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arXiv:0805.1682 · Physical Review A

Generation of time-bin-entangled photons without temporal postselection

Alessandro Rossi, Giuseppe Vallone, F. De Martini, Paolo Mataloni

Published Jul 23, 2008• 24 citations
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Abstract

We report on the implementation of an interferometric scheme that allows the generation of photon pairs entangled in the time-energy degree of freedom. This scheme does not require any kind of temporal postselection on the generated pairs and can be used even with lasers with short coherence time.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.78.012345

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A coherent interface between temporal and spatial degrees of freedom (DOFs) empowers photons to take advantage of both DOFs in quantum information processing. Such interfaces have either suffered from a typical loss of 1--3 dB or disturbed the polarization DOF in the conversion process. The authors realize a low-loss, polarization-independent, coherent interface between temporal and spatial DOFs (specifically time-bin and path modes), which promises applications like the postselection-loophole-free Bell inequality test, and can be put into a cavity to boost the generation rates of multiphoton polarization-entangled sources, or to enhance the scalability of sequential quantum metrology.
Quantum photonics is increasingly making use of the energy-time degree of freedom (DoF) to encode information. Its inherently high-dimensionality offers higher information capacity and robustness against noise. Most frequently, the energy-time DoF is exploited in the form of time bins and frequency bins, with direct applications in both quantum information processing tasks and quantum communication protocols. More recently, it has been used also in its pulse modes (or temporal modes) form, sets of states overlapping in time and frequency but kept orthogonal considering their temporal and spectral phase, whose difficult manipulation and characterisation made it less appealing for experimental applications. The production of states encoded in pulse modes has been demonstrated through sum frequency generation in waveguides [1] and parametric down conversion in bulk crystals [2], as well as the demonstration of schemes for creating hyper-entanglement among energy-time DoF and other high-dimensional DoFs [3], [4]. However, their implementation is still an area of continuous development and evolution, given the complexity of manipulating and characterising them.