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arXiv:0712.1617

Modulational instability in Bose--Einstein condensate in optical superlattice

E. A. Sorokina, Andrei I. Maimistov

Published Dec 10, 2007• 0 citations
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Abstract

We consider the Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in optical lattice, which is formed from two kinds of deep potentials. The tight-binding approximation was used. Steady state distribution of the probability amplitudes and the site population in the one dimensional optical superlattice were found. It was shown that this solution of the equations which describe the dynamics of the Bose-Einstein condensate in superlattice is unstable at the sufficiently high density of the bosons. The expression for increment of the modulational instability was found on base of the linear stability analysis. Numerical simulation demonstrates the evolution of the steady state distributions of bosons into the space array of the solitary peaks before the chaotic regime generation.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0712.1617

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We consider the Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in optical lattice, which is formed from two kinds of deep potentials. The tight-binding approximation was used. Steady state distribution of the probability amplitudes and the site population in the one dimensional optical superlattice were found. It was shown that this solution of the equations which describe the dynamics of the Bose-Einstein condensate in superlattice is unstable at the sufficiently high density of the bosons. The expression for increment of the modulational instability was found on base of the linear stability analysis. Numerical simulation demonstrates the evolution of the steady state distributions of bosons into the space array of the solitary peaks before the chaotic regime generation.
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A self-consistent theory of a cylindrically shaped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) periodically modulated by a laser beam is presented. We show, both analytically and numerically, that modulational instability/stability is the mechanism by which wave functions of soliton type can be generated in a cylindrically shaped BEC subject to a one-dimensional optical lattice. The theory explains why bright solitons can exist in a BEC with positive scattering length and why condensates with negative scattering length can be stable and give rise to dark solitary pulses.
We investigate the stability of dark solitons (DSs) in an effectively one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of the magnetic parabolic trap and an optical lattice (OL). The analysis is based on both the full Gross-Pitaevskii equation and its tight-binding approximation counterpart (discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation). We find that DSs are subject to weak instabilities with an onset of instability mainly governed by the period and amplitude of the OL. The instability, if present, sets in at large times and it is characterized by quasiperiodic oscillations of the DS about the minimum of the parabolic trap.
The chaotic dynamic characteristic in Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) system of a 1D tilted optical superlattice potential with attractive interaction is investigated in this paper. The spatial evolution of chaos was shown numerically by resolving Gross-Pitaevskii (G-P) equation for the system with the fourth Runge-Kutta(RK) algorithm. Numerical analysis reveals that as the tilt or the amplitude of the optical superlattice potential is increased the chaos in the BEC system increases. These elements make the chaotic system more unstable and the phase-space orbit becomes more chaotic. The chaotic system can be effectively controlled to a stable periodic orbit through adjusting the amplitude of the optical superlattice potential and initial condition. Controlling chaos can also be realized by spatial constant bias in the BEC system of a 1D tilted optical superlattice potential with attractive interaction. Phase orbits are suppressed gradually then the chaotic states of the BEC system are converted into period one through quais-period.
We present a comprehensive study of modulational instability (MI) in a binary Bose-Einstein condensate with spin-orbit coupling, confined to a deep optical lattice. The system is modeled by a set of discrete Gross-Pitaevskii equations. Using linear stability analysis, we derive the explicit MI conditions for the system, elucidating the critical and distinct roles played by spin-orbit coupling, inter-species nonlinearity, and intra-species nonlinearity. Our analysis, conducted for both unstaggered and staggered fundamental modes, reveals markedly different instability landscapes for these two configurations. The analytical predictions are confirmed by extensive numerical simulations of the full nonlinear dynamics, which vividly illustrate the spatiotemporal evolution of wave amplitudes, phase coherence, and energy localization during the instability process. The numerical results, obtained via a fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, show excellent agreement with the linear stability theory and provide a complete picture of the MI-induced pattern formation.