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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Chaotic characteristic in the BEC system of a 1D tilted optical superlattice potential with attractive interaction

Zhiying Zhang, Xiuqin Feng, Zhihai Yao, Yang Shen, Zuolin Tian

Published Nov 29, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The chaotic dynamic characteristic in Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) system of a 1D tilted optical superlattice potential with attractive interaction is investigated in this paper. The spatial evolution of chaos was shown numerically by resolving Gross-Pitaevskii (G-P) equation for the system with the fourth Runge-Kutta(RK) algorithm. Numerical analysis reveals that as the tilt or the amplitude of the optical superlattice potential is increased the chaos in the BEC system increases. These elements make the chaotic system more unstable and the phase-space orbit becomes more chaotic. The chaotic system can be effectively controlled to a stable periodic orbit through adjusting the amplitude of the optical superlattice potential and initial condition. Controlling chaos can also be realized by spatial constant bias in the BEC system of a 1D tilted optical superlattice potential with attractive interaction. Phase orbits are suppressed gradually then the chaotic states of the BEC system are converted into period one through quais-period.

DOI
10.1117/12.999482

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The chaotic dynamic characteristic in Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) system of a 1D tilted optical superlattice potential with attractive interaction is investigated in this paper. The spatial evolution of chaos was shown numerically by resolving Gross-Pitaevskii (G-P) equation for the system with the fourth Runge-Kutta(RK) algorithm. Numerical analysis reveals that as the tilt or the amplitude of the optical superlattice potential is increased the chaos in the BEC system increases. These elements make the chaotic system more unstable and the phase-space orbit becomes more chaotic. The chaotic system can be effectively controlled to a stable periodic orbit through adjusting the amplitude of the optical superlattice potential and initial condition. Controlling chaos can also be realized by spatial constant bias in the BEC system of a 1D tilted optical superlattice potential with attractive interaction. Phase orbits are suppressed gradually then the chaotic states of the BEC system are converted into period one through quais-period.
Chaos control of a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) loaded into a moving optical lattice with attractive interaction is investigated on the basis of Lyapunov stability theory. Three methods are designed to control chaos in BEC. As a controller, a bias constant, periodic force, or wavelet function feedback is added to the BEC system. Numerical simulations reveal that chaotic behavior can be well controlled to achieve periodicity by regulating control parameters. Different periodic orbits are available for different control parameters only if the maximal Lyapunov exponent of the system is negative. The abundant effect of chaotic control is also demonstrated numerically. Chaos control can be realized effectively by using our proposed control strategies.
The spatial chaos probability of a Bose–Einstein condensate perturbed by a weak optical superlattice is studied. It is demonstrated that the spatial chaotic solution appears with a certain probability in a given parameter region under a random boundary condition. The effects of the lattice depths and wave vectors on the chaos probability are illustrated, and different regions associated with different chaos probabilities are found. This suggests a feasible scheme for suppressing and strengthening chaos by adjusting the optical superlattice experimentally.
Abstract We investigate the chaotic and regular spatial structures of Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with a spatially modulated atom-atom interaction and without an external trapping potential. A BEC with a spatially modulated atom-atom interaction is equivalent to being constrained by a nonlinear optical lattice. Theoretical analyses show the existence of a steady atomic current in the BEC with a spatially varying phase. Under perturbative conditions, the Melnikov chaos criteria of BECs with a spatially varying phase and a constant one are theoretically obtained, respectively. When the perturbative conditions cannot be satisfied, for a repulsive BEC with a spatially varying phase, numerical simulations demonstrate that changing the initial condition can eliminate the chaotic spatial structure and then the system transitions into a biperiodic spatial structure. Increasing the chemical potential can result in a transition from the biperiodic spatial structure to a single-periodic spatial structure. For an attractive BEC with a spatially varying phase, numerical simulations show that decreasing the chemical potential can lead to a high atomic density, but when the wave number of the laser inducing the optical Feshbach resonance exceeds a critical value, the atomic density falls back to a finite range. Regardless of whether the BEC has a spatially varying phase or a constant one, modulating the laser wave number can effectively suppress the chaotic spatial structure in the BEC and then force it into a regular spatial structure.
The dynamical behaviors of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) depend largely on the nonlinear interactions between BEC atoms. The advancement of experimental techniques enables the rapid and effective modulation of the nonlinear interactions through Feshbach resonance technique. At present, both the nonlinear time-varying interaction and nonlinear space-varying interaction have been realized, respectively, thus making it possible to simultaneously modulate the nonlinear interactions in time and space through the combination of techniques. It will provide more options to conduct various studies by manipulating the BECs. Therefore, BECs with time- and space-varying interactions must possess unique advantages in studying BEC dynamics. This paper focuses on the chaotic spatiotemporal dynamics of BECs with nonlinear time- and space-varying interactions in moving optical lattices. When the intensities of the moving optical lattice potential and the modulation of the nonlinear interaction are small, the system satisfies the perturbation conditions and the Melnikov-function method is used in the theoretical analyses to obtain the Melnikov spatiotemporal chaotic criterion of the system. When the system does not meet the perturbation conditions, numerical simulations show that for a BEC with an attractive atomic interaction, increasing the modulation intensity of the nonlinear interaction can deepen the degree of spatiotemporal chaos in the system. In certain parameter regions, the modulation frequency of the nonlinear interaction can have a significant influence on the spatiotemporal dynamical behavior of the system. Further numerical research results show that larger chemical potentials can suppress the spatiotemporal chaos not only in the attractive BEC but also in the repulsive BEC. Based on the above research results, spatiotemporal chaos in BEC system can be avoided or triggered off in experiments as needed.
In this paper, we study the spatially chaotic distribution of atoms in a Bose-Einstein condensate system, trapped in an asymmetric periodic potential. For a constant phase of condensate, without atom currents in the system, the space distributed structure of condensated atoms can be described by an undamped Duffing equation with double drivers. Through theoretical analyses, the Mel'nikov chaotic criterion for the system with a repulsive interatomic interaction is presented. Numerical simulations show that an increasing chemical potential can exert considerable suppression on the chaotic distribution of condensated atoms and even completely eliminate chaos. For a system with an attractive interatomic interaction, under some specific parametric conditions, adjusting the ratio between optical lattice potential amplitudes will force the condensated atoms from a periodic state into a spatially chaotic distribution; with the increase of chemical potential, the spatially chaotic distribution is completely suppressed.