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arXiv:0903.0220 · Plasma Science and Technology

Interference Effects in Hyperfine Induced 2s2p3P0,3P2→ 2s21S0Transitions of Be-like Ions

Jiguang Li, Dong Chenzhong

Published Jun 1, 2010• 15 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

In this paper, we explored the characteristics of the interference effects between perturbative states in hyperfine induced 2s2p 3 P 0 , 3 P 2 → 2s 21 S 0 transitions of Be-like ions. It was found that the interference effects non-monotonically change with increasing atomic number Z in these two transitions. The strongest interference effect is near Z = 9 for 2s2p 3 P 0 → 2s 21 S 0 transition and near Z = 7 for the other.

DOI
10.1088/1009-0630/12/3/23

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In this paper, we explored the characteristics of the interference effects between perturbative states in hyperfine induced 2s2p 3 P 0 , 3 P 2 → 2s 21 S 0 transitions of Be-like ions. It was found that the interference effects non-monotonically change with increasing atomic number Z in these two transitions. The strongest interference effect is near Z = 9 for 2s2p 3 P 0 → 2s 21 S 0 transition and near Z = 7 for the other.
The angular and polarization properties of the photon pair emitted in the two--photon decay of 2s2s2s hyperfine states in hydrogenlike ions are investigated within the relativistic Dirac framework and second order perturbation theory. The studied transitions are 2s1/2 (F=1,0)→1s1/2 (F=1,0)2s_{1/2}\,(F=1,0)\to1s_{1/2}\,(F=1,0)2s1/2​(F=1,0)→1s1/2​(F=1,0) in Hydrogen atom and 2s1/2 (F=4,3)→1s1/2 (F=4,3)2s_{1/2}\,(F=4,3)\to1s_{1/2}\,(F=4,3)2s1/2​(F=4,3)→1s1/2​(F=4,3) in hydrogenlike Uranium ion. Two different emission patterns are found: For non-spin-flip transitions, the angular correlation (i.e.i.e.i.e. the angular distribution of the emitted photons) is of the type ∼1+cos⁡2θ\sim 1+\cos^2θ∼1+cos2θ, while the linear polarizations of the emitted photons are approximately parallel one another; For spin-flip transitions, the angular correlation is of the type ∼1−1/3cos⁡2θ\sim 1-1/3\cos^2θ∼1−1/3cos2θ, while the linear polarizations of the emitted photons are approximately orthogonal one another.
Continuum–continuum, bound–bound, bound–free, and free–bound atomic field-induced transitions are investigated. The initial atomic state is supposed to be given by a wave packet of coherently populated levels of continuous or discrete spectra. Interference effects were found to increase the probabilities of these types of transition and to change their dependence on the pulse duration τ. Interference is shown to occur also in the two-photon ionization probability with highly excited Rydberg levels as intermediate states. Criteria of applicability of the energy diffusion model are formulated. The different diffusion criteria are shown to be incompatible with each other, owing particularly to described interference effects. An alternative picture of multiphoton excitation is suggested. This picture is similar to the above-threshold ionization and predicts the appearance of some maxima in the spectrum of excited electrons below the ionization threshold.
The recently developed technique of Raman heterodyne detection has unveiled a new interference effect in the Zeeman spectrum of hyperfine transitions of impurity-ion solids. An earlier theory had been developed to explain the basic Raman heterodyne process which involves the resonant interaction of a three-level quantum system with coherent optical-frequency and radiofrequency fields. However, it was not realized that impurity-ion crystals can generate more than one type of Raman heterodyne signal and that these signals can interfere. This article describes two examples of interference where one originates from two or more inequivalent nuclear sites and the other from a single site that exhibits interference among Zeeman transitions. An analytical theory covering these two cases is presented and compared to observations for the impurity-ion crystals Pr3+{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}Pr3+:YAlO3{\mathrm{YAlO}}_{3}YAlO3​ and Pr3+{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}Pr3+:LaF3{\mathrm{LaF}}_{3}LaF3​, the interference behavior in the two being dramatically different.
In recent years there became actual studies of quantum interference on gamma spectroscopic transitions induced by coherent perturbations.A special attention is paid to gamma transitions in compound systems. In this work it is shown that quantum interference effects (QIE) occur in gamma quantum spontaneous emission spectrum of an electron-nuclear paramagnetic system when electron spin resonance is induced. Occurrence of QIE is connected to preparation of the quantum system initial state. The role of electron relaxation is defined: increase of relaxation rate leads to extinguishing of QIE. The cases of stationary excitation of Mossbauer levels by wide and narrow spectra are considered.
In this thesis we report an experimental study of the effect of interference between two two-photon bound-to-free excitation routes in atomic barium from the $\rm 6s\sp2\ \sp1S\sb0$ ground state. Different final products of the transition were observed by monitoring the kinetic energy spectrum of the photoelectrons using a Time-of-Flight electron detector. By tuning the frequency of one of the laser sources used for this work, we were able to change the interference from constructive to destructive, and to demonstrate a strong control over the final product states. Because it only requires two independent tunable laser fields (mutually incoherent), this technique of using quantum interference for product control is very robust. We also studied the dependence of this interference effect and product control on several experimental parameters: the density of the atomic beam, the pulse energy of the lasers, the polarization state of the lasers and the selection of intermediate states. When the density of the atomic beam was increased, we observed that the strength of the interference and the degree of product control increased significantly. When the relative polarization of the two laser fields was changed from parallel to perpendicular, the strength of interference effect increased, but the product control disappeared. In this thesis, we describe the interference, our ability to control product distributions through this interference, and the dependence of interference and product state control on the various experimental parameters.