT spectrum, behaving as bright states at small to moderate ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{S}$, and fading from the spectrum similarly to dark states when ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{S}$ is much larger than the HF splitting of the 3p3/23{p}_{3/2}3p3/2​ state. Secondly, excitation by the probe field from two different HF levels of the ground state allows one to address orthogonal sets of adiabatic states; this enables, with appropriate choice of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{S}$ and the involved quantum states, a selective excitation of otherwise unresolved hyperfine levels in excited electronic states.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes (A-T) effect were studied under conditions of strong coupling of the hyperfine manifold 5P3/2 (F') with the 5S 1/2 (F=2) ground state of cold 85Rb atoms in MOT. Transmission spectra of a weak probe beam, at the frequency scanned in the vicinity of the 5S1/2(F=3)→5P3/2(F') resonances were registered at various frequency settings of the coupling beam. The spectra were interpreted by applying optical Bloch equations. As a starting point, a 5-level model, accounting for F=2, 3 and F'=1, 2, 3 states was assumed (the noncoupled state F'=4 being neglected, but the F'=1 state, coupled but not directly probed, included, as its presence was found to be imprinted in the spectra). Such a model alone does not reproduce all the spectral features observed. Therefore we have considered the existence of the polarized light induced transitions between Zeeman substates, involving (F'=2, m') and (F'=3, m') upper states. In order to indirectly account for the m→m' absorption transitions to the non-coupled m' states, and to the pairs of states with incomplete coupling, we have complemented the results of the 5-level model with the ones of its reduced versions. Satisfactory agreement of the positions of respective modeled and experimental spectral peaks was achieved.