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arXiv:solv-int/9611004 · Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics

Calogero-Sutherland model with twisted boundary condition

DF Wang

Published Nov 1, 1996• 1 citation
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Abstract

In this work, the Calogero-Sutherland model with twisted boundary condition is studied. The ground state wave functions, the ground state energies, and the full energy spectrum are provided in details. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
DOI
10.1103/physreve.54.4586

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The U(1) Calogero Sutherland Model with anti-periodic boundary condition is studied. The Hamiltonian is reduced to a convenient form by similarity transformation. The matrix representation of the Hamiltonian acting on a partially ordered state space is obtained in an upper triangular form. Consequently the diagonal elements become the energy eigenvalues. The eigenstates are constructed using Young diagram and represented in terms of Jack symmetric polynomials. The eigenstates so obtained are orthonormalized.
INTRODUCTION The Calogero-Sutherland model has recently attracted some attention mainly because, in spite of its simplicity, it yields nontrivial results which contribute to shape our understanding of fractional statistics [1]. Its most remarkable property is that its ground state is given by a Jastrow wave-function which is the one dimensional analogue of the Laughlin wave-function. The excitations are described by quasiparticles which carry a fraction of the quantum numbers of the fundamental particles. The wave functions are simple enough to allow the computation of physical quantities such as the dynamical correlation functions. Recently, it has become clear that the spin version of this model is closely related to the known spin chains such as the XXX chain. The wave functions of the spin models can be obtained as simply as those of the Calogero-Sutherland model by diagonalising simple differential operators known as the Dunkl operators [2]. In these lectures, I restrict to the
Critical properties of the Calogero - Sutherland model of -type ( -CS model) are studied. Using the asymptotic Bethe ansatz spectrum of the -CS model, we calculate finite-size corrections in the energy spectrum. Since the -CS model does not possess translational invariance, the finite-size spectrum acquires the contributions coming from `boundaries'. We show that the low-energy critical behaviour of the model is described by c = 1 boundary conformal field theory. Thus the universality class of the model is identified as a chiral Tomonaga - Luttinger liquid.
The integrability of the one-dimensional long-range supersymmetric t-J model has previously been established for both open systems and those closed by periodic boundary conditions through explicit construction of its integrals of motion. Recently the system has been extended to include the effect of magnetic flux, which gives rise to a closed chain with twisted boundary conditions. While the t-J model with twisted boundary conditions has been solved for the ground state and full energy spectrum, proof of its integrability has so far been lacking. In this paper we extend the proof of integrability of the long-range supersymmetric t-J model and its SU(m|n) generalization to include the case of twisted boundary conditions.
We obtain the exact ground state for the Calogero-Sutherland problem in arbitrary dimensions. In the special case of two dimensions, we show that the problem is connected to the random matrix problem for complex matrices, provided the strength of the inverse-square interaction g = 2. In the thermodynamic limit, we obtain the ground state energy and the pair-correlation function and show that in this case there is no long-range order. Calogero-Sutherland type models are a class of exactly solvable models. Starting from the inception [1], till today, these models continue to be of interest, especially due to their exact solvability [2]. Moreover, these models are related to (1 + 1)-dimensional conformal field theory, random matrices and a host of other things [3]. Some variants of the models have attracted attention in very recent past [3–5]. The original model of Calogero [1] described N particles in one dimension, interacting through an inverse square law and a two-body harmonic interaction. The latter interaction was added to the effect of complete discretization of the spectrum. This model gave in to an analytic treatment yielding an exact solution. Sutherland [6] considered a variant of this problem where the harmonic interaction was replaced by a harmonic well containing the N particles. It was shown that one can exactly solve for the ground state of the system. The norm of the ground state wave-function was shown to be of a form that coincides with the joint probability density function of the eigenvalues of random matrices from an orthogonal, unitary or symplectic Gaussian ensemble, provided, the