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arXiv:quant-ph/9909045 · Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

Information transfer in the course of a quantum interaction

M. C. de Oliveira, Salomon Sylvain Mizrahi, V. V. Dodonov

Published Sep 27, 1999• 30 citations
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Abstract

We discuss the problem of information transfer (exchange of states configuration) between two interacting quantum systems along their evolution in time. We consider the specific case of two modes of an electromagnetic field with a rotating wave coupling interaction (up-conversion in a nonlinear crystal). We verify that for certain initial states of the fields the swapping of state configuration occurs with conservation of the mean energy of each mode (without energy transfer), thus characterizing pure information flow.

DOI
10.1088/1464-4266/1/5/319

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We discuss the problem of information transfer (exchange of states configuration) between two interacting quantum systems along their evolution in time. We consider the specific case of two modes of an electromagnetic field with a rotating wave coupling interaction (up-conversion in a nonlinear crystal). We verify that for certain initial states of the fields the swapping of state configuration occurs with conservation of the mean energy of each mode (without energy transfer), thus characterizing pure information flow.
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A method utilising the coherent state variables for the electromagnetic field and appropriate spin variables for two-level atomsis developed for obtaining the dynamical evolution of the field and the atoms separately. The case of a single radiation mode interacting with two two-level atoms is studied. The time evolution of the photon number, starting from n photons and both atoms at their higher levels, is given. Furthermore, when the initial state consists of n photons and one of the atoms in its excited state with the other in its ground state, the temporal development of the photon number, as well as the motion of each atom, are obtained. In the latter case it becomes apparent that energy exchange takes place among the atomic systems, while the field acts as a transfer agent.
The physics system consisting of coherent coupled-atom interaction with coherent single-mode cavity-field is proposed. Using the complete quantum theory, the evolution process of the system is studied. It is found that the quantum atom entangled states and light field entangled states can be transferred into each other under a certain temporal condition. Otherwise, the initial state of the atom or the light field entangled states can be completely preserved by controlling the time of the atoms interaction with the light fields.
The resonant interaction of two nonidentical two-level atoms with one mode of the electromagnetic field has been considered. The pure-state evolution of the atomic states for field initially in the coherent state and atoms in the ground state has been investigated. It has been shown that for intermediate values of the relative differences of two coupling constants the atoms as well as the field are returned most closely to a pure state at the revival time. The possibility of the maximally entangled states at the beginning of the collapse time has been discussed.
We study the propagation of probe pulses carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) in a crystal of molecular magnets characterized by a double-$\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ light-matter coupling scheme. The model is based on the four-wave mixing (FWM) of applied fields interacting with the magnetic dipole moment of the molecular magnets. We consider the light-matter interaction under the situation where a weak probe field carries an optical vortex and investigate the exchange of optical vortices between different frequencies via the FWM in the microwave region. The propagation of OAM beams with nonzero radial indices is then explored. It is found that the conservation of both azimuthal and radial indices is satisfied over the swapping of OAM states of light. Superimposing two initially weak OAM modes with different topological charges creates specific vortex beams with a very characteristic form. The resulting beam contains a central vortex as well as several singly charged peripheral vortices distributed at the same radial distance from the center of the light beam. This complex pattern of vortices arises because the intensity radius of two interfering OAM modes is different. It is shown that the boundary region of intensity dominance of two OAM modes can be controlled by the molecular magnets parameters and strong cw electromagnetic fields. Our proposed scheme may provide a route to study the solid systems suitable for quantum technologies as well as for OAM exchange devices for quantum information processing.